---
title: abide — Early Modern English dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «abide» in the Early Modern English dictionary: To remain or stay somewhere for a time. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/emode/A/abide/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [dictionaries](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/) / [Early Modern English dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/emode/) / [A](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/emode/A/) / abide

# abide

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Laban, I, you, Goll, brother, damsel · **What happens:** remain, stay, say, be, give, abide · **To what, where:** Laban, ten · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«abide» in the Early Modern English dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 3 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [abide in the Early Modern English dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/emode/w/abide.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To remain or stay somewhere for a time.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:emode:abide:m1:1
# text = To remain or stay somewhere for a time.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	remain	remain	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	stay	stay	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
5	somewhere	somewhere	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	4	advmod	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **remain** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **stay** | infinitive |  |  |  |  | time | somewhere *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And Laban said: 'It is better that I give her to thee, than that I should give her to another man; abide with me.'

<!-- .note -->
From Torah GEN.29.19, JPS 1917.

<!-- fold The tree, 24 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:emode:abide:x1:1
# text = And Laban said: 'It is better that I give her to thee, than that I should give her to another man; abide with me.'
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	Laban	Laban	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	8	punct	_	_
5	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	expl	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
8	better	good	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	3	parataxis	_	_
9	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	11	mark	_	_
10	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
11	give	give	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	advcl	_	_
12	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	iobj	_	_
13	to	to	ADP	TO	_	14	case	_	_
14	thee	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
16	than	than	SCONJ	IN	_	20	mark	_	_
17	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	20	mark	_	_
18	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	20	nsubj	_	_
19	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	20	aux	_	_
20	give	give	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	conj	_	_
21	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	iobj	_	_
22	to	to	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	another	another	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	24	det	_	_
24	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	26	punct	_	_
26	abide	abide	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	ccomp	_	_
27	with	with	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
28	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	26	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	26	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	26	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Laban |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | good *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **give** | present | I |  | Laban |  |  | to thee | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent she=Theme to thou=Recipient |
| 4 | **give** | should | I |  | Laban |  |  | to another man | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent she=Theme to man=Recipient |
| 5 | **abide** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | with me | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
“Do you abide by it?” Goll demanded.

<!-- .note -->
From Irish Fairy Tales.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* “Do you abide by it?”

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:emode:abide:x2:1
# text = “Do you abide by it?”
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Do	do	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	abide	abide	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	by	by	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **abide** *in a quote* | present · do-support | you |  |  |  |  | by it | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* Goll demanded.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:emode:abide:x2:2
# text = Goll demanded.
1	Goll	Goll	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	demanded	demand	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **demand** *speech: request* | past | Goll |  |  |  |  |  | vn require-103-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And her brother and her mother said: 'Let the damsel abide with us a few days, at the least ten; after that she shall go.'

<!-- .note -->
From Torah GEN.24.55, JPS 1917.

<!-- fold The tree, 25 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:emode:abide:x3:1
# text = And her brother and her mother said: 'Let the damsel abide with us a few days, at the least ten; after that she shall go.'
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
2	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	brother	brother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
5	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	mother	mother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
7	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	10	punct	_	_
9	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	Let	let	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	ccomp	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	damsel	damsel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
13	abide	abide	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	parataxis	_	_
14	with	with	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	13	obl	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
17	few	few	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	days	day	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
20	at	at	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	least	least	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	23	nmod	_	_
23	ten	ten	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
25	after	after	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
26	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	29	obl	_	_
27	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	29	nsubj	_	_
28	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	29	aux	_	_
29	go	go	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | her brother and her mother |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **let** | infinitive |  | ten at the least |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **abide** | present | the damsel |  |  |  | day | with us | tree rules |
| 4 | **go** | shall | damsel |  |  |  | after that |  | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Early Modern English dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova; its examples quote public-domain texts. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- next →: [abode](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/emode/A/abode/)
- ↑ back to [A in Early Modern English dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/emode/A/)