---
title: apothecary — Early Modern English dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «apothecary» in the Early Modern English dictionary: A person who made and sold medicines. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# apothecary

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** person, you, apothecary, Heaven, it · **What happens:** make, sell, be, get, ask, preserve · **To what, where:** medicines, it, us, mind, apothecary · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«apothecary» in the Early Modern English dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 3 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [apothecary in the Early Modern English dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/emode/w/apothecary.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A person who made and sold medicines.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:emode:apothecary:m1:1
# text = A person who made and sold medicines.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	4	nsubj	_	_
4	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	sold	sell	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
7	medicines	medicine	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past | a person |  |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **sell** | past | a person *not said here* | medicines |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent medicine=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"Whose is it, and where did you get it?" asked the apothecary.

<!-- .note -->
From Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen.

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:emode:apothecary:x1:1
# text = "Whose is it, and where did you get it?" asked the apothecary.
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Whose	whose	PRON	WP$	Poss=Yes|PronType=Rel	4	nmod:poss	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
7	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	10	advmod	_	_
8	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
9	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
10	get	get	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	parataxis	_	_
11	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	10	punct	_	_
14	asked	ask	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	apothecary	apothecary	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	14	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** *in a quote* | present |  | it |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **get** *in a quote* | past · do-support | you | it |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer it=Stimulus |
| 3 | **ask** *speech: ask* | past | the apothecary |  |  |  |  |  | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"Heaven preserve us!" cried the apothecary, "you are out of your mind.

<!-- .note -->
From Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen.

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:emode:apothecary:x2:1
# text = "Heaven preserve us!" cried the apothecary, "you are out of your mind.
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Heaven	Heaven	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	preserve	preserve	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	parataxis	_	_
4	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
7	cried	cry	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	apothecary	apothecary	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
11	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj	_	_
13	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	17	cop	_	_
14	out	out	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	17	nmod:poss	_	_
17	mind	mind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **preserve** *in a quote* | infinitive | Heaven |  | us |  |  |  | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent we=Beneficiary |
| 2 | **cry** *speech: express* | past | the apothecary |  |  |  |  |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **is** *in a quote* | present | you |  |  | your mind |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
‘Who is it, and how did you get it?’ asked the apothecary.

<!-- .note -->
From The Yellow Fairy Book.

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:emode:apothecary:x3:1
# text = ‘Who is it, and how did you get it?’ asked the apothecary.
1	‘	'	PUNCT	``	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
7	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	10	advmod	_	_
8	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
9	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
10	get	get	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	parataxis	_	_
11	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	’	'	PUNCT	''	_	10	punct	_	_
14	asked	ask	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	apothecary	apothecary	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	14	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present |  | it |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **get** | past · do-support | you | it |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer it=Stimulus |
| 3 | **ask** *speech: ask* | past | it | the apothecary |  |  |  |  | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent apothecary=Recipient |

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**Text:** the Early Modern English dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova; its examples quote public-domain texts. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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