---
title: asp — Early Modern English dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «asp» in the Early Modern English dictionary: A small, poisonous snake. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# asp

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** wine, fox, asp, you · **What happens:** be, go on, fall, glide, want, manage · **To what, where:** venom, road, them · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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«asp» in the Early Modern English dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 3 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [asp in the Early Modern English dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/emode/w/asp.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A small, poisonous snake.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:emode:asp:m1:1
# text = A small, poisonous snake.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
2	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	poisonous	poisonous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	snake	snake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Their wine is the venom of serpents, and the cruel poison of asps.

<!-- .note -->
From Torah DEU.32.33, JPS 1917.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:emode:asp:x1:1
# text = Their wine is the venom of serpents, and the cruel poison of asps.
1	Their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	wine	wine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	venom	venom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	serpents	serpent	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	cruel	cruel	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	poison	poison	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	appos	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	asps	asp	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Their wine | the venom |  |  |  | of serpents | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And the fox went on till he nearly fell over an asp who was gliding across the road.

<!-- .note -->
From The Brown Fairy Book.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:emode:asp:x2:1
# text = And the fox went on till he nearly fell over an asp who was gliding across the road.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	fox	fox	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	on	on	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
6	till	till	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
7	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
8	nearly	nearly	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
9	fell	fall	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	advcl	_	_
10	over	over	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	asp	asp	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
13	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	15	nsubj	_	_
14	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	15	aux	_	_
15	gliding	glide	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	12	acl:relcl	_	_
16	across	across	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	road	road	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go on** | past | the fox |  |  |  |  |  | vn function-105.2.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **fall** | past | fox |  |  |  |  | over a asp; nearly *property* | vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme over asp=Location |
| 3 | **glide** | past · progressive | a asp |  |  | the road |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme across road=Trajectory |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
“Well, if you only want them for a short time, perhaps I could manage,” answered the asp; “but I can’t do without them for long.”

<!-- .note -->
From The Brown Fairy Book.

<!-- fold The tree, 26 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:emode:asp:x3:1
# text = “Well, if you only want them for a short time, perhaps I could manage,” answered the asp; “but I can’t do without them for long.”
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Well	well	INTJ	UH	_	4	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
5	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
6	only	only	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	want	want	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	17	advcl	_	_
8	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	obj	_	_
9	for	for	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	short	short	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
14	perhaps	perhaps	ADV	RB	_	17	advmod	_	_
15	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj	_	_
16	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	17	aux	_	_
17	manage	manage	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	20	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	17	punct	_	_
20	answered	answer	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	asp	asp	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	29	punct	_	_
24	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	29	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	29	cc	_	_
26	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	29	nsubj	_	_
27	ca	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	29	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	n’t	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	29	advmod	_	_
29	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	20	ccomp	_	_
30	without	without	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
31	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	29	obl	_	_
32	for	for	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
33	long	long	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	29	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	29	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	29	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **want** *a condition, not said to happen, in a quote* | present | you | them *= they* |  |  | time |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot they=Theme |
| 2 | **manage** *in a quote* | could | the asp *= asp* |  |  |  |  | perhaps *property* | vn succeed-74-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **answer** *speech: assert* | past | the asp |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **not** **do** *in a quote* | can | the asp *= asp* |  |  |  |  | without them *= they* | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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**Text:** the Early Modern English dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova; its examples quote public-domain texts. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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