---
title: charity — Early Modern English dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «charity» in the Early Modern English dictionary: Goodwill toward others, or a kind act done freely for someone in need. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# charity

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**Who acts:** kind act, It, she, hail, I, your · **What happens:** do, be, sit, say, come, ask · **To what, where:** Goodwill, pure charity, all, little Jewish girl, charity school, help · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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«charity» in the Early Modern English dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 3 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [charity in the Early Modern English dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/emode/w/charity.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Goodwill toward others, or a kind act done freely for someone in need.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:emode:charity:m1:1
# text = Goodwill toward others, or a kind act done freely for someone in need.
1	Goodwill	goodwill	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
2	toward	toward	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	others	other	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	kind	kind	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	act	act	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
9	done	do	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	1	acl	_	_
10	freely	freely	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
11	for	for	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	9	obl	_	_
13	in	in	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	need	need	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** | participle | a kind act | Goodwill toward others *not said here* |  |  |  | for someone; freely *property* | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent goodwill=Eventuality |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It's pure charity that she is here at all.

<!-- .note -->
From Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:emode:charity:x1:1
# text = It's pure charity that she is here at all.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	pure	pure	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	charity	charity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
6	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
8	here	here	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	4	acl	_	_
9	at	at	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | It | pure charity |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | present | she | pure charity *not said here* |  | all |  | here *property* | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In a charity school, among the children, sat a little Jewish girl.

<!-- .note -->
From Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen.

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:emode:charity:x2:1
# text = In a charity school, among the children, sat a little Jewish girl.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	charity	charity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
6	among	among	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
10	sat	sit	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
12	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
13	Jewish	Jewish	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	girl	girl	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sit** | past |  | a little Jewish girl |  | a charity school and the children |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V NP.theme PP»: agent=Agent girl=Theme in school=Location |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
‘All hail!’ said the girl. ‘I have come, of your charity, to ask your help!’

<!-- .note -->
From The Pink Fairy Book.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* ‘All hail!’ said the girl.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:emode:charity:x3:1
# text = ‘All hail!’ said the girl.
1	‘	'	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	All	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	3	det	_	_
3	hail	hail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	’	'	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
6	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	girl	girl	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | all hail |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* ‘I have come, of your charity, to ask your help!’

<!-- fold The tree, 10 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:emode:charity:x3:2
# text = ‘I have come, of your charity, to ask your help!’
1	‘	'	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
3	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	come	come	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	charity	charity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	to	to	PART	TO	_	11	mark	_	_
11	ask	ask	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
12	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	_
13	help	help	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	’	'	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | present · perfect | I |  |  |  |  | of your charity | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme of charity=Initial\_Location |
| 2 | **ask** *speech: ask* | to-infinitive |  | your help |  |  |  |  | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent help=Recipient |
| 3 | **help** |  | your |  |  |  |  |  | nom help «act transitive»: poss=agent |

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**Text:** the Early Modern English dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova; its examples quote public-domain texts. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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