---
title: darest — Early Modern English dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «darest» in the Early Modern English dictionary: Has the courage to do something, with "thou" as the subject. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# darest

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**Who acts:** form, thou, Childe, Strike · **What happens:** have, do, dare, follow, ask, speak · **To what, where:** courage, something, thou, form, Strike, good brand · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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«darest» in the Early Modern English dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 3 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [darest in the Early Modern English dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/emode/w/darest.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Has the courage to do something, with "thou" as the subject.

<!-- fold The tree, 11 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:emode:darest:m1:1
# text = Has the courage to do something, with "thou" as the subject.
1	Has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	courage	courage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	acl	_	_
6	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	with	with	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	10	punct	_	_
12	as	as	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	subject	subject	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present |  | the courage |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent courage=Patient |
| 2 | **do** | to-infinitive |  | something |  |  |  | as the subject | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Eventuality |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"Darest thou to follow me?" asked the form.

<!-- .note -->
From Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:emode:darest:x1:1
# text = "Darest thou to follow me?" asked the form.
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Darest	dare	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	ccomp	_	_
3	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	2	obj	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	follow	follow	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
6	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
9	asked	ask	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	form	form	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **dare** *in a quote* | present |  | thou |  |  |  |  | vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thou=Recipient |
| 2 | **follow** *in a quote* | to-infinitive |  | the form *= form* |  |  |  |  | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent i=Theme |
| 3 | **ask** *speech: ask* | past | the form |  |  |  |  |  | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
‘Rash youth that thou art, darest thou speak thus to Arthur?

<!-- .note -->
From The Lilac Fairy Book.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:emode:darest:x2:1
# text = ‘Rash youth that thou art, darest thou speak thus to Arthur?
1	‘	'	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Rash	rash	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	youth	youth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	6	obj	_	_
5	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	6	nsubj	_	_
6	art	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	darest	dare	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
9	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	10	nsubj	_	_
10	speak	speak	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	xcomp	_	_
11	thus	thus	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
12	to	to	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	Arthur	Arthur	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **dare** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **speak** *speech: other* | infinitive | thou |  |  |  |  | thus *property* | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
“Strike then, Bogle, if thou darest,” shouted out Childe Rowland, and rushed to meet him with his good brand that never yet did fail.

<!-- .note -->
From English Fairy Tales.

<!-- fold The tree, 24 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:emode:darest:x3:1
# text = “Strike then, Bogle, if thou darest,” shouted out Childe Rowland, and rushed to meet him with his good brand that never yet did fail.
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Strike	Strike	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	5	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	Bogle	Bogle	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
8	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	9	nsubj	_	_
9	darest	dare	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux:pass	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	9	punct	_	_
12	shouted	shout	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
13	out	out	ADP	RP	_	12	compound:prt	_	_
14	Childe	Childe	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	obl:agent	_	_
15	Rowland	Rowland	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
18	rushed	rush	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	conj	_	_
19	to	to	PART	TO	_	20	mark	_	_
20	meet	meet	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	18	xcomp	_	_
21	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	obj	_	_
22	with	with	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
23	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	25	nmod:poss	_	_
24	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	25	amod	_	_
25	brand	brand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obl	_	_
26	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	29	obj	_	_
27	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	29	advmod	_	_
28	yet	yet	ADV	RB	_	29	advmod	_	_
29	did	do	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	25	acl:relcl	_	_
30	fail	fail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	12	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shout out** *speech: express* | present · passive | Childe |  |  |  |  |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **rush** | past | Childe *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn compel-59.1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Result |
| 3 | **meet** | to-infinitive | Childe *not said here* | Strike |  |  |  | with Strike's good brand | vn satisfy-55.7 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Agent he=Theme with brand=Instrument |
| 4 | **not** **do** | past |  | Strike's good brand |  |  | yet |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **brand** |  | Strike |  |  |  |  |  | nom brand «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

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**Text:** the Early Modern English dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova; its examples quote public-domain texts. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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