---
title: flaps — Early Modern English dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «flaps» in the Early Modern English dictionary: loose hanging coverings over an opening, such as the door of a tent or hut. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# flaps

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Pinners, oval shaped door flaps, many brown faces · **What happens:** hang, follow, peep, be, pin on, translate · **To what, where:** coverings, opening, people, open door flaps, coifs, two long side flaps

<!-- .vabout -->
«flaps» in the Early Modern English dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 3 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [flaps in the Early Modern English dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/emode/w/flaps.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
loose hanging coverings over an opening, such as the door of a tent or hut.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:emode:flaps:m1:1
# text = loose hanging coverings over an opening, such as the door of a tent or hut.
1	loose	loose	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
2	hanging	hang	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	1	xcomp	_	_
3	coverings	covering	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
4	over	over	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	opening	opening	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
8	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	11	case	_	_
9	as	as	ADP	IN	_	8	fixed	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	door	door	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	tent	tent	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	_
15	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	hut	hut	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hang** | gerund |  | coverings |  | a opening such the door of a tent or hut |  |  | vn put\_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent covering=Theme over opening=Destination |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
On the following morning at daybreak, peeped the people out of half-open door-flaps.

<!-- .note -->
From Old Indian Legends.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:emode:flaps:x1:1
# text = On the following morning at daybreak, peeped the people out of half-open door-flaps.
1	On	on	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	amod	_	_
4	morning	morning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
5	at	at	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	daybreak	daybreak	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
8	peeped	peep	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obj	_	_
11	out	out	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
13	half	half	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing|NumForm=Word|NumType=Frac	15	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	open	open	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
16	door	door	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	flaps	flap	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **peep** | past |  | the people |  | open door flaps | morning |  | vn animal\_sounds-38 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent people=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
\[Footnote 3: 'Pinners' were coifs with two long side-flaps pinned on. 'Double-pinners'--with two side-flaps on each side--accurately translates the French cornettes à deux rangs.\]

<!-- .note -->
From The Fairy Tales of Charles Perrault.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* \[Footnote 3: 'Pinners' were coifs with two long side-flaps pinned on. '

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:emode:flaps:x2:1
# text = [Footnote 3: 'Pinners' were coifs with two long side-flaps pinned on. '
1	[	[	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Footnote	footnote	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	3	3	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
5	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	Pinners	pinner	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	6	punct	_	_
8	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
9	coifs	coif	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	conj	_	_
10	with	with	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
11	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	15	nummod	_	_
12	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
13	side	side	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	flaps	flap	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nmod	_	_
16	pinned	pin	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	15	acl	_	_
17	on	on	ADP	RP	_	16	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
19	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | Pinners | coifs |  |  |  | with two long side flaps | tree rules |
| 2 | **pin on** | participle |  | two long side flaps *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn tape-22.4 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* Double-pinners'--with two side-flaps on each side--accurately translates the French cornettes à deux rangs.\]

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:emode:flaps:x2:2
# text = Double-pinners'--with two side-flaps on each side--accurately translates the French cornettes à deux rangs.]
1	Double	double	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	1	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	pinners	pinner	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	'	's	PART	POS	_	3	case	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	--	--	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
7	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	10	nummod	_	_
8	side	side	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	flaps	flap	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
11	on	on	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	13	det	_	_
13	side	side	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	--	--	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
16	translates	translate	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	conj	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
18	French	French	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
19	cornettes	cornette	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	obj	_	_
20	à	à	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	deux	deux	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	compound	_	_
22	rangs	rang	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	]	]	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	16	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **translate** | present |  | the French cornettes |  |  |  | à deux rangs; accurately *property* | vn turn-26.6.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cornette=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Very early the oval-shaped door-flaps were thrust aside and many brown faces peered out of the wigwams toward the top of the highest bluff.

<!-- .note -->
From Old Indian Legends.

<!-- fold The tree, 26 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:emode:flaps:x3:1
# text = Very early the oval-shaped door-flaps were thrust aside and many brown faces peered out of the wigwams toward the top of the highest bluff.
1	Very	very	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	early	early	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	11	advmod	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
4	oval	oval	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	shaped	shaped	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
7	door	door	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	flaps	flap	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nsubj	_	_
10	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
11	thrust	thrust	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	_
12	aside	aside	ADV	RB	_	17	advmod	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
14	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
15	brown	brown	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	faces	face	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	nsubj	_	_
17	peered	peer	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
18	out	out	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
19	of	of	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	wigwams	wigwam	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	obl	_	_
22	toward	toward	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	top	top	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	_
25	of	of	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
27	highest	high	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	28	amod	_	_
28	bluff	bluff	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	17	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | the oval shaped door flaps | thrust |  |  |  | early *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **peer** | past | many brown faces |  |  |  |  | toward the top of the highest bluff; out the wigwams; aside *property* | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent out wigwam=Theme |

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**Text:** the Early Modern English dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova; its examples quote public-domain texts. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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