---
title: froward — Early Modern English dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «froward» in the Early Modern English dictionary: stubborn, awkward, and refusing to do what is right or wanted. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# froward

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** refusing, He, I, end, they · **What happens:** refuse, not do, be, want, say, hide · **To what, where:** face, faithfulness, last, check, froward tongue · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«froward» in the Early Modern English dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 2 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [froward in the Early Modern English dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/emode/w/froward.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
stubborn, awkward, and refusing to do what is right or wanted.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:emode:froward:m1:1
# text = stubborn, awkward, and refusing to do what is right or wanted.
1	stubborn	stubborn	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
3	awkward	awkward	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
6	refusing	refuse	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	11	csubj	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	xcomp	_	_
9	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	8	obj	_	_
10	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
11	right	right	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	conj	_	_
12	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	wanted	want	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **refuse** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn reject-77.2 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 2 | **not** **do** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Eventuality |
| 3 | **is** | present | refusing |  |  |  |  | right *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **want** | past | refusing *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Pivot |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And He said: 'I will hide My face from them, I will see what their end shall be; for they are a very froward generation, children in whom is no faithfulness.

<!-- .note -->
From Torah DEU.32.20, JPS 1917.

<!-- fold The tree, 31 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:emode:froward:x1:1
# text = And He said: 'I will hide My face from them, I will see what their end shall be; for they are a very froward generation, children in whom is no faithfulness.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	8	punct	_	_
5	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
7	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
8	hide	hide	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	ccomp	_	_
9	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	face	face	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
11	from	from	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
14	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj	_	_
15	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	16	aux	_	_
16	see	see	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	conj	_	_
17	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	21	obj	_	_
18	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	19	nmod:poss	_	_
19	end	end	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	nsubj	_	_
20	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	21	aux	_	_
21	be	be	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	16	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	29	punct	_	_
23	for	for	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
24	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	29	nsubj	_	_
25	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	29	cop	_	_
26	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
27	very	very	ADV	RB	_	28	advmod	_	_
28	froward	froward	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	29	amod	_	_
29	generation	generation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	31	punct	_	_
31	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	29	conj	_	_
32	in	in	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
33	whom	whom	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	36	obl	_	_
34	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	36	cop	_	_
35	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	36	det	_	_
36	faithfulness	faithfulness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | He |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **hide** | future | I | My face |  |  |  | from them *= they* | vn concealment-16-1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent face=Patient from they=Beneficiary |
| 3 | **see** | future | I |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V how S\_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 4 | **be** | shall | their end |  |  |  |  |  | vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot what=Theme |
| 5 | **is** | present | they |  |  |  | for a froward generation and children |  | tree rules |
| 6 | **is a** | present |  | no faithfulness |  |  |  | in children | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"Enough! woman," he cried at last; "put a check upon thy froward tongue!

<!-- .note -->
From The Fairy Tales of Charles Perrault.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:emode:froward:x2:1
# text = "Enough! woman," he cried at last; "put a check upon thy froward tongue!
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Enough	enough	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
4	woman	woman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	8	punct	_	_
7	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	cried	cry	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	at	at	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	last	last	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	put	put	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	conj	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	check	check	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	_
16	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
17	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	19	nmod:poss	_	_
18	froward	froward	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
19	tongue	tongue	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cry** *speech: express* | past | he |  |  | last |  |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **put** *in a quote* | infinitive | he *not said here* | a check |  | thy froward tongue |  |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent check=Theme upon tongue=Destination |

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**Text:** the Early Modern English dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova; its examples quote public-domain texts. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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