--- title: hark — Early Modern English dictionary · trees and pragmatics description: «hark» in the Early Modern English dictionary: listen, pay attention. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/emode/H/hark/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [dictionaries](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/) / [Early Modern English dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/emode/) / [H](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/emode/H/) / hark # hark **Who acts:** you, Hark, raging · **What happens:** listen, pay, not be, buzzing, be, sound · **To what, where:** attention, rolling sea «hark» in the Early Modern English dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 3 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [hark in the Early Modern English dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/emode/w/hark.md). ## Meaning 1 {#m1} listen, pay attention. ```conllu # sent_id = dict:emode:hark:m1:1 # text = listen, pay attention. 1 listen listen VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ SpaceAfter=No 2 , , PUNCT , _ 3 punct _ _ 3 pay pay VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 1 conj _ _ 4 attention attention NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 5 . . PUNCT . _ 1 punct _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **listen** | imperative | you *not said here* | | | | | | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **pay** | infinitive | you *not said here* | attention | | | | | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent attention=Asset | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## Example 1 {#x1} Hark! is not that the wind rising? From The Violet Fairy Book. ```conllu # sent_id = dict:emode:hark:x1:1 # text = Hark! is not that the wind rising? 1 Hark Hark PROPN NNP Number=Sing 8 nsubj _ SpaceAfter=No 2 ! ! PUNCT . _ 1 punct _ _ 3 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 8 cop _ _ 4 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 8 advmod _ _ 5 that that SCONJ IN _ 8 mark _ _ 6 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 7 wind wind NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 nsubj _ _ 8 rising rise VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 0 root _ SpaceAfter=No 9 ? ? PUNCT . _ 8 punct _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **not** **is** | present | Hark | | | | | rise *property* | tree rules | ## Example 2 {#x2} Hark, what a buzzing and humming there is!" From Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen. ```conllu # sent_id = dict:emode:hark:x2:1 # text = Hark, what a buzzing and humming there is!" 1 Hark Hark PROPN NNP Number=Sing 9 nsubj _ SpaceAfter=No 2 , , PUNCT , _ 5 punct _ _ 3 what what PRON WP PronType=Int 5 nsubj _ _ 4 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 5 buzzing buzzing NOUN NN Number=Sing 1 appos _ _ 6 and and CCONJ CC _ 7 cc _ _ 7 humming humming NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 conj _ _ 8 there there PRON EX PronType=Dem 9 expl _ _ 9 is be VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ SpaceAfter=No 10 ! ! PUNCT . _ 9 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 11 " " PUNCT '' _ 9 punct _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **buzzing** | | Hark | | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **be** | present | Hark | | | there | | | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ## Example 3 {#x3} Hark to the raging of the angry wind, sounding above the rolling sea! From Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen. ```conllu # sent_id = dict:emode:hark:x3:1 # text = Hark to the raging of the angry wind, sounding above the rolling sea! 1 Hark Hark PROPN NNP Number=Sing 4 nsubj _ _ 2 to to ADP IN _ 4 case _ _ 3 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 4 raging raging NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 5 of of ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 6 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 7 angry angry ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 8 amod _ _ 8 wind wind NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 9 , , PUNCT , _ 10 punct _ _ 10 sounding sound VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 4 acl _ _ 11 above above ADP IN _ 14 case _ _ 12 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 14 det _ _ 13 rolling roll VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 14 amod _ _ 14 sea sea NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 15 ! ! PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **sound** | gerund | the raging of the angry wind *not said here* | | | the rolling sea | | | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme above sea=Location | | 2 | **roll** | gerund | | | | | | | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | **Text:** the Early Modern English dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova; its examples quote public-domain texts. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. 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