---
title: hearken — Early Modern English dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «hearken» in the Early Modern English dictionary: to listen carefully; in the Torah it means to obey. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# hearken

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** it, they, Tsar, LORD · **What happens:** listen, mean, obey, hearken, cry · **To what, where:** Torah · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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«hearken» in the Early Modern English dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 3 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [hearken in the Early Modern English dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/emode/w/hearken.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
to listen carefully; in the Torah it means to obey.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:emode:hearken:m1:1
# text = to listen carefully; in the Torah it means to obey.
1	to	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	listen	listen	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	advcl	_	_
3	carefully	carefully	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
8	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	to	to	PART	TO	_	11	mark	_	_
11	obey	obey	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **listen** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | carefully *property* | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **mean** | present | it |  |  | the Torah |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **obey** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn abide\_by-93.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And they shall hearken to thy voice.

<!-- .note -->
From Torah EXO.3.18, JPS 1917.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:emode:hearken:x1:1
# text = And they shall hearken to thy voice.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
2	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
3	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	hearken	hearken	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	voice	voice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hearken** | shall | they |  |  |  |  | to thy voice | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"Well, then, hearken now!" cried the Tsar.

<!-- .note -->
From Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:emode:hearken:x2:1
# text = "Well, then, hearken now!" cried the Tsar.
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Well	well	INTJ	UH	_	6	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	6	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
6	hearken	hearken	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	10	parataxis	_	_
7	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	6	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	6	punct	_	_
10	cried	cry	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	Tsar	Tsar	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hearken** *in a quote* | infinitive |  |  |  |  | then; now |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **cry** *speech: express* | past | the Tsar |  |  |  |  |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
But the LORD hearkened unto me that time also.

<!-- .note -->
From Torah DEU.9.19, JPS 1917.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:emode:hearken:x3:1
# text = But the LORD hearkened unto me that time also.
1	But	but	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	hearkened	hearken	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	obl	_	_
7	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	8	det	_	_
8	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl:unmarked	_	_
9	also	also	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hearken** | past | the LORD |  |  |  | time | unto me | tree rules |

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**Text:** the Early Modern English dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova; its examples quote public-domain texts. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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