---
title: heave — Early Modern English dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «heave» in the Early Modern English dictionary: to lift, pull or push something heavy with great effort. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/emode/H/heave/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [dictionaries](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/) / [Early Modern English dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/emode/) / [H](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/emode/H/) / heave

# heave

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** you, right thigh, your, we, children · **What happens:** lift, pull, push, give, offer, sacrifice · **To what, where:** something, sacrifices, peace offerings, Avast belay, shot, children · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«heave» in the Early Modern English dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 3 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [heave in the Early Modern English dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/emode/w/heave.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
to lift, pull or push something heavy with great effort.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:emode:heave:m1:1
# text = to lift, pull or push something heavy with great effort.
1	to	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	lift	lift	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
4	pull	pull	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	push	push	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
7	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	6	obj	_	_
8	heavy	heavy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
9	with	with	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	effort	effort	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lift** | to-infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **pull** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn slide-11.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **push** | infinitive | you *not said here* | something |  |  |  |  | vn carry-11.4-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And the right thigh shall ye give unto the priest for a heave-offering out of your sacrifices of peace-offerings.

<!-- .note -->
From Torah LEV.7.32, JPS 1917.

<!-- fold The tree, 21 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:emode:heave:x1:1
# text = And the right thigh shall ye give unto the priest for a heave-offering out of your sacrifices of peace-offerings.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	right	right	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	thigh	thigh	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
5	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
6	ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	7	nsubj	_	_
7	give	give	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
8	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	priest	priest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
11	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	15	mark	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
13	heave	heave	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	offering	offer	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	7	advcl	_	_
16	out	out	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
17	of	of	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	19	nmod:poss	_	_
19	sacrifices	sacrifice	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	obl	_	_
20	of	of	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
21	peace	peace	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	21	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	offerings	offering	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | shall | the right thigh |  |  |  |  | unto the priest | vn break\_down-45.8 «NP V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **offer** | gerund | the right thigh *not said here* |  |  | your sacrifices of peace offerings |  |  | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **sacrifice** |  | your | peace offerings |  |  |  |  | nom sacrifice «act transitive»: poss=agent of=patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
“Avast belay, yo ho, heave to, A-pirating we go, And if we’re parted by a shot We’re sure to meet below!”

<!-- .note -->
From Peter Pan.

<!-- fold The tree, 24 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:emode:heave:x2:1
# text = “Avast belay, yo ho, heave to, A-pirating we go, And if we’re parted by a shot We’re sure to meet below!”
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Avast	avast	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	belay	belay	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
5	yo	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Slng	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	ho	ho	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	heave	heave	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	pirating	pirate	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	8	advcl	_	_
14	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj	_	_
15	go	go	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
17	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
18	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	20	mark	_	_
19	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	20	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	’re	be	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	21	advcl	_	_
21	parted	part	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	parataxis	_	_
22	by	by	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	shot	shot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obl	_	_
25	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	26	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	’re	're	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	24	acl:relcl	_	_
27	sure	sure	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	26	xcomp	_	_
28	to	to	PART	TO	_	29	mark	_	_
29	meet	meet	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	27	xcomp	_	_
30	below	below	ADV	RB	_	29	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	21	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	21	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **heave** *in a quote* | present |  | Avast belay and yo's ho |  |  |  |  | vn push-12 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **pirate** *in a quote* | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **go** *in a quote* | present | we |  |  |  |  |  | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **be** *a condition, not said to happen, in a quote* | present | we |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 5 | **part** *in a quote* | participle |  |  |  |  |  | by a shot | vn separate-23.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient |
| 6 | **'re** *in a quote* | past | We | a shot *not said here* |  |  |  | sure *property* | tree rules |
| 7 | **meet** *in a quote* | to-infinitive | We *not said here* |  |  |  |  | below *property* | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And every heave-offering of all the holy things of the children of Israel, which they present unto the priest, shall be his.

<!-- .note -->
From Torah NUM.5.9, JPS 1917.

<!-- fold The tree, 23 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:emode:heave:x3:1
# text = And every heave-offering of all the holy things of the children of Israel, which they present unto the priest, shall be his.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
2	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	5	det	_	_
3	heave	heave	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	offering	offering	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
7	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	10	det:predet	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	holy	holy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nmod	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	Israel	Israel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
17	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	19	obj	_	_
18	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	nsubj	_	_
19	present	present	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	acl:relcl	_	_
20	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	priest	priest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
24	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	26	aux	_	_
25	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	26	cop	_	_
26	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **present** | present | children *= child* | the children of Israel |  |  |  | unto the priest | vn fulfilling-13.4.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent which=Theme |
| 2 | **is a** | shall |  | Israel |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **offer** |  |  | all holy things of the children of Israel |  |  |  |  | nom offering «communication transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Early Modern English dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova; its examples quote public-domain texts. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [hearken](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/emode/H/hearken/)
- next →: [heed](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/emode/H/heed/)
- ↑ back to [H in Early Modern English dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/emode/H/)