---
title: knapsack — Early Modern English dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «knapsack» in the Early Modern English dictionary: A bag carried on the back for food and things on a journey. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# knapsack

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** I, He, Raven, student · **What happens:** carry, fill, have, say, take, betake · **To what, where:** bag, back, knapsack, pouch, little knapsack, student · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«knapsack» in the Early Modern English dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 3 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [knapsack in the Early Modern English dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/emode/w/knapsack.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A bag carried on the back for food and things on a journey.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:emode:knapsack:m1:1
# text = A bag carried on the back for food and things on a journey.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	bag	bag	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	carried	carry	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	back	back	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	conj	_	_
11	on	on	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	journey	journey	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **carry** | participle · passive |  | a bag |  | the back for food and things on a journey |  |  | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I will fill your knapsack—I will fill your pouch.’

<!-- .note -->
From The Crimson Fairy Book.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:emode:knapsack:x1:1
# text = I will fill your knapsack—I will fill your pouch.’
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	fill	fill	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	knapsack	knapsack	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
8	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
9	fill	fill	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	conj	_	_
10	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	pouch	pouch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	’	'	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fill** | future | I | your knapsack |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent knapsack=Patient |
| 2 | **fill** | future | I | your pouch |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent pouch=Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
“He had a little knapsack at his back,” said the Raven.

<!-- .note -->
From Andersen's Fairy Tales.

<!-- fold The tree, 11 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:emode:knapsack:x2:1
# text = “He had a little knapsack at his back,” said the Raven.
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	ccomp	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	knapsack	knapsack	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	at	at	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	back	back	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
12	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	Raven	Raven	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	12	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** *in a quote* | past | He | a little knapsack |  | his back |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent knapsack=Patient |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the Raven |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The student took his knapsack and betook himself to the ferry-house.

<!-- .note -->
From Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:emode:knapsack:x3:1
# text = The student took his knapsack and betook himself to the ferry-house.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	student	student	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	knapsack	knapsack	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	betook	betake	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
8	himself	himself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	7	obj	_	_
9	to	to	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
11	ferry	ferry	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	house	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | past | the student | student's knapsack |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent knapsack=Theme |
| 2 | **betake** | past | the student *not said here* | student |  |  |  | to the ferry house | tree rules |

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**Text:** the Early Modern English dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova; its examples quote public-domain texts. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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