---
title: mediæval — Early Modern English dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «mediæval» in the Early Modern English dictionary: Of the Middle Ages. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# mediæval

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Fables, modern story · **What happens:** not be, travel, show · **To what, where:** appearance, remarkable persistence

<!-- .vabout -->
«mediæval» in the Early Modern English dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 3 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [mediæval in the Early Modern English dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/emode/w/medi_e6val.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Of the Middle Ages.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:emode:medi_e6val:m1:1
# text = Of the Middle Ages.
1	Of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	Middle	Middle	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	flat	_	_
4	Ages	Age	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
12 (return) \[ Post-mediæval Preachers, by S.

<!-- .note -->
From Three hundred Aesop’s fables / Translated by George Fyler Townsend.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:emode:medi_e6val:x1:1
# text = 12 (return) [ Post-mediæval Preachers, by S.
1	12	12	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	7	nummod	_	_
2	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	return	return	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
5	[	[	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	7	punct	_	_
6	Post-mediæval	post-mediæval	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	Preachers	preacher	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	by	by	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	S.	S.	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
11 (return) \[ Fables may possibly have been not entirely unknown to the mediæval scholars.

<!-- .note -->
From Three hundred Aesop’s fables / Translated by George Fyler Townsend.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:emode:medi_e6val:x2:1
# text = 11 (return) [ Fables may possibly have been not entirely unknown to the mediæval scholars.
1	11	11	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	0	root	_	_
2	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	return	return	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
5	[	[	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	13	punct	_	_
6	Fables	fable	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	nsubj	_	_
7	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	13	aux	_	_
8	possibly	possibly	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
9	have	have	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	aux	_	_
10	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	13	cop	_	_
11	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	13	advmod	_	_
12	entirely	entirely	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
13	unknown	unknown	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	conj	_	_
14	to	to	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
16	mediæval	mediæval	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	scholars	scholar	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **is** | may · perfect | Fables |  |  |  |  | to the mediæval scholars; entirely, possibly, unknown *property* | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Remarks.--Apart from the interest of its wide travels, and its appearance in the standard mediæval History of England by Matthew Paris, the modern story shows the remarkable persistence of folk-tales in the popular mind.

<!-- .note -->
From Indian Fairy Tales.

<!-- fold The tree, 36 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:emode:medi_e6val:x3:1
# text = Remarks.--Apart from the interest of its wide travels, and its appearance in the standard mediæval History of England by Matthew Paris, the modern story shows the remarkable persistence of folk-tales in the popular mind.
1	Remarks	remark	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	--	--	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	Apart	apart	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	interest	interest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	conj	_	_
8	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	11	mark	_	_
9	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
10	wide	wide	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	travels	travel	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
14	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	15	nmod:poss	_	_
15	appearance	appearance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
16	in	in	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
18	standard	standard	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
19	mediæval	mediæval	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	compound	_	_
20	History	history	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	_
21	of	of	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	England	England	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	20	nmod	_	_
23	by	by	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
24	Matthew	Matthew	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	_
25	Paris	Paris	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	24	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
28	modern	modern	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	29	amod	_	_
29	story	story	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	nsubj	_	_
30	shows	show	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	24	acl:relcl	_	_
31	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	33	det	_	_
32	remarkable	remarkable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	33	amod	_	_
33	persistence	persistence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	obj	_	_
34	of	of	ADP	IN	_	37	case	_	_
35	folk	folk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	37	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	35	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	tales	tale	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	33	nmod	_	_
38	in	in	ADP	IN	_	41	case	_	_
39	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	41	det	_	_
40	popular	popular	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	41	amod	_	_
41	mind	mind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	37	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
42	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **travel** | present |  | interest's appearance in the standard mediæval History of England by Matthew |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **show** | present | the modern story | the remarkable persistence of folk tales in the popular mind |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent persistence=Recipient |

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**Text:** the Early Modern English dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova; its examples quote public-domain texts. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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