---
title: needst — Early Modern English dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «needst» in the Early Modern English dictionary: «needst» means «you need», a form of «need». Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/emode/N/needst/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [dictionaries](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/) / [Early Modern English dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/emode/) / [N](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/emode/N/) / needst

# needst

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** needst, you, that, She, thou, Arthur · **What happens:** mean, need, form, be, have, not do · **To what, where:** need, something, it, one little sheaf, needst, me · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«needst» in the Early Modern English dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 2 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [needst in the Early Modern English dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/emode/w/needst.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«needst» means «you need», a form of «need».

<!-- fold The tree, 8 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:emode:needst:m1:1
# text = «needst» means «you need», a form of «need».
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	needst	needst	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
4	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	need	need	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	form	form	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	parataxis	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	need	need	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | needst |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **need** *in a quote* | present | you |  |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Pivot |
| 3 | **form** |  |  | need |  |  |  |  | nom form «communication transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To need something is to have to have it, because you cannot do well without it.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:emode:needst:m1e:1
# text = To need something is to have to have it, because you cannot do well without it.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	need	need	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	advcl	_	_
3	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	obj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	have	have	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	have	have	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	xcomp	_	_
9	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
11	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	15	mark	_	_
12	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj	_	_
13	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	15	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	15	advmod	_	_
15	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	conj	_	_
16	well	well	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	15	advmod	_	_
17	without	without	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **need** | to-infinitive |  | something |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot something=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | have *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **have** | to-infinitive |  | it |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient |
| 4 | **not** **do** | can | you |  |  |  |  | without it; well *property* | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Leave one little sheaf behind; more than that thou needst not leave, but that thou must leave.

<!-- .note -->
From Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:emode:needst:x1:1
# text = Leave one little sheaf behind; more than that thou needst not leave, but that thou must leave.
1	Leave	leave	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
3	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	sheaf	sheaf	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	behind	behind	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	7	punct	_	_
7	more	more	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	1	obj	_	_
8	than	than	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	7	obl	_	_
10	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	7	nsubj	_	_
11	needst	needst	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
12	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	13	advmod	_	_
13	leave	leave	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
15	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
16	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	19	nsubj	_	_
17	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	19	nsubj	_	_
18	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	19	aux	_	_
19	leave	leave	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leave** | imperative | you *not said here* | one little sheaf |  |  |  | behind *property* | vn sustain-55.6-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Agent sheaf=Theme more=Attribute |
| 2 | **not** **leave** | infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **leave** | must | that |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"She is thine, but therefore needst thou not thank me, but Arthur who hath accomplished this for thee.

<!-- .note -->
From Celtic Fairy Tales.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:emode:needst:x2:1
# text = "She is thine, but therefore needst thou not thank me, but Arthur who hath accomplished this for thee.
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
4	thine	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	8	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
6	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
7	therefore	therefore	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	needst	needst	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
9	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	11	nsubj	_	_
10	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	11	advmod	_	_
11	thank	thank	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	parataxis	_	_
12	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
14	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
15	Arthur	Arthur	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	nsubj	_	_
16	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	17	nsubj	_	_
17	hath	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	conj	_	_
18	accomplished	accomplish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	19	amod	_	_
19	this	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	17	obj	_	_
20	for	for	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	thee	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	17	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** *in a quote* | present | She | thine needst |  |  |  | therefore *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **not** **thank** *speech: thank* *in a quote* | present | thou |  | me |  |  |  | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent i=Theme |
| 3 | **have** *in a quote* | present | Arthur | this |  |  |  | for thee | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent this=Patient |
| 4 | **accomplish** *in a quote* | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn complete-55.2 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Early Modern English dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova; its examples quote public-domain texts. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [needeth](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/emode/N/needeth/)
- next →: [neither](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/emode/N/neither/)
- ↑ back to [N in Early Modern English dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/emode/N/)