---
title: nigh — Early Modern English dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «nigh» in the Early Modern English dictionary: Close by, in place or in time. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# nigh

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**Who acts:** thou, Art, children · **What happens:** draw, fight, proclaim, unobserv, bring, not come · **To what, where:** peace, Art, tent, sin

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«nigh» in the Early Modern English dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 3 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [nigh in the Early Modern English dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/emode/w/nigh.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Close by, in place or in time.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:emode:nigh:m1:1
# text = Close by, in place or in time.
1	Close	close	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
2	by	by	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
When thou drawest nigh unto a city to fight against it, then proclaim peace unto it.

<!-- .note -->
From Torah DEU.20.10, JPS 1917.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:emode:nigh:x1:1
# text = When thou drawest nigh unto a city to fight against it, then proclaim peace unto it.
1	When	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	3	advmod	_	_
2	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	3	nsubj	_	_
3	drawest	draw	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	nigh	nigh	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	city	city	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	fight	fight	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	advcl	_	_
10	against	against	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
13	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	14	advmod	_	_
14	proclaim	proclaim	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	conj	_	_
15	peace	peace	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	_
16	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **draw** | present | thou |  |  |  |  | unto a city; nigh *property* | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **fight** | to-infinitive | thou *not said here* |  |  |  |  | against city | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **proclaim** | infinitive | thou *not said here* | peace |  |  | then | unto peace | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent peace=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Art drew nigh unobserved and brought him low.

<!-- .note -->
From Irish Fairy Tales.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:emode:nigh:x2:1
# text = Art drew nigh unobserved and brought him low.
1	Art	Art	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	drew	draw	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	nigh	nigh	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	unobserved	unobserv	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	brought	bring	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
7	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	obj	_	_
8	low	low	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	6	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **unobserv** | past | Art |  |  |  |  | nigh *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **bring** | past | Art *not said here* |  | Art |  |  | low *property* | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Instrument he=Destination |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And henceforth the children of Israel shall not come nigh the tent of meeting, lest they bear sin, and die.

<!-- .note -->
From Torah NUM.18.22, JPS 1917.

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:emode:nigh:x3:1
# text = And henceforth the children of Israel shall not come nigh the tent of meeting, lest they bear sin, and die.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
2	henceforth	henceforth	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nsubj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	Israel	Israel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
7	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
8	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	9	advmod	_	_
9	come	come	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
10	nigh	nigh	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	tent	tent	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	meeting	meeting	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
16	lest	lest	SCONJ	IN	_	18	mark	_	_
17	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	nsubj	_	_
18	bear	bear	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	parataxis	_	_
19	sin	sin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
22	die	die	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	18	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **come** | shall | the children of Israel | the tent of meeting |  |  |  | henceforth, nigh *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location tent=Theme |
| 2 | **bear** | present | children *= child* | sin |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sin=Patient |
| 3 | **die** | infinitive | children *= child* *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |

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**Text:** the Early Modern English dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova; its examples quote public-domain texts. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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