---
title: saidst — Early Modern English dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «saidst» in the Early Modern English dictionary: «saidst» means «you said», a form of «say»: To say is to speak words: «Say hello.». Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# saidst

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** you, form, words, thou, I, ye · **What happens:** say, mean, be, bring down, set, except · **To what, where:** him, mine, youngest brother, face, thee, seed · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«saidst» in the Early Modern English dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 3 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [saidst in the Early Modern English dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/emode/w/saidst.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«saidst» means «you said», a form of «say»: To say is to speak words: «Say hello.».

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:emode:saidst:m1:1
# text = «saidst» means «you said», a form of «say»: To say is to speak words: «Say hello.».
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	saidst	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
4	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	form	form	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	parataxis	_	_
12	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	14	mark	_	_
13	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	say	say	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	18	punct	_	_
17	To	to	PART	TO	_	18	mark	_	_
18	say	say	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
19	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	21	cop	_	_
20	to	to	PART	TO	_	21	mark	_	_
21	speak	speak	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	18	ccomp	_	_
22	words	word	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	25	punct	_	_
24	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	25	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	Say	say	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	18	conj	_	_
26	hello	hello	INTJ	UH	_	25	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* *in a quote* | past |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **say** *speech: assert* *in a quote* | past | you |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **say** *speech: assert* *in a quote* | infinitive | a form *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **say** *speech: assert* | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V how S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 6 | **is** | present | words |  |  |  |  | speak *property* | tree rules |
| 7 | **say** *speech: assert* *in a quote* | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent hello=Topic |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And thou saidst unto thy servants: Bring him down unto me, that I may set mine eyes upon him.

<!-- .note -->
From Torah GEN.44.21, JPS 1917.

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:emode:saidst:x1:1
# text = And thou saidst unto thy servants: Bring him down unto me, that I may set mine eyes upon him.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	3	nsubj	_	_
3	saidst	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	servants	servant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	8	punct	_	_
8	Bring	bring	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	conj	_	_
9	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	obj	_	_
10	down	down	ADP	RP	_	8	compound:prt	_	_
11	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
14	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	17	mark	_	_
15	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj	_	_
16	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	17	aux	_	_
17	set	set	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	conj	_	_
18	mine	my	PRON	PRP	Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	17	obj	_	_
19	eyes	eye	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	obj	_	_
20	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | thou |  |  |  |  | unto thy servants | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **bring down** | infinitive | thou *not said here* |  | him *= he* |  |  | unto me | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Instrument he=Destination |
| 3 | **set** | may | I | mine |  |  |  | upon him *= he* | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Agent my=Theme eye=Destination |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And thou saidst unto thy servants: Except your youngest brother come down with you, ye shall see my face no more.

<!-- .note -->
From Torah GEN.44.23, JPS 1917.

<!-- fold The tree, 21 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:emode:saidst:x2:1
# text = And thou saidst unto thy servants: Except your youngest brother come down with you, ye shall see my face no more.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	3	nsubj	_	_
3	saidst	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	servants	servant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	8	punct	_	_
8	Except	except	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	conj	_	_
9	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
10	youngest	young	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	11	amod	_	_
11	brother	brother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
12	come	come	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	xcomp	_	_
13	down	down	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
14	with	with	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
17	ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	19	nsubj	_	_
18	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	19	aux	_	_
19	see	see	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	conj	_	_
20	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	21	nmod:poss	_	_
21	face	face	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obj	_	_
22	no	no	ADV	RB	_	23	advmod	_	_
23	more	more	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	19	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | thou |  |  |  |  | unto thy servants | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **except** | infinitive | thou *not said here* | your youngest brother |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **come down** | infinitive | thou *not said here* |  |  |  |  | with you; down *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **see** | shall | ye | my face |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer face=Stimulus |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And Thou saidst: I will surely do thee good, and make thy seed as the sand of the sea, which cannot be numbered for multitude.'

<!-- .note -->
From Torah GEN.32.12, JPS 1917.

<!-- fold The tree, 26 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:emode:saidst:x3:1
# text = And Thou saidst: I will surely do thee good, and make thy seed as the sand of the sea, which cannot be numbered for multitude.'
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	Thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	3	nsubj	_	_
3	saidst	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	8	punct	_	_
5	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
6	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
7	surely	surely	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	ccomp	_	_
9	thee	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	8	obj	_	_
10	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	conj	_	_
14	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	15	nmod:poss	_	_
15	seed	seed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	_
16	as	as	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	sand	sand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
19	of	of	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
23	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	27	nsubj:pass	_	_
24	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	27	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	27	advmod	_	_
26	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	27	aux:pass	_	_
27	numbered	number	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	18	acl	_	_
28	for	for	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
29	multitude	multitude	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Thou |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **do** | future | I | thee |  |  |  | surely *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **make** | infinitive | I *not said here* | thy seed |  |  |  | as the sand of the sea | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset seed=Product |
| 4 | **not** **number** | can · passive |  | the sand of the sea |  |  |  | for multitude | vn classify-29.10 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

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**Text:** the Early Modern English dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova; its examples quote public-domain texts. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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