---
title: shalt — Early Modern English dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «shalt» in the Early Modern English dictionary: You will, or you must (used as a command or promise). Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# shalt

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**Who acts:** thou · **What happens:** use, make, not turn away · **To what, where:** You, settings, Thou, thee

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«shalt» in the Early Modern English dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 3 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [shalt in the Early Modern English dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/emode/w/shalt.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
You will, or you must (used as a command or promise).

<!-- fold The tree, 11 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:emode:shalt:m1:1
# text = You will, or you must (used as a command or promise).
1	You	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
2	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
4	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
5	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj:pass	_	_
6	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
7	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
9	as	as	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	command	command	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
12	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	promise	promise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | must · future · passive |  | You |  |  |  | as a command or promise | vn spend\_time-104 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: subject=Duration as command=Attribute |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And thou shalt make settings of gold;

<!-- .note -->
From Torah EXO.28.13, JPS 1917.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:emode:shalt:x1:1
# text = And thou shalt make settings of gold;
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
2	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	4	nsubj	_	_
3	shalt	shall	AUX	MD	Style=Arch|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	settings	setting	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	gold	gold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | shall | thou | settings of gold |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset setting=Product |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Thou shalt not be turned away.

<!-- .note -->
From Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:emode:shalt:x2:1
# text = Thou shalt not be turned away.
1	Thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	5	nsubj	_	_
2	shalt	shall	AUX	MD	Style=Arch|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
3	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	5	advmod	_	_
4	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	turned	turn	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	away	away	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **turn away** | shall · passive |  | Thou |  |  |  | away *property* | vn banish-10.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Thou shalt make thee no molten gods.

<!-- .note -->
From Torah EXO.34.17, JPS 1917.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:emode:shalt:x3:1
# text = Thou shalt make thee no molten gods.
1	Thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	3	nsubj	_	_
2	shalt	shall	AUX	MD	Style=Arch|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	thee	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	3	obj	_	_
5	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	7	det	_	_
6	molten	molten	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	gods	god	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | shall | Thou | thee |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP NP»: agent=Asset thou=Beneficiary god=Product |

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**Text:** the Early Modern English dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova; its examples quote public-domain texts. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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