---
title: smitten — Early Modern English dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «smitten» in the Early Modern English dictionary: Hit hard or struck down. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# smitten

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** you, LORD, wheat · **What happens:** hit, strike down, fulfil, smite, not smite, ripen · **To what, where:** seven days, river, he, wheat

<!-- .vabout -->
«smitten» in the Early Modern English dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 3 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [smitten in the Early Modern English dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/emode/w/smitten.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Hit hard or struck down.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:emode:smitten:m1:1
# text = Hit hard or struck down.
1	Hit	hit	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	hard	hard	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	1	advmod	_	_
3	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	struck	strike	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	1	conj	_	_
5	down	down	ADP	RP	_	4	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hit** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | hard *property* | vn contiguous\_location-47.8-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **strike down** | participle | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And seven days were fulfilled, after that the LORD had smitten the river.

<!-- .note -->
From Torah EXO.7.25, JPS 1917.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:emode:smitten:x1:1
# text = And seven days were fulfilled, after that the LORD had smitten the river.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
2	seven	seven	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	3	nummod	_	_
3	days	day	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	fulfilled	fulfil	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
7	after	after	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
8	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
11	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	_
12	smitten	smite	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	5	conj	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	river	river	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fulfil** | past · passive |  | seven days |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **smite** | past · perfect | the LORD | the river |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus river=Experiencer |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"At that time he was quite smitten with Charlotte.

<!-- .note -->
From Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:emode:smitten:x2:1
# text = "At that time he was quite smitten with Charlotte.
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	At	at	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	4	det	_	_
4	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
5	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
6	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux:pass	_	_
7	quite	quite	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	smitten	smite	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
9	with	with	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	Charlotte	Charlotte	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **smite** *in a quote* | past · passive |  | he |  |  | time | with Charlotte | vn hit-18.1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: subject=Patient with charlotte=Instrument |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
But the wheat and the spelt were not smitten; for they ripen late. —

<!-- .note -->
From Torah EXO.9.32, JPS 1917.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:emode:smitten:x3:1
# text = But the wheat and the spelt were not smitten; for they ripen late. —
1	But	but	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	wheat	wheat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	spelt	spelt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
7	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux:pass	_	_
8	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	9	advmod	_	_
9	smitten	smite	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
12	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
13	ripen	ripen	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	conj	_	_
14	late	late	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	13	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
16	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **smite** | past · passive |  | the wheat and the spelt |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Experiencer |
| 2 | **ripen** | present | wheat |  |  |  |  | late *property* | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

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**Text:** the Early Modern English dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova; its examples quote public-domain texts. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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