---
title: smote — Early Modern English dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «smote» in the Early Modern English dictionary: Hit hard or struck down, in the past. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# smote

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** you, LORD, people, calf, Beetle, land · **What happens:** hit, strike down, smite, make, smote, be · **To what, where:** past, people, calf, land, cattle

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«smote» in the Early Modern English dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 3 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [smote in the Early Modern English dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/emode/w/smote.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Hit hard or struck down, in the past.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:emode:smote:m1:1
# text = Hit hard or struck down, in the past.
1	Hit	hit	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	hard	hard	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	1	advmod	_	_
3	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	struck	strike	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	1	conj	_	_
5	down	down	ADP	RP	_	4	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	past	past	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hit** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  | the past |  | hard *property* | vn contiguous\_location-47.8-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **strike down** | participle | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And the LORD smote the people, because they made the calf, which Aaron made.

<!-- .note -->
From Torah EXO.32.35, JPS 1917.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:emode:smote:x1:1
# text = And the LORD smote the people, because they made the calf, which Aaron made.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	smote	smite	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
9	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
10	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	calf	calf	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
14	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	16	nsubj	_	_
15	Aaron	Aaron	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	nsubj	_	_
16	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **smite** | past | the LORD | the people |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus people=Experiencer |
| 2 | **make** | past | people | the calf |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset calf=Product |
| 3 | **make** | past | the calf |  |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Beetle smote upon the drum.

<!-- .note -->
From Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:emode:smote:x2:1
# text = The Beetle smote upon the drum.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Beetle	Beetle	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	smote	smite	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	drum	drum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **smite** | past | the Beetle |  |  |  |  | upon the drum | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
the land which the LORD smote before the congregation of Israel, is a land for cattle, and thy servants have cattle.'

<!-- .note -->
From Torah NUM.32.4, JPS 1917.

<!-- fold The tree, 21 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:emode:smote:x3:1
# text = the land which the LORD smote before the congregation of Israel, is a land for cattle, and thy servants have cattle.'
1	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	_
3	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	6	nsubj	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	smote	smote	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	acl:relcl	_	_
7	before	before	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	congregation	congregation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	Israel	Israel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
13	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	cop	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
16	for	for	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	cattle	cattle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
20	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	21	nmod:poss	_	_
21	servants	servant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	nsubj	_	_
22	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	parataxis	_	_
23	cattle	cattle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	15	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **smote** |  | the land |  |  |  | before the congregation of Israel |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is a** | present | the land | a land |  |  |  | for cattle | tree rules |
| 3 | **have** | present | thy servants | cattle |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cattle=Patient |

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**Text:** the Early Modern English dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova; its examples quote public-domain texts. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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