---
title: sod — Early Modern English dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «sod» in the Early Modern English dictionary: Boiled, cooked in boiling liquid, in the past. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/emode/S/sod/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [dictionaries](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/) / [Early Modern English dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/emode/) / [S](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/emode/S/) / sod

# sod

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Esau, she, sod, nest, You, I · **What happens:** boil, cook, come in, be, touch, block · **To what, where:** Jacob sod pottage, field, sod, nest, hole, baskets

<!-- .vabout -->
«sod» in the Early Modern English dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 3 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [sod in the Early Modern English dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/emode/w/sod.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Boiled, cooked in boiling liquid, in the past.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:emode:sod:m1:1
# text = Boiled, cooked in boiling liquid, in the past.
1	Boiled	boil	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
3	cooked	cook	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	1	conj	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	boiling	boiling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	liquid	liquid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	past	past	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **boil** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn cooking-45.3 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **cook** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | in the past; in boiling liquid | vn cooking-45.3 «NP V PP.result PP.instrument»: agent=Patient in liquid=Instrument |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And Jacob sod pottage; and Esau came in from the field, and he was faint.

<!-- .note -->
From Torah GEN.25.29, JPS 1917.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:emode:sod:x1:1
# text = And Jacob sod pottage; and Esau came in from the field, and he was faint.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
2	Jacob	Jacob	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
3	sod	sod	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	pottage	pottage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	8	punct	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	Esau	Esau	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
8	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	acl:relcl	_	_
9	in	in	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
10	from	from	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	field	field	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
15	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj	_	_
16	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	17	cop	_	_
17	faint	faint	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come in** | past | Esau | Jacob sod pottage *not said here* |  | the field |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location pottage=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | past | Esau |  |  |  |  | faint *property* | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
So soon as she touches with the root the sod that blocks the nest, it will fly violently out of the hole.

<!-- .note -->
From The Crimson Fairy Book.

<!-- fold The tree, 22 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:emode:sod:x2:1
# text = So soon as she touches with the root the sod that blocks the nest, it will fly violently out of the hole.
1	So	so	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	soon	soon	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	5	advmod	_	_
3	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	5	mark	_	_
4	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
5	touches	touch	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	18	advcl	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	root	root	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	sod	sod	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
11	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	12	nsubj	_	_
12	blocks	block	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	acl:relcl	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	nest	nest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
16	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	nsubj	_	_
17	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	18	aux	_	_
18	fly	fly	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
19	violently	violently	ADV	RB	_	18	advmod	_	_
20	out	out	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
21	of	of	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	hole	hole	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	18	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **touch** | present | she | the sod |  |  |  | with the root; soon *property* | vn touch-20-1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent sod=Experiencer with root=Instrument |
| 2 | **block** | present | the sod | the nest |  |  |  |  | vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer nest=Theme |
| 3 | **fly** | future | nest |  |  | the hole |  | violently *property* | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme out hole=Location |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
You remember the baskets I left there with the sod from Ireland in one and the sod from Scotland in the other; bring me the baskets and sods.”

<!-- .note -->
From Irish Fairy Tales.

<!-- fold The tree, 28 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:emode:sod:x3:1
# text = You remember the baskets I left there with the sod from Ireland in one and the sod from Scotland in the other; bring me the baskets and sods.”
1	You	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	remember	remember	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	baskets	basket	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	left	leave	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	acl:relcl	_	_
7	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	6	advmod	_	_
8	with	with	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	sod	sod	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
11	from	from	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	Ireland	Ireland	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	_
13	in	in	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	6	obl	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	sod	sod	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	conj	_	_
18	from	from	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	Scotland	Scotland	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	nmod	_	_
20	in	in	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	24	punct	_	_
24	bring	bring	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
25	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	24	obj	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	baskets	basket	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	24	obj	_	_
28	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	29	cc	_	_
29	sods	sod	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	27	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **remember** | present | You | the baskets |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent basket=Theme |
| 2 | **leave** | past | I | the baskets *not said here* |  | there |  | with the sod from Ireland; in one and the sod from Scotland in the other | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent basket=Theme in one=Location |
| 3 | **bring** | infinitive | You *not said here* | the baskets and sods | me |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP NP»: agent=Agent i=Destination basket=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Early Modern English dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova; its examples quote public-domain texts. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [smote](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/emode/S/smote/)
- next →: [sodden](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/emode/S/sodden/)
- ↑ back to [S in Early Modern English dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/emode/S/)