---
title: sojourn — Early Modern English dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «sojourn» in the Early Modern English dictionary: To live for a time in a land that is not your own, as a stranger or visitor. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# sojourn

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** land, Abraham, They, inhabitants, stranger, ye · **What happens:** live, not be, sojourn, tell, cross, call · **To what, where:** land, Hungary, mountainous country, German, nothing, stranger · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«sojourn» in the Early Modern English dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 3 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [sojourn in the Early Modern English dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/emode/w/sojourn.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To live for a time in a land that is not your own, as a stranger or visitor.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:emode:sojourn:m1:1
# text = To live for a time in a land that is not your own, as a stranger or visitor.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	live	live	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	for	for	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
9	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	13	nsubj	_	_
10	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	cop	_	_
11	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	13	advmod	_	_
12	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	_
13	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
15	as	as	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	stranger	stranger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
18	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
19	visitor	visitor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **live** | to-infinitive |  |  |  | a land | time | as a stranger or visitor | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in land=Location |
| 2 | **not** **is** | present | a land |  |  |  |  | own *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And Abraham sojourned in the land of the Philistines many days.

<!-- .note -->
From Torah GEN.21.34, JPS 1917.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:emode:sojourn:x1:1
# text = And Abraham sojourned in the land of the Philistines many days.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	Abraham	Abraham	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	sojourned	sojourn	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	Philistines	Philistine	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	_
10	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	days	day	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sojourn** | past | Abraham |  |  | the land of the Philistines | day |  | vn weekend-56 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in land=Location |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They told that they, in crossing Hungary, had sojourned in a mountainous country called Transylvania, where the inhabitants only spoke German, while all around them nothing was spoken but Hungarian.

<!-- .note -->
From The Red Fairy Book.

<!-- fold The tree, 30 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:emode:sojourn:x2:1
# text = They told that they, in crossing Hungary, had sojourned in a mountainous country called Transylvania, where the inhabitants only spoke German, while all around them nothing was spoken but Hungarian.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	told	tell	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	that	that	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	in	in	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
7	crossing	cross	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	advcl	_	_
8	Hungary	Hungary	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	_
11	sojourned	sojourn	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	2	conj	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	mountainous	mountainous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	country	country	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
16	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	15	acl	_	_
17	Transylvania	Transylvania	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
19	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	23	advmod	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	inhabitants	inhabitant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	23	nsubj	_	_
22	only	only	ADV	RB	_	23	advmod	_	_
23	spoke	speak	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	17	acl:relcl	_	_
24	German	German	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	23	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
26	while	while	SCONJ	IN	_	32	mark	_	_
27	all	all	ADV	RB	_	32	advmod	_	_
28	around	around	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
29	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	27	obl	_	_
30	nothing	nothing	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	32	nsubj:pass	_	_
31	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	32	aux:pass	_	_
32	spoken	speak	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	11	parataxis	_	_
33	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	34	cc	_	_
34	Hungarian	Hungarian	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	32	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **tell** *speech: assert* | past | They |  |  |  |  | that they | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **cross** | gerund | They *not said here* | Hungary |  |  |  |  | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hungary=Patient |
| 3 | **sojourn** | past · perfect | They *not said here* |  |  | a mountainous country |  |  | vn weekend-56 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in country=Location |
| 4 | **call** | participle |  | a mountainous country *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **speak** *speech: other* | past | the inhabitants | German |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 6 | **speak** *speech: other* | past · passive |  | nothing |  |  |  | all *property* | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And if a stranger sojourn with thee in your land, ye shall not do him wrong.

<!-- .note -->
From Torah LEV.19.33, JPS 1917.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:emode:sojourn:x3:1
# text = And if a stranger sojourn with thee in your land, ye shall not do him wrong.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
2	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	5	mark	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	stranger	stranger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	sojourn	sojourn	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	thee	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	5	obl	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
12	ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	15	nsubj	_	_
13	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	15	aux	_	_
14	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	15	advmod	_	_
15	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	conj	_	_
16	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	obj	_	_
17	wrong	wrong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sojourn** | infinitive | a stranger |  |  | your land |  | with thee | vn weekend-56 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in land=Location |
| 2 | **not** **do** | shall | ye | stranger |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Eventuality |

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**Text:** the Early Modern English dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova; its examples quote public-domain texts. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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