---
title: wherewith — Early Modern English dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «wherewith» in the Early Modern English dictionary: With what thing; with which. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# wherewith

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Esau, father, I, thou · **What happens:** hate, bless, have, buy, light, take in · **To what, where:** Jacob, Esau, oil, lamp, hand, signs

<!-- .vabout -->
«wherewith» in the Early Modern English dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 3 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [wherewith in the Early Modern English dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/emode/w/wherewith.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
With what thing; with which.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:emode:wherewith:m1:1
# text = With what thing; with which.
1	With	with	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	0	root	_	_
3	thing	thing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	6	punct	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	2	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And Esau hated Jacob because of the blessing wherewith his father blessed him.

<!-- .note -->
From Torah GEN.27.41, JPS 1917.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:emode:wherewith:x1:1
# text = And Esau hated Jacob because of the blessing wherewith his father blessed him.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	Esau	Esau	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	hated	hate	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	Jacob	Jacob	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	because	because	ADP	IN	ExtPos=ADP	8	case	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	fixed	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	blessing	blessing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
9	wherewith	wherewith	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	12	advmod	_	_
10	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	father	father	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
12	blessed	bless	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	_
13	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hate** | past | Esau | Jacob |  |  |  | because the blessing | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer jacob=Stimulus |
| 2 | **bless** | past | Esau's father | Esau |  |  |  | wherewith *property* | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I have not even wherewith to buy oil, so as to light the lamp before the image\[440\] for the festival!"

<!-- .note -->
From Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore.

<!-- fold The tree, 21 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:emode:wherewith:x2:1
# text = I have not even wherewith to buy oil, so as to light the lamp before the image[440] for the festival!"
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	5	advmod	_	_
4	even	even	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	wherewith	wherewith	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	2	advmod	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	buy	buy	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	advcl	_	_
8	oil	oil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
10	so	so	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
11	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
12	to	to	PART	TO	_	13	mark	_	_
13	light	light	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	lamp	lamp	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	_
16	before	before	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	image	image	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	[	[	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	20	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	440	440	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	18	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	]	]	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	20	punct	_	_
22	for	for	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	festival	festival	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | I |  |  |  |  | wherewith *property* | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **buy** | to-infinitive | I *not said here* | oil |  |  |  |  | vn accept-77.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent oil=Theme |
| 3 | **light** | to-infinitive | I *not said here* | the lamp |  |  | before the image | for the festival | vn preparing-26.3-1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent lamp=Product for festival=Beneficiary |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And thou shalt take in thy hand this rod, wherewith thou shalt do the signs.'

<!-- .note -->
From Torah EXO.4.17, JPS 1917.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:emode:wherewith:x3:1
# text = And thou shalt take in thy hand this rod, wherewith thou shalt do the signs.'
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
2	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	4	nsubj	_	_
3	shalt	shall	AUX	MD	Style=Arch|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	take	take	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	RP	_	4	compound:prt	_	_
6	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
8	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	9	det	_	_
9	rod	rod	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
11	wherewith	wherewith	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	14	advmod	_	_
12	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	14	nsubj	_	_
13	shalt	shall	AUX	MD	Style=Arch|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux	_	_
14	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	conj	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	signs	sign	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take in** | shall | thou | thy hand |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Instrument hand=Theme rod=Destination |
| 2 | **do** | shall | thou | the signs |  |  |  | wherewith *property* | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sign=Eventuality |

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**Text:** the Early Modern English dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova; its examples quote public-domain texts. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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