---
title: whoso — Early Modern English dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «whoso» in the Early Modern English dictionary: Anyone who; whichever person. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# whoso

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Whoso, man, her, one, flow, seed · **What happens:** person, shed, make, image, behold, fill · **To what, where:** blood, man, God, Whoso, one, whomsoever

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«whoso» in the Early Modern English dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 3 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [whoso in the Early Modern English dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/emode/w/whoso.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Anyone who; whichever person.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:emode:whoso:m1:1
# text = Anyone who; whichever person.
1	Anyone	anyone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	0	root	_	_
2	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	5	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
4	whichever	whichever	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	5	advmod	_	_
5	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **person** |  |  |  |  |  |  | whichever *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Whoso sheddeth man's blood, by man shall his blood be shed; for in the image of God made He man.

<!-- .note -->
From Torah GEN.9.6, JPS 1917.

<!-- fold The tree, 21 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:emode:whoso:x1:1
# text = Whoso sheddeth man's blood, by man shall his blood be shed; for in the image of God made He man.
1	Whoso	whoso	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	2	nsubj	_	_
2	sheddeth	shed	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	's	's	PART	POS	_	3	case	_	_
5	blood	blood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
7	by	by	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
9	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	13	aux	_	_
10	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	blood	blood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj:pass	_	_
12	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	aux:pass	_	_
13	shed	shed	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	21	punct	_	_
15	for	for	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
16	in	in	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	image	image	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obl	_	_
19	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	God	God	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	nmod	_	_
21	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
22	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	21	obj	_	_
23	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shed** | present | Whoso | man's blood |  |  |  |  | vn substance\_emission-43.4-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location blood=Source |
| 2 | **shed** | shall · passive | man | man's blood |  |  |  |  | vn substance\_emission-43.4-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location subject=Source |
| 3 | **make** | past | Whoso *not said here* | man | God |  |  | for the image of God | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP NP PP.asset»: agent=Agent he=Beneficiary man=Product for image=Asset |
| 4 | **image** |  |  | God |  |  |  |  | nom image «cognition transitive»: of=patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Whoso beheld was filled with her love.

<!-- .note -->
From Celtic Fairy Tales.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:emode:whoso:x2:1
# text = Whoso beheld was filled with her love.
1	Whoso	whoso	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	beheld	behold	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	1	acl:relcl	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	filled	fill	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	love	love	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **behold** | past |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn sight-30.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **fill** | past · passive |  | Whoso |  |  |  | with her love | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: subject=Patient with love=Instrument |
| 3 | **love** |  | her *= she* |  |  |  |  |  | nom love «feeling transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And whoso toucheth any one that is unclean by the dead; or from whomsoever the flow of seed goeth out;

<!-- .note -->
From Torah LEV.22.4, JPS 1917.

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:emode:whoso:x3:1
# text = And whoso toucheth any one that is unclean by the dead; or from whomsoever the flow of seed goeth out;
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	whoso	whoso	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	3	nsubj	_	_
3	toucheth	touch	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	5	det	_	_
5	one	one	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
8	unclean	unclean	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	acl:relcl	_	_
9	by	by	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	dead	dead	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	20	punct	_	_
13	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
14	from	from	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	whomsoever	whomsoever	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obl	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	flow	flow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nsubj	_	_
18	of	of	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	seed	seed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nmod	_	_
20	goeth	go	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
21	out	out	ADP	RP	_	20	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **touch** | present | whoso | any one |  |  |  |  | vn contiguous\_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme one=Co-Theme |
| 2 | **is** | present | any one |  |  |  |  | by the dead; unclean *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **go out** | present | the flow of seed |  |  | whomsoever |  |  | vn interact-36.6 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **flow** |  | seed |  |  |  |  |  | nom flow «event intransitive»: of=agent |

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**Text:** the Early Modern English dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova; its examples quote public-domain texts. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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