--- title: writest — Early Modern English dictionary · trees and pragmatics description: «writest» in the Early Modern English dictionary: «writest» means «you write», a form of «write». Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/emode/W/writest/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [dictionaries](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/) / [Early Modern English dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/emode/) / [W](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/emode/W/) / writest # writest **Who acts:** you, form, horsemen · **What happens:** write, mean, put, seal, intrust, ride away · **To what, where:** letters, paper, thou, smooth parchment, parchment · **Speech:** someone speaks here «writest» in the Early Modern English dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 1 example, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [writest in the Early Modern English dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/emode/w/writest.md). ## Meaning 1 {#m1} «writest» means «you write», a form of «write». ```conllu # sent_id = dict:emode:writest:m1:1 # text = «writest» means «you write», a form of «write». 1 « « PUNCT `` _ 2 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 2 writest write VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 nsubj _ SpaceAfter=No 3 » » PUNCT '' _ 2 punct _ _ 4 means mean VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 5 « « PUNCT `` _ 7 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 6 you you PRON PRP Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs 7 nsubj _ _ 7 write write VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 ccomp _ SpaceAfter=No 8 » » PUNCT '' _ 7 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 9 , , PUNCT , _ 11 punct _ _ 10 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 11 det _ _ 11 form form NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 parataxis _ _ 12 of of SCONJ IN _ 14 mark _ _ 13 « « PUNCT `` _ 14 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 14 write write VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 11 acl _ SpaceAfter=No 15 » » PUNCT '' _ 14 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 16 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **write** *in a quote* | present | | | | | | | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **mean** | present | | | | | | | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 3 | **write** *in a quote* | present | you | | | | | | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **write** *in a quote* | infinitive | a form *not said here* | | | | | | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. The example in this meaning, parsed on its own: To write means to put letters, words or numbers on paper or a screen. ```conllu # sent_id = dict:emode:writest:m1e:1 # text = To write means to put letters, words or numbers on paper or a screen. 1 To to PART TO _ 2 mark _ _ 2 write write VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 3 csubj _ _ 3 means mean VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 to to PART TO _ 5 mark _ _ 5 put put VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 3 xcomp _ _ 6 letters letter NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 7 , , PUNCT , _ 8 punct _ _ 8 words word NOUN NNS Number=Plur 6 conj _ _ 9 or or CCONJ CC _ 10 cc _ _ 10 numbers number NOUN NNS Number=Plur 6 conj _ _ 11 on on ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 12 paper paper NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 obl _ _ 13 or or CCONJ CC _ 15 cc _ _ 14 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 15 det _ _ 15 screen screen NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 16 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **write** | to-infinitive | | | | | | | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **mean** | present | | | | | | | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 3 | **put** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | | letters and words or numbers | | paper or a screen | | | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent letter=Theme on paper=Destination | ## Example 1 {#x1} What writest thou on yonder smooth parchment, sealing it with thy seal, and intrusting it to the horsemen and servants, who ride away, far away, to the city of the Pope? From Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen. ```conllu # sent_id = dict:emode:writest:x1:1 # text = What writest thou on yonder smooth parchment, sealing it with thy seal, and intrusting it to the horsemen and servants, who ride away, far away, to the city of the Pope? 1 What what PRON WP PronType=Int 2 obj _ _ 2 writest write VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 thou thou PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 2 obj _ _ 4 on on ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 5 yonder yonder ADV RB _ 6 advmod _ _ 6 smooth smooth ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 7 amod _ _ 7 parchment parchment NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 8 , , PUNCT , _ 9 punct _ _ 9 sealing seal VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 2 advcl _ _ 10 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 9 obj _ _ 11 with with ADP IN _ 13 case _ _ 12 thy thy PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 13 nmod:poss _ _ 13 seal seal NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 14 , , PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ _ 15 and and CCONJ CC _ 16 cc _ _ 16 intrusting intrust VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 9 conj _ _ 17 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 16 obj _ _ 18 to to ADP IN _ 20 case _ _ 19 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 20 det _ _ 20 horsemen horseman NOUN NNS Number=Plur 16 obl _ _ 21 and and CCONJ CC _ 22 cc _ _ 22 servants servant NOUN NNS Number=Plur 20 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 23 , , PUNCT , _ 25 punct _ _ 24 who who PRON WP PronType=Rel 25 nsubj _ _ 25 ride ride VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 20 conj _ _ 26 away away ADV RB _ 25 advmod _ SpaceAfter=No 27 , , PUNCT , _ 29 punct _ _ 28 far far ADV RB Degree=Pos 29 advmod _ _ 29 away away ADV RB _ 25 advmod _ SpaceAfter=No 30 , , PUNCT , _ 33 punct _ _ 31 to to ADP IN _ 33 case _ _ 32 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 33 det _ _ 33 city city NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 obl _ _ 34 of of ADP IN _ 36 case _ _ 35 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 36 det _ _ 36 Pope Pope PROPN NNP Number=Sing 33 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 37 ? ? PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **write** | present | | thou | | smooth parchment | | | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent what=Recipient thou=Topic | | 2 | **seal** | gerund | | parchment | | | | with thy seal | vn tape-22.4 «NP V NP PP.co-patient PP.instrument»: agent=Agent it=Patient with seal=Instrument | | 3 | **intrust** | gerund | | parchment | | | | to the horsemen and servants; to the city of the Pope | tree rules | | 4 | **ride away** | present | the horsemen and servants | | | | | away *property* | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent | **Text:** the Early Modern English dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova; its examples quote public-domain texts. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. 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