---
title: A — The English dictionary with trees and pragmatics · page 36
description: The 1215 words of the English dictionary under A, every meaning for a pupil and every example with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# A — The English dictionary · page 36

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**annually** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* Annually means once every year.[↗](../../annually/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* Annually means for each year, in a year: «she earns 30,000 pounds annually».[↗](../../annually/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* The fair is held annually in our village.[↗](../../annually/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · Trees grow a new ring annually.[↗](../../annually/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · The town gets 800 millimetres of rain annually.[↗](../../annually/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · The swallows return annually.[↗](../../annually/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · He saves 120 pounds annually, which is 10 pounds a month.[↗](../../annually/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · The school photo is taken annually.[↗](../../annually/#x6 "tree and pragmatics") · The former was held annually, and the latter, which lasted several days, was celebrated every fourth year.[↗](../../annually/#x7 "tree and pragmatics")

**annul** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* (formal, law) To officially say that something such as a marriage, contract or election never counted and is cancelled.[↗](../../annul/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* (church) In the Catholic Church, an annulment declares that a marriage was never valid.[↗](../../annul/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* Henry VIII asked the Pope to annul his first marriage.[↗](../../annul/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · The court annulled the election result.[↗](../../annul/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · The contract was annulled because it was unfair.[↗](../../annul/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · Their marriage was annulled after a few months.[↗](../../annul/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · The judge annulled the agreement.[↗](../../annul/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · Catholics believe an annulment means a marriage was never valid.[↗](../../annul/#x6 "tree and pragmatics")

**annum** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* (formal, money) A year; "per annum" means each year or for every year.[↗](../../annum/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* The bank pays 3% interest per annum.[↗](../../annum/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · Her salary is fifty thousand pounds per annum.[↗](../../annum/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · The club charges twenty dollars per annum to join.[↗](../../annum/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · The tree grows about 30 centimetres per annum.[↗](../../annum/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · If the rent is 1,200 per annum, how much is it per month?[↗](../../annum/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · The rate is written as 5% p.a. on the poster.[↗](../../annum/#x6 "tree and pragmatics") · The farm produces ten tonnes of wheat per annum.[↗](../../annum/#x7 "tree and pragmatics")

**annunciation** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* (church, Bible) The Annunciation is when, as the Bible tells, the angel Gabriel came to Mary to say that she would be the mother of Jesus.[↗](../../annunciation/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* The church feast that remembers this.[↗](../../annunciation/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 3:* (formal, rare) An announcement.[↗](../../annunciation/#m3 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* The Annunciation is told in the Gospel of Luke.[↗](../../annunciation/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · In the painting of the Annunciation, the angel holds a lily.[↗](../../annunciation/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · Our church keeps the feast of the Annunciation in spring.[↗](../../annunciation/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · Mary said yes to God at the Annunciation, Christians believe.[↗](../../annunciation/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · We acted out the Annunciation in the nativity play.[↗](../../annunciation/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · Gabriel's words at the Annunciation begin «Hail Mary» in many prayers.[↗](../../annunciation/#x6 "tree and pragmatics")

**anoint** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* (church, Bible) To anoint is to put holy oil on someone's head or body as a sign of blessing, healing, or being chosen by God, for example as a king or priest.[↗](../../anoint/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* (informal) To anoint someone is to choose them for an important role, like "anointed as the next captain".[↗](../../anoint/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 3:* In old tales, "anointed" before an insult, as in "anointed rogue", is a grumpy way of saying "confounded" or "wretched".[↗](../../anoint/#m3 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* Samuel anointed David with oil to show he would be king.[↗](../../anoint/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · The priest anointed the sick woman and prayed for her.[↗](../../anoint/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · A woman anointed Jesus' feet with perfume.[↗](../../anoint/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · The new king was anointed in the abbey.[↗](../../anoint/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · The coach anointed Maya as our new captain.[↗](../../anoint/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · "Christ" means "the anointed one".[↗](../../anoint/#x6 "tree and pragmatics") · "Oh, you anointed villain!" says the ass, roaring like thunder.[↗](../../anoint/#x7 "tree and pragmatics") · And thou shalt anoint the laver and its base, and sanctify it.[↗](../../anoint/#x8 "tree and pragmatics") (Torah EXO.40.11, JPS 1917)[↗](../../anoint/#x8 "tree and pragmatics") · This was the dedication-offering of the altar, after that it was anointed.[↗](../../anoint/#x9 "tree and pragmatics") (Torah NUM.7.88, JPS 1917)[↗](../../anoint/#x9 "tree and pragmatics") · oil for the light, spices for the anointing oil, and for the sweet incense; (Torah EXO.25.6, JPS 1917)[↗](../../anoint/#x10 "tree and pragmatics") · And the LORD anointed thee king over Israel; (Prophets 1SA.15.17, JPS 1917)[↗](../../anoint/#x11 "tree and pragmatics") · And the LORD said: 'Arise, anoint him; for this is he.'[↗](../../anoint/#x12 "tree and pragmatics") (Prophets 1SA.16.12, JPS 1917)[↗](../../anoint/#x12 "tree and pragmatics") · And Absalom, whom we anointed over us, is dead in battle.[↗](../../anoint/#x13 "tree and pragmatics") (Prophets 2SA.19.11, JPS 1917)[↗](../../anoint/#x13 "tree and pragmatics")

**anon** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* Anon means soon or shortly.[↗](../../anon/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* «Ever and anon» means now and then, from time to time.[↗](../../anon/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Early Modern English, meaning 1:* Soon, shortly, or straight away.[↗](../../anon/#m3 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* I will come anon.[↗](../../anon/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · Ever and anon the bell rang from the tower.[↗](../../anon/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · Anon he heard the word Peter.[↗](../../anon/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · Anon he caught the word Peter.[↗](../../anon/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") (Peter Pan) · Ever and anon the light from his cigar gave a touch of colour to his face.[↗](../../anon/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") (Peter Pan) · Anon I thought of the mourning mother beneath the cross at Golgotha, so deep was the expression of pain.[↗](../../anon/#x6 "tree and pragmatics") (Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen)

**anonymous** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* Anonymous means made, given or done by someone whose name is not known or not told.[↗](../../anonymous/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* A person who is anonymous is not named or not known.[↗](../../anonymous/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 3:* Something plain and dull with nothing special about it can be called anonymous: «an anonymous grey building».[↗](../../anonymous/#m3 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* Someone left an anonymous note on my desk.[↗](../../anonymous/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · An anonymous donor gave the hospital a lot of money.[↗](../../anonymous/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · The survey is anonymous, so do not write your name.[↗](../../anonymous/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · The poem was written by Anonymous.[↗](../../anonymous/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · The man wanted to stay anonymous, so the paper did not print his name.[↗](../../anonymous/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · Online, people can be anonymous, so be careful who you talk to.[↗](../../anonymous/#x6 "tree and pragmatics") · The office was in an anonymous grey building.[↗](../../anonymous/#x7 "tree and pragmatics")

**anonymously** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* Without giving your name, so nobody knows who you are.[↗](../../anonymously/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* In a way that hides who someone is.[↗](../../anonymously/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* Someone anonymously left flowers at the school gate.[↗](../../anonymously/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · The money was donated anonymously to the hospital.[↗](../../anonymously/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · You can report problems anonymously in the class box.[↗](../../anonymously/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · The letter was sent anonymously, with no signature.[↗](../../anonymously/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · She liked to help people anonymously.[↗](../../anonymously/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · The survey was filled in anonymously so we could be honest.[↗](../../anonymously/#x6 "tree and pragmatics") · Online, some people post anonymously and say unkind things.[↗](../../anonymously/#x7 "tree and pragmatics") · The stories had previously appeared from time to time, anonymously, in Moetjens' little magazine the "Recueil," which was published from The Hague.[↗](../../anonymously/#x8 "tree and pragmatics")

**anorak** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* A waterproof jacket with a hood, often padded.[↗](../../anorak/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* (UK, informal) A person who is very interested in a hobby that others think is boring, like train numbers; a nerd.[↗](../../anorak/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* Put on your anorak; it's raining.[↗](../../anorak/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · My anorak has a hood that folds away.[↗](../../anorak/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · He's a real anorak about trains.[↗](../../anorak/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · She left her anorak on the school bus.[↗](../../anorak/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · We wore anoraks on the windy hill.[↗](../../anorak/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · Don't be such an anorak.[↗](../../anorak/#x6 "tree and pragmatics")

**another** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* Another means one more of the same kind: have another cookie.[↗](../../another/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* Another means a different one: try another way.[↗](../../another/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 3:* As a pronoun, another means some other person or thing: one dog barked at another.[↗](../../another/#m3 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* To find how many more one has than another, we subtract the smaller from the bigger.[↗](../../another/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · Jo picks 5 flowers, then another 3 flowers.[↗](../../another/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · One box holds 8 eggs and another box holds 6 eggs.[↗](../../another/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · Can I have another slice of pizza?[↗](../../another/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · This pen does not work; please give me another.[↗](../../another/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · Let's try another way to solve it.[↗](../../another/#x6 "tree and pragmatics") · The children helped one another clean up.[↗](../../another/#x7 "tree and pragmatics") · We will go to the zoo another day.[↗](../../another/#x8 "tree and pragmatics") · "I have many sprats," said another.[↗](../../another/#x9 "tree and pragmatics") · Each board had two tenons, joined one to another.[↗](../../another/#x10 "tree and pragmatics") (Torah EXO.36.22, JPS 1917)[↗](../../another/#x10 "tree and pragmatics") · And Abraham took another wife, and her name was Keturah.[↗](../../another/#x11 "tree and pragmatics") (Torah GEN.25.1, JPS 1917)[↗](../../another/#x11 "tree and pragmatics") · And they said one to another: 'Behold, this dreamer cometh.[↗](../../another/#x12 "tree and pragmatics") (Torah GEN.37.19, JPS 1917)[↗](../../another/#x12 "tree and pragmatics") · And My glory will I not give to another.[↗](../../another/#x13 "tree and pragmatics") (Prophets ISA.48.11, JPS 1917)[↗](../../another/#x13 "tree and pragmatics") · Let his days be few; let another take his charge.[↗](../../another/#x14 "tree and pragmatics") (Writings PSA.109.8, JPS 1917)[↗](../../another/#x14 "tree and pragmatics") · And he could not answer Abner another word, because he feared him.[↗](../../another/#x15 "tree and pragmatics") (Prophets 2SA.3.11, JPS 1917)[↗](../../another/#x15 "tree and pragmatics")

**answer** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* An answer is what you say or write back to a question.[↗](../../answer/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* An answer is the result of a sum or problem: the answer is 12.[↗](../../answer/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 3:* To answer is to reply, or to pick up the phone or open the door when someone calls or knocks.[↗](../../answer/#m3 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* Not quite.[↗](../../answer/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") Look at the word «more»: it tells us to add.[↗](../../answer/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") The answer is 3 + 1 = 4.[↗](../../answer/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · Write the answer in the box.[↗](../../answer/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · Check your answer by adding back.[↗](../../answer/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · Put up your hand if you know the answer.[↗](../../answer/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · Can you answer the phone, please?[↗](../../answer/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · I knocked, but nobody answered.[↗](../../answer/#x6 "tree and pragmatics") · The answer to 6 × 7 is 42.[↗](../../answer/#x7 "tree and pragmatics") · She answered all ten questions in the quiz.[↗](../../answer/#x8 "tree and pragmatics") · "Yes, I was," answered the genius.[↗](../../answer/#x9 "tree and pragmatics") · And Ephron answered Abraham, saying unto him: (Torah GEN.23.14, JPS 1917)[↗](../../answer/#x10 "tree and pragmatics") · And all the people shall answer and say: Amen.[↗](../../answer/#x11 "tree and pragmatics") (Torah DEU.27.15, JPS 1917)[↗](../../answer/#x11 "tree and pragmatics") · And the children of Heth answered Abraham, saying unto him: (Torah GEN.23.5, JPS 1917)[↗](../../answer/#x12 "tree and pragmatics") · And I answered: Here am I. (Prophets 2SA.1.7, JPS 1917)[↗](../../answer/#x13 "tree and pragmatics") · Then answered Eliphaz the Temanite, and said: (Writings JOB.4.1, JPS 1917)[↗](../../answer/#x14 "tree and pragmatics") · Then answered Bildad the Shuhite, and said: (Writings JOB.8.1, JPS 1917)[↗](../../answer/#x15 "tree and pragmatics")

**answerable** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* Having to explain your actions to someone and take responsibility: «answerable to» someone.[↗](../../answerable/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* Able to be answered.[↗](../../answerable/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* The head teacher is answerable to the governors.[↗](../../answerable/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · You are answerable for your own behaviour.[↗](../../answerable/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · Is that question answerable?[↗](../../answerable/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · Police must be answerable to the public.[↗](../../answerable/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · The captain is answerable for the team's kit.[↗](../../answerable/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · Some riddles aren't answerable at all.[↗](../../answerable/#x6 "tree and pragmatics") · And answerable unto the border of the priests, the Levites shall have five and twenty thousand in length, and ten thousand in breadth; all the length shall be five and twenty thousand, and the breadth ten thousand.[↗](../../answerable/#x7 "tree and pragmatics") (Prophets EZK.48.13, JPS 1917)[↗](../../answerable/#x7 "tree and pragmatics")

**ant** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* A very small insect with six legs that lives in large, organised groups called colonies, often in nests under the ground.[↗](../../ant/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* "Ants in your pants" is a jokey way of saying someone cannot sit still.[↗](../../ant/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* An ant has six legs.[↗](../../ant/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · A long line of ants carried crumbs back to their nest.[↗](../../ant/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · The queen ant lays all the eggs.[↗](../../ant/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · Ants can carry things much heavier than themselves.[↗](../../ant/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · Don't poke the ant hill or they might bite.[↗](../../ant/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · In the story, the ant saved food for the winter.[↗](../../ant/#x6 "tree and pragmatics") · We watched ants through a magnifying glass.[↗](../../ant/#x7 "tree and pragmatics") · Stop wriggling — you've got ants in your pants\![↗](../../ant/#x8 "tree and pragmatics") · He found an ant in it.[↗](../../ant/#x9 "tree and pragmatics") · § H The ten digits and zero — close tliy mouth from speaking and thy heart from thinking, and if tliy heart should leap, let it come back to its place; for concerning this has the coven- ant been made.[↗](../../ant/#x10 "tree and pragmatics") (Mordell, The Origin of Letters and Numerals according to Sefer Yetzirah (1914))[↗](../../ant/#x10 "tree and pragmatics") · Go to the ant, thou sluggard; consider her ways, and be wise; (Writings PRO.6.6, JPS 1917)[↗](../../ant/#x11 "tree and pragmatics") · The ants are a people not strong, yet they provide their food in the summer; (Writings PRO.30.25, JPS 1917)[↗](../../ant/#x12 "tree and pragmatics")

**antacid** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* A medicine that makes stomach acid weaker, used for heartburn and indigestion.[↗](../../antacid/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* (adjective) Working against acid: «antacid tablets».[↗](../../antacid/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* Grandpa took an antacid after the spicy curry.[↗](../../antacid/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · Antacids neutralise stomach acid.[↗](../../antacid/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · In science we dropped an antacid tablet into vinegar and watched it fizz.[↗](../../antacid/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · The doctor said to take antacids for heartburn.[↗](../../antacid/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · Some antacids taste like chalk.[↗](../../antacid/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · Medicines like antacids must be kept away from small children.[↗](../../antacid/#x6 "tree and pragmatics")

**antagonist** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* The main enemy or opponent of the hero in a story, play or film (opposite: protagonist).[↗](../../antagonist/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* A person who strongly opposes someone.[↗](../../antagonist/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 3:* (science) A muscle or chemical that works against another.[↗](../../antagonist/#m3 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* The wolf is the antagonist in Little Red Riding Hood.[↗](../../antagonist/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · Every good story needs an antagonist.[↗](../../antagonist/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · The two scientists were bitter antagonists.[↗](../../antagonist/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · The triceps is the antagonist of the biceps.[↗](../../antagonist/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · The antagonist tries to stop the hero.[↗](../../antagonist/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · Name the antagonist in the novel.[↗](../../antagonist/#x6 "tree and pragmatics") · At the near approach of his redoubtable antagonist he turned and fled for his life.[↗](../../antagonist/#x7 "tree and pragmatics")

**antarctic** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* The Antarctic is the very cold region around the South Pole, including the continent of Antarctica and the seas around it.[↗](../../antarctic/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* Antarctic describes things from or about that region, like Antarctic ice or Antarctic animals.[↗](../../antarctic/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* Penguins live in the Antarctic, not the Arctic.[↗](../../antarctic/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · The Antarctic is the coldest place on Earth.[↗](../../antarctic/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · Scientists study the Antarctic ice.[↗](../../antarctic/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · Antarctic winters are long and dark.[↗](../../antarctic/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · Explorers crossed the Antarctic on skis and sledges.[↗](../../antarctic/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · Whales feed in Antarctic waters in summer.[↗](../../antarctic/#x6 "tree and pragmatics")

**antbird** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* A small bird of the tropical forests of Central and South America; some kinds follow army ants to catch the insects fleeing from them.[↗](../../antbird/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* Antbirds follow army ants through the forest.[↗](../../antbird/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · The antbird snapped up a fleeing cricket.[↗](../../antbird/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · There are over 200 kinds of antbird.[↗](../../antbird/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · We saw a picture of an antbird in our rainforest book.[↗](../../antbird/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · Antbirds live in Central and South America.[↗](../../antbird/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · The antbird's song rang through the trees.[↗](../../antbird/#x6 "tree and pragmatics")

**ante** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* An ante is a stake put into the pot before a card game starts.[↗](../../ante/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* To up the ante means to increase what is at stake or make a situation more serious or demanding.[↗](../../ante/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 3:* Ante- at the start of a word means "before", as in antenatal (before birth) or anteroom.[↗](../../ante/#m3 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* The team upped the ante by training twice a day.[↗](../../ante/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · The players put in their ante.[↗](../../ante/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · Antenatal classes help parents before a baby is born.[↗](../../ante/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · The bully upped the ante, so the teacher stepped in.[↗](../../ante/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · An anteroom is a small room before a bigger one.[↗](../../ante/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · Ante up — everyone puts in a coin\![↗](../../ante/#x6 "tree and pragmatics") · "I found myself in an ante-room," said the shadow.[↗](../../ante/#x7 "tree and pragmatics")

**anteater** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* An anteater is a South and Central American mammal with a long snout and a long sticky tongue that eats ants and termites.[↗](../../anteater/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* Loosely, other ant-eating animals (like the echidna or pangolin) are sometimes called anteaters.[↗](../../anteater/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* The anteater poked its long nose into the termite mound.[↗](../../anteater/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · An anteater has no teeth.[↗](../../anteater/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · The giant anteater has a bushy tail.[↗](../../anteater/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · Its tongue is longer than my arm\![↗](../../anteater/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · The baby anteater rode on its mother's back.[↗](../../anteater/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · Anteaters live in South America.[↗](../../anteater/#x6 "tree and pragmatics")

**antecedent** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* An antecedent is something that came before something else and led to it.[↗](../../antecedent/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* (grammar) An antecedent is the noun or phrase that a pronoun refers back to: in «Sam lost his hat», «Sam» is the antecedent of «his».[↗](../../antecedent/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 3:* (plural, formal) Your antecedents are your ancestors or family background.[↗](../../antecedent/#m3 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 4:* (formal adjective) Antecedent means coming before.[↗](../../antecedent/#m4 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* In «The dog wagged its tail», «dog» is the antecedent of «its».[↗](../../antecedent/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · Make sure every pronoun has a clear antecedent.[↗](../../antecedent/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · The bicycle's antecedent was a wooden walking machine.[↗](../../antecedent/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · The causes antecedent to the war were complicated.[↗](../../antecedent/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · His antecedents came from Ireland.[↗](../../antecedent/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · The penny-farthing was an antecedent of the modern bike.[↗](../../antecedent/#x6 "tree and pragmatics")

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