---
title: A — The English dictionary with trees and pragmatics · page 60
description: The 1215 words of the English dictionary under A, every meaning for a pupil and every example with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# A — The English dictionary · page 60

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**automatically** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* Automatically means by itself, done by a machine without a person needing to do it.[↗](../../automatically/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* Automatically means without thinking about it, out of habit.[↗](../../automatically/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 3:* Automatically means always and necessarily, as a rule.[↗](../../automatically/#m3 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* The doors open automatically when you walk up to them.[↗](../../automatically/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · The heater switches off automatically at night.[↗](../../automatically/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · You blink automatically without thinking.[↗](../../automatically/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · The computer saves your work automatically.[↗](../../automatically/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · If you finish first, you don't automatically win: the answers must be right.[↗](../../automatically/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · She automatically reached for the light switch.[↗](../../automatically/#x6 "tree and pragmatics")

**automation** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* Using machines and computers to do work by themselves, without people doing each step.[↗](../../automation/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* The system or machines that do this work.[↗](../../automation/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* Automation means robots can build cars in a factory.[↗](../../automation/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · The car wash uses automation, so nobody scrubs the cars by hand.[↗](../../automation/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · Some jobs disappeared because of automation.[↗](../../automation/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · Home automation can switch the lights on when you come in.[↗](../../automation/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · Our coding club learned about automation with a simple program.[↗](../../automation/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · Automation makes the work faster but needs people to fix the machines.[↗](../../automation/#x6 "tree and pragmatics") · Dad says automation at the supermarket means fewer cashiers.[↗](../../automation/#x7 "tree and pragmatics")

**autonomy** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* The right of a group, region or country to govern itself.[↗](../../autonomy/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* Being able to make your own choices and act independently.[↗](../../autonomy/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* Greenland has autonomy within Denmark.[↗](../../autonomy/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · Teenagers want more autonomy.[↗](../../autonomy/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · The robot has autonomy to choose its path.[↗](../../autonomy/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · Scotland has autonomy over its schools.[↗](../../autonomy/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · Giving pupils autonomy helps them learn.[↗](../../autonomy/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · The region fought for autonomy.[↗](../../autonomy/#x6 "tree and pragmatics")

**autopilot** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* A computer system in an aircraft, ship or car that steers and controls it automatically, without a person doing it by hand.[↗](../../autopilot/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* (informal) In "on autopilot": doing something without thinking about it, out of habit.[↗](../../autopilot/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* The pilot switched on the autopilot over the ocean.[↗](../../autopilot/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · On long flights, the autopilot flies the plane for hours.[↗](../../autopilot/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · I was on autopilot and put the milk in the cupboard.[↗](../../autopilot/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · Some cars can steer themselves a little with autopilot.[↗](../../autopilot/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · He walked home on autopilot, thinking about the game.[↗](../../autopilot/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · Pilots must still watch carefully even on autopilot.[↗](../../autopilot/#x6 "tree and pragmatics")

**autumn** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* Autumn is the season between summer and winter, when leaves change colour and fall and days get shorter and cooler.[↗](../../autumn/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* In American English it is mostly called fall.[↗](../../autumn/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* In autumn the leaves turn red and gold.[↗](../../autumn/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · Squirrels bury nuts in autumn.[↗](../../autumn/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · We collected conkers in autumn.[↗](../../autumn/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · The autumn term starts in September.[↗](../../autumn/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · Days get shorter in autumn.[↗](../../autumn/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · In Australia, autumn comes in March.[↗](../../autumn/#x6 "tree and pragmatics") · Hedgehogs get ready to hibernate in autumn.[↗](../../autumn/#x7 "tree and pragmatics") · I love jumping in piles of autumn leaves.[↗](../../autumn/#x8 "tree and pragmatics") · It was growing late in the autumn.[↗](../../autumn/#x9 "tree and pragmatics")

**autumnal** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* About autumn, or typical of autumn, like falling leaves, cool air and orange colours.[↗](../../autumnal/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* The trees were full of autumnal colours.[↗](../../autumnal/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · There was an autumnal chill in the air.[↗](../../autumnal/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · The autumnal equinox has equal day and night.[↗](../../autumnal/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · We wrote autumnal poems about leaves.[↗](../../autumnal/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · An autumnal mist covered the field.[↗](../../autumnal/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · Her jumper was a warm autumnal orange.[↗](../../autumnal/#x6 "tree and pragmatics")

**auxiliary** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* adjective: Giving extra help or support: an auxiliary engine is a backup.[↗](../../auxiliary/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* noun (grammar): A helping verb, like be, have or do, used with another verb: «She IS running», «I HAVE eaten».[↗](../../auxiliary/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 3:* noun.[↗](../../auxiliary/#m3 "tree and pragmatics") *e.g.* A helper or extra worker, like a nursing auxiliary.[↗](../../auxiliary/#m3 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* In «I am eating», «am» is the auxiliary verb.[↗](../../auxiliary/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · The ship used its auxiliary engine.[↗](../../auxiliary/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · «Do» is the auxiliary in «Do you like it?».[↗](../../auxiliary/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · She works as a nursing auxiliary.[↗](../../auxiliary/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · The hospital has auxiliary power if the lights go out.[↗](../../auxiliary/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · Underline the auxiliary verbs.[↗](../../auxiliary/#x6 "tree and pragmatics")

**avail** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* (noun) Avail means use or help: «of no avail» means it did not help at all.[↗](../../avail/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* (verb, formal) To avail is to be of use or to help someone.[↗](../../avail/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* All our shouting was of no avail.[↗](../../avail/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · The medicine did not avail him.[↗](../../avail/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · That will avail him little.[↗](../../avail/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · Will thy riches avail, that are without stint, or all the forces of thy strength?[↗](../../avail/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") (Writings JOB.36.19, JPS 1917)[↗](../../avail/#x4 "tree and pragmatics")

**availability** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* Whether something can be got, bought or used right now.[↗](../../availability/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* Whether a person is free to do something or meet someone at a certain time.[↗](../../availability/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* The website shows the availability of seats on the train.[↗](../../availability/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · Please check the availability of the swimming pool on Saturday.[↗](../../availability/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · Mum asked about the coach's availability for an extra practice.[↗](../../availability/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · The availability of fresh water is important for every town.[↗](../../availability/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · Toy availability is low just before Christmas.[↗](../../availability/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · Subject to availability, you can choose your own room.[↗](../../availability/#x6 "tree and pragmatics") (formal)[↗](../../availability/#x6 "tree and pragmatics") · The doctor has no availability until next week.[↗](../../availability/#x7 "tree and pragmatics")

**available** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* Available means you can get it, buy it or use it now.[↗](../../available/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* Available means a person is free to see you or help, not busy.[↗](../../available/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* Tickets are available at the front desk.[↗](../../available/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · Is this book available in the library?[↗](../../available/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · There are 30 seats available on the bus.[↗](../../available/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · The new game is available in shops now.[↗](../../available/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · Sorry, Mrs Lee is not available right now.[↗](../../available/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · Use all the available space on the page.[↗](../../available/#x6 "tree and pragmatics") · How many places are still available if 18 of 25 are taken?[↗](../../available/#x7 "tree and pragmatics") · Images of the original pages are available through Internet Archive.[↗](../../available/#x8 "tree and pragmatics")

**avalanche** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* An avalanche is a huge mass of snow, ice and rocks that suddenly slides fast down a mountain.[↗](../../avalanche/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* An avalanche of something is a sudden very large amount of it, as in an avalanche of letters.[↗](../../avalanche/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* An avalanche buried the mountain road.[↗](../../avalanche/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · Skiers must check the avalanche warning.[↗](../../avalanche/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · Rescue dogs found the climber after the avalanche.[↗](../../avalanche/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · Loud noises do not usually start avalanches, despite the films.[↗](../../avalanche/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · We got an avalanche of birthday cards.[↗](../../avalanche/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · The teacher faced an avalanche of questions.[↗](../../avalanche/#x6 "tree and pragmatics") · An avalanche had fallen, not upon Rudy and his uncle, but very near them.[↗](../../avalanche/#x7 "tree and pragmatics")

**avarice** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* A greedy wish to have more and more money, gold or things, and to keep them.[↗](../../avarice/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* His avarice made him count every coin twice.[↗](../../avarice/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · Avarice is one of the sins in the tale.[↗](../../avarice/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · The miser's avarice grew each year.[↗](../../avarice/#x3 "tree and pragmatics")

**avaricious** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* Greedy for money and riches, always wanting more.[↗](../../avaricious/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* The avaricious king hoarded his gold.[↗](../../avaricious/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · An avaricious man never has enough.[↗](../../avaricious/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · The avaricious vizier wanted every jewel.[↗](../../avaricious/#x3 "tree and pragmatics")

**avatar** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* A picture or character that stands for you in a game, app or online chat.[↗](../../avatar/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* (Hinduism) In Hindu belief, a god appearing on Earth in a human or animal form, like Krishna as an avatar of Vishnu.[↗](../../avatar/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 3:* (formal) A person who perfectly shows an idea: «an avatar of kindness».[↗](../../avatar/#m3 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* I made a dragon avatar for my game.[↗](../../avatar/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · Use a cartoon avatar instead of your real photo online.[↗](../../avatar/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · My avatar has blue hair and a cape.[↗](../../avatar/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · In Hindu stories, Rama is an avatar of the god Vishnu.[↗](../../avatar/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · She changed her avatar to a picture of her cat.[↗](../../avatar/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · The avatar walked across the virtual world.[↗](../../avatar/#x6 "tree and pragmatics")

**avenge** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* To punish someone in return for a wrong they did to you or to someone you love.[↗](../../avenge/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* The brothers swore to avenge their father.[↗](../../avenge/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · Even the weakest may find a way to avenge a wrong.[↗](../../avenge/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · She wanted to avenge herself on the thief.[↗](../../avenge/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · 'Avenge the children of Israel of the Midianites; afterward shalt thou be gathered unto thy people.'[↗](../../avenge/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") (Torah NUM.31.2, JPS 1917)[↗](../../avenge/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · The LORD judge between me and thee, and the LORD avenge me of thee; but my hand shall not be upon thee.[↗](../../avenge/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") (Prophets 1SA.24.13, JPS 1917)[↗](../../avenge/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · Therefore saith the Lord, the LORD of hosts, the Mighty One of Israel: Ah, I will ease Me of Mine adversaries, and avenge Me of Mine enemies; (Prophets ISA.1.24, JPS 1917)[↗](../../avenge/#x6 "tree and pragmatics") · Wherefore should the nations say: 'Where is their God?'[↗](../../avenge/#x7 "tree and pragmatics") Let the avenging of Thy servants' blood that is shed be made known among the nations in our sight.[↗](../../avenge/#x7 "tree and pragmatics") (Writings PSA.79.10, JPS 1917)[↗](../../avenge/#x7 "tree and pragmatics")

**avenged** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* Punished someone in return for a wrong done to oneself or a loved one.[↗](../../avenged/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* Patto avenged his dead children.[↗](../../avenged/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · The king avenged the insult to his queen.[↗](../../avenged/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · The rabbit felt that the wrong was avenged.[↗](../../avenged/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · If Cain shall be avenged sevenfold, truly Lamech seventy and sevenfold.[↗](../../avenged/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") (Torah GEN.4.24, JPS 1917)[↗](../../avenged/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · And the sun stood still, and the moon stayed, until the nation had avenged themselves of their enemies.[↗](../../avenged/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") (Prophets JOS.10.13, JPS 1917)[↗](../../avenged/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · Shall I not punish for these things? saith the LORD; Shall not My soul be avenged on such a nation as this?[↗](../../avenged/#x6 "tree and pragmatics") (Prophets JER.5.29, JPS 1917)[↗](../../avenged/#x6 "tree and pragmatics") · Shall I not punish for these things? saith the LORD; and shall not My soul be avenged on such a nation as this?[↗](../../avenged/#x7 "tree and pragmatics") (Prophets JER.5.9, JPS 1917)[↗](../../avenged/#x7 "tree and pragmatics")

**avenger** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* A person who punishes someone for a wrong done to themselves or to someone they love.[↗](../../avenger/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* He was watching for the avenger.[↗](../../avenger/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · The young avenger waited for his chance.[↗](../../avenger/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · The knight became the avenger of the village.[↗](../../avenger/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · then the congregation shall judge between the smiter and the avenger of blood according to these ordinances; (Torah NUM.35.24, JPS 1917)[↗](../../avenger/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · The avenger of blood shall himself put the murderer to death; when he meeteth him, he shall put him to death.[↗](../../avenger/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") (Torah NUM.35.19, JPS 1917)[↗](../../avenger/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · And the cities shall be unto you for refuge from the avenger, that the manslayer die not, until he stand before the congregation for judgment.[↗](../../avenger/#x6 "tree and pragmatics") (Torah NUM.35.12, JPS 1917)[↗](../../avenger/#x6 "tree and pragmatics") · Out of the mouth of babes and sucklings hast Thou founded strength, because of Thine adversaries; that Thou mightest still the enemy and the avenger.[↗](../../avenger/#x7 "tree and pragmatics") (Writings PSA.8.3, JPS 1917)[↗](../../avenger/#x7 "tree and pragmatics") · that the manslayer that killeth any person through error and unawares may flee thither; and they shall be unto you for a refuge from the avenger of blood.[↗](../../avenger/#x8 "tree and pragmatics") (Prophets JOS.20.3, JPS 1917)[↗](../../avenger/#x8 "tree and pragmatics") · And if the avenger of blood pursue after him, then they shall not deliver up the manslayer into his hand; because he smote his neighbour unawares, and hated him not beforetime.[↗](../../avenger/#x9 "tree and pragmatics") (Prophets JOS.20.5, JPS 1917)[↗](../../avenger/#x9 "tree and pragmatics")

**avenue** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* A wide street in a town or city, often with trees along the sides.[↗](../../avenue/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* A road or path lined with trees, for example leading to a big house.[↗](../../avenue/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 3:* A way of doing or reaching something (explore every avenue = try every possible way).[↗](../../avenue/#m3 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* We live at 12 Maple Avenue.[↗](../../avenue/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · The avenue was lined with tall oak trees.[↗](../../avenue/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · Cars filled the busy avenue at home time.[↗](../../avenue/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · Walk two blocks down the avenue and turn left.[↗](../../avenue/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · The police are exploring every avenue to find the stolen bike.[↗](../../avenue/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · In New York, avenues run north to south.[↗](../../avenue/#x6 "tree and pragmatics") · A long avenue of trees led up to the castle.[↗](../../avenue/#x7 "tree and pragmatics") · At the end of the avenue, on the very spot where his hut had stood, a gorgeous palace appeared, ablaze with myriads of lights.[↗](../../avenue/#x8 "tree and pragmatics") · 'The Path," 144, Madison Avenue, New York, U.S.A- (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1893)[↗](../../avenue/#x9 "tree and pragmatics")

**aver** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* To aver is to say something firmly, as if it were certainly true.[↗](../../aver/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") This is an old or formal word.[↗](../../aver/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* «There is no one can run like Caelte,» one man averred.[↗](../../aver/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · The Editor still avers that he did not invent the stories.[↗](../../aver/#x2 "tree and pragmatics")

**average** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* The average (mean) is the number you get when you share a total equally: add the numbers, then divide by how many there are.[↗](../../average/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* Average means usual or ordinary, not special.[↗](../../average/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 3:* To average a number is to have it as the average: «He averages 10 points a game».[↗](../../average/#m3 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* The average of 4, 6 and 8 is 6.[↗](../../average/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · She scored an average of 80 points.[↗](../../average/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · The average class has 25 pupils.[↗](../../average/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · On average he reads 15 pages a day.[↗](../../average/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · July has the highest average temperature.[↗](../../average/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · It was just an average day.[↗](../../average/#x6 "tree and pragmatics") · Her marks are above average.[↗](../../average/#x7 "tree and pragmatics") · The car averaged 50 miles an hour.[↗](../../average/#x8 "tree and pragmatics") · The average of 2, 3 and 10 is 5.[↗](../../average/#x9 "tree and pragmatics") · An average adult sleeps about 8 hours.[↗](../../average/#x10 "tree and pragmatics")

**averse** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* Not liking something or strongly against it: «averse to» something.[↗](../../averse/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* «Not averse to» means quite happy to (a polite, slightly joking way to say you like it).[↗](../../averse/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* He's averse to getting up early.[↗](../../averse/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · I'm not averse to a second slice of cake\![↗](../../averse/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · The cat is averse to water.[↗](../../averse/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · Some people are risk-averse with money.[↗](../../averse/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · She was averse to the idea of camping.[↗](../../averse/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · Grandpa isn't averse to a joke.[↗](../../averse/#x6 "tree and pragmatics") · Sigurd was not averse to this, and asked his father where he thought it best to look for a wife.[↗](../../averse/#x7 "tree and pragmatics")

**aversion** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* A strong dislike of something.[↗](../../aversion/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* A feeling of wanting to avoid something.[↗](../../aversion/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* He has a strong aversion to spiders.[↗](../../aversion/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · My cat has an aversion to water.[↗](../../aversion/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · She developed an aversion to fish after being sick.[↗](../../aversion/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · I have an aversion to getting up early.[↗](../../aversion/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · Birds learn an aversion to bitter caterpillars.[↗](../../aversion/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · His aversion to crowds kept him home.[↗](../../aversion/#x6 "tree and pragmatics") · Ares appears to have been an object of aversion to all the gods of Olympus, Aphrodite alone excepted.[↗](../../aversion/#x7 "tree and pragmatics")

**avert** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* To avert something bad means to stop it from happening, as in «avert a disaster».[↗](../../avert/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* To avert your eyes means to look away, often because something is upsetting or embarrassing.[↗](../../avert/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* The driver braked hard and averted a crash.[↗](../../avert/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · Quick thinking averted disaster.[↗](../../avert/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · She averted her eyes from the scary scene.[↗](../../avert/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · Talks between the leaders averted a war.[↗](../../avert/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · He averted his gaze when the teacher looked at him.[↗](../../avert/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · Hence fishermen dreaded his approach, and endeavoured, by prayer and fasting, to avert the misfortunes which he prophesied.[↗](../../avert/#x6 "tree and pragmatics")

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