---
title: crossway — English dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «crossway» in the English dictionary: A crossway is a place where two or more roads meet; a crossroads. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# crossway

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** crossway, two roads, They, you, thou, his · **What happens:** be, meet, carry out, bury, wait, stand · **To what, where:** place, pots, She, crossway, those, thou · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«crossway» in the English dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [crossway in the English dictionary](https://dictionary.elamur.ai/free/en/english/crossway/).

## Everyday, meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: old use — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A crossway is a place where two or more roads meet; a crossroads.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:english:crossway:m1:1
# text = A crossway is a place where two or more roads meet; a crossroads.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	crossway	crossway	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	11	advmod	_	_
7	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	10	nummod	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	more	more	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	7	conj	_	_
10	roads	road	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nsubj	_	_
11	meet	meet	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	14	punct	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	crossroads	crossroad	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a crossway | a place and a crossroads |  |  |  | a crossroads *conj* | tree rules |
| 2 | **meet** | present | two roads |  |  |  |  |  | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Early Modern English, meaning 1 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A place where two or more roads meet.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:english:crossway:m2:1
# text = A place where two or more roads meet.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	8	advmod	_	_
4	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	7	nummod	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	more	more	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	4	conj	_	_
7	roads	road	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	_
8	meet	meet	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **meet** | present | two roads |  |  |  |  |  | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They carried the pots out to a crossway.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:english:crossway:x1:1
# text = They carried the pots out to a crossway.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	carried	carry	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	pots	pot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	out	out	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	crossway	crossway	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **carry out** | past | They | the pots |  |  |  | to a crossway; out *property* | vn act-114 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pot=Eventuality |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She was buried at a crossway.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:english:crossway:x2:1
# text = She was buried at a crossway.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	buried	bury	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	at	at	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	crossway	crossway	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bury** | past · passive |  | She |  | a crossway |  |  | vn put-9.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme at crossway=Destination |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Wait for me at the crossway by the old oak.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:english:crossway:x3:1
# text = Wait for me at the crossway by the old oak.
1	Wait	wait	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
2	for	for	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	1	obl	_	_
4	at	at	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	crossway	crossway	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
7	by	by	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	oak	oak	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wait** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  | the crossway |  | for me; by the old oak | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at crossway=Location |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Neither shouldest thou have stood in the crossway, to cut off those of his that escape; neither shouldest thou have delivered up those of his that did remain in the day of distress. (Prophets OBA.1.14, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Neither shouldest thou have stood in the crossway, to cut off those of his that escape; neither shouldest thou have delivered up those of his that did remain in the day of distress.

<!-- fold The tree, 33 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:english:crossway:x4:1
# text = Neither shouldest thou have stood in the crossway, to cut off those of his that escape; neither shouldest thou have delivered up those of his that did remain in the day of distress.
1	Neither	neither	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
2	shouldest	should	AUX	MD	Style=Arch|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
3	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	5	nsubj	_	_
4	have	have	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	aux	_	_
5	stood	stand	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	crossway	crossway	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	to	to	PART	TO	_	11	mark	_	_
11	cut	cut	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	conj	_	_
12	off	off	ADP	RP	_	11	compound:prt	_	_
13	those	that	PRON	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	11	obj	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
15	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	17	nmod:poss	_	_
16	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	17	det	_	_
17	escape	escape	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	23	punct	_	_
19	neither	neither	ADV	RB	_	23	advmod	_	_
20	shouldest	should	AUX	MD	Style=Arch|VerbForm=Fin	23	aux	_	_
21	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	23	nsubj:pass	_	_
22	have	have	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	23	aux	_	_
23	delivered	deliver	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	conj	_	_
24	up	up	ADP	RP	_	23	compound:prt	_	_
25	those	that	PRON	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	23	obl	_	_
26	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	30	mark	_	_
27	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	30	nmod:poss	_	_
28	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	30	nsubj	_	_
29	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	30	aux	_	_
30	remain	remain	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	25	acl	_	_
31	in	in	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
32	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	33	det	_	_
33	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	obl	_	_
34	of	of	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
35	distress	distress	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stand** | should · perfect | thou |  |  | the crossway |  | neither *property* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in crossway=Location |
| 2 | **cut off** | to-infinitive | thou *not said here* | those of his escape |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Affector that=Eventuality |
| 3 | **deliver up** | should · perfect · passive |  | thou |  |  |  | those *obl*; neither *property* | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 4 | **remain** | past · do-support |  |  |  |  | day | his *= he* *nmod:poss* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 5 | **escape** |  | his *= he* |  |  |  |  |  | nom escape «act intransitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Prophets OBA.1.14, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:english:crossway:x4:2
# text = (Prophets OBA.1.14, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	OBA.1.14	OBA.1.14	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Then they carried out the pots to a crossway.

<!-- .note -->
From Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:english:crossway:x5:1
# text = Then they carried out the pots to a crossway.
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	3	advmod	_	_
2	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	carried	carry	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	out	out	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	pots	pot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
7	to	to	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	crossway	crossway	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **carry out** | past | they | the pots |  |  | then | to a crossway | vn act-114 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pot=Eventuality |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
“I had an evil vision,” said she, “I saw crossways.

<!-- .note -->
From Irish Fairy Tales.

<!-- fold The tree, 10 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:english:crossway:x6:1
# text = “I had an evil vision,” said she, “I saw crossways.
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	ccomp	_	_
4	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	evil	evil	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	vision	vision	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
9	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
12	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
14	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	conj	_	_
15	crossways	crossway	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** *in a quote* | past | I | a evil vision |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent vision=Patient |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | she |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **see** *in a quote* | past | I | crossways |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer crossway=Stimulus |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Her body was passed underneath the threshold and buried at a crossway.

<!-- .note -->
From Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:english:crossway:x7:1
# text = Her body was passed underneath the threshold and buried at a crossway.
1	Her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	body	body	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	passed	pass	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	underneath	underneath	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	threshold	threshold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	buried	bury	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	conj	_	_
10	at	at	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	crossway	crossway	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pass** | past · passive |  | Her body |  | the threshold |  |  | vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: subject=Theme underneath threshold=Destination |
| 2 | **bury** | participle |  |  |  | a crossway |  |  | vn put-9.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent at crossway=Destination |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the English dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader, each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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