---
title: C — The English dictionary with trees and pragmatics · page 37
description: The 1959 words of the English dictionary under C, every meaning for a pupil and every example with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# C — The English dictionary · page 37

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**cleanly** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* Cleanly means in a neat, smooth way, with one quick even cut or break and no mess.[↗](../../cleanly/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* Cleanly means in a clean way, without making things dirty.[↗](../../cleanly/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 3:* In sport, cleanly means fairly and well, without a foul or a fumble.[↗](../../cleanly/#m3 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* The sharp scissors cut the paper cleanly.[↗](../../cleanly/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · The branch snapped cleanly in two.[↗](../../cleanly/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · The keeper caught the ball cleanly.[↗](../../cleanly/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · Gas burns more cleanly than coal.[↗](../../cleanly/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · He won the race cleanly, without pushing anyone.[↗](../../cleanly/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · The vet said the bone had broken cleanly and would heal well.[↗](../../cleanly/#x6 "tree and pragmatics") · Wipe the knife so it slices the cake cleanly.[↗](../../cleanly/#x7 "tree and pragmatics") · Karen herself was dressed very neatly and cleanly; she was taught to read and to sew, and people said that she was pretty.[↗](../../cleanly/#x8 "tree and pragmatics")

**cleanness** — *In Jewish tradition, meaning 1:* The state of being clean, pure or free from guilt.[↗](../../cleanness/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* Therefore hath the LORD recompensed me according to my righteousness, according to my cleanness in His eyes.[↗](../../cleanness/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") (Prophets 2SA.22.25, JPS 1917)[↗](../../cleanness/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · He delivereth him that is innocent, yea, thou shalt be delivered through the cleanness of thy hands.[↗](../../cleanness/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") (Writings JOB.22.30, JPS 1917)[↗](../../cleanness/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · The LORD rewarded me according to my righteousness; according to the cleanness of my hands hath He recompensed me.[↗](../../cleanness/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") (Prophets 2SA.22.21, JPS 1917)[↗](../../cleanness/#x3 "tree and pragmatics")

**cleanse** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* To clean something thoroughly, especially skin or a wound: «Cleanse the cut with water.».[↗](../../cleanse/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* To make someone or something pure, free from sin or guilt (church, Bible): «Cleanse me from my sin.».[↗](../../cleanse/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 3:* To remove harmful or unwanted things: «cleanse the air».[↗](../../cleanse/#m3 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 4:* (history) «Ethnic cleansing» means driving out or killing a whole group of people because of who they are — a terrible crime.[↗](../../cleanse/#m4 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* Cleanse the scratch with clean water before putting on a plaster.[↗](../../cleanse/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · Mum uses a face cleanser every night.[↗](../../cleanse/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · «Wash me and cleanse me from my sin,» says the psalm.[↗](../../cleanse/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · The rain seemed to cleanse the dusty city.[↗](../../cleanse/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · The nurse cleansed the wound carefully.[↗](../../cleanse/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · Christians believe that God's forgiveness cleanses the heart.[↗](../../cleanse/#x6 "tree and pragmatics") · Then the hall was cleansed and the banquet recommenced.[↗](../../cleanse/#x7 "tree and pragmatics") · 'Take the Levites from among the children of Israel, and cleanse them.[↗](../../cleanse/#x8 "tree and pragmatics") (Torah NUM.8.6, JPS 1917)[↗](../../cleanse/#x8 "tree and pragmatics") · And he shall take to cleanse the house two birds, and cedar-wood, and scarlet, and hyssop.[↗](../../cleanse/#x9 "tree and pragmatics") (Torah LEV.14.49, JPS 1917)[↗](../../cleanse/#x9 "tree and pragmatics") · But if she be cleansed of her issue, then she shall number to herself seven days, and after that she shall be clean.[↗](../../cleanse/#x10 "tree and pragmatics") (Torah LEV.15.28, JPS 1917)[↗](../../cleanse/#x10 "tree and pragmatics") · Thus shall they cleanse the land.[↗](../../cleanse/#x11 "tree and pragmatics") (Prophets EZK.39.16, JPS 1917)[↗](../../cleanse/#x11 "tree and pragmatics") · Wash me thoroughly from mine iniquity, and cleanse me from my sin.[↗](../../cleanse/#x12 "tree and pragmatics") (Writings PSA.51.4, JPS 1917)[↗](../../cleanse/#x12 "tree and pragmatics") · And after he is cleansed, they shall reckon unto him seven days.[↗](../../cleanse/#x13 "tree and pragmatics") (Prophets EZK.44.26, JPS 1917)[↗](../../cleanse/#x13 "tree and pragmatics")

**cleansing** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* Making something very clean, especially skin or a wound: cleansing a cut.[↗](../../cleansing/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* (adjective) Used for cleaning: cleansing wipes, cleansing lotion.[↗](../../cleansing/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 3:* (formal) Getting rid of something bad or unwanted, including feelings: a cleansing cry.[↗](../../cleansing/#m3 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 4:* (euphemism) Ethnic cleansing: a horrible crime where people are forced out or killed because of their group.[↗](../../cleansing/#m4 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* Start by cleansing the cut with clean water.[↗](../../cleansing/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · Mum uses a cleansing lotion on her face.[↗](../../cleansing/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · The nurse was cleansing the wound before putting on a plaster.[↗](../../cleansing/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · Fresh air felt cleansing after the stuffy classroom.[↗](../../cleansing/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · (euphemism) Ethnic cleansing is a crime against humanity, though the words sound clean.[↗](../../cleansing/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · Cleansing wipes are handy on a camping trip.[↗](../../cleansing/#x6 "tree and pragmatics") · But cleansing his feathers as often as he would, he could not change their color, while through want of food he perished.[↗](../../cleansing/#x7 "tree and pragmatics") · But if the scall spread abroad in the skin after his cleansing, (Torah LEV.13.35, JPS 1917)[↗](../../cleansing/#x8 "tree and pragmatics") · This shall be the law of the leper in the day of his cleansing: he shall be brought unto the priest.[↗](../../cleansing/#x9 "tree and pragmatics") (Torah LEV.14.2, JPS 1917)[↗](../../cleansing/#x9 "tree and pragmatics") · This is the law of him in whom is the plague of leprosy, whose means suffice not for that which pertaineth to his cleansing.[↗](../../cleansing/#x10 "tree and pragmatics") (Torah LEV.14.32, JPS 1917)[↗](../../cleansing/#x10 "tree and pragmatics") · And as for thy nativity, in the day thou wast born thy navel was not cut, neither wast thou washed in water for cleansing; thou was not salted at all, nor swaddled at all.[↗](../../cleansing/#x11 "tree and pragmatics") (Prophets EZK.16.4, JPS 1917)[↗](../../cleansing/#x11 "tree and pragmatics")

**clear** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* Easy to understand, see or hear: clear instructions, a clear voice.[↗](../../clear/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* See-through, like clean water or glass: transparent.[↗](../../clear/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 3:* Without clouds or rain: a clear sky.[↗](../../clear/#m3 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 4:* Without anything in the way: a clear road.[↗](../../clear/#m4 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 5:* Certain, with no doubt: «It's clear that he's tired».[↗](../../clear/#m5 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 6:* Verb: to remove things from a place: clear the table.[↗](../../clear/#m6 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 7:* Verb: of weather: to become bright: «It cleared up».[↗](../../clear/#m7 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* The water in the lake was so clear we could see fish.[↗](../../clear/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · Is that clear?[↗](../../clear/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · The sky is clear tonight, so we can see the stars.[↗](../../clear/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · Please clear the table after dinner.[↗](../../clear/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · Keep clear of the train doors.[↗](../../clear/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · Look both ways and cross when the road is clear.[↗](../../clear/#x6 "tree and pragmatics") · It cleared up in the afternoon.[↗](../../clear/#x7 "tree and pragmatics") · Glass is a clear material — light goes through it.[↗](../../clear/#x8 "tree and pragmatics") · Little by little the sky cleared.[↗](../../clear/#x9 "tree and pragmatics") · And the man shall be clear from iniquity, and that woman shall bear her iniquity.[↗](../../clear/#x10 "tree and pragmatics") (Torah NUM.5.31, JPS 1917)[↗](../../clear/#x10 "tree and pragmatics") · And if the woman be not defiled, but be clean; then she shall be cleared, and shall conceive seed.[↗](../../clear/#x11 "tree and pragmatics") (Torah NUM.5.28, JPS 1917)[↗](../../clear/#x11 "tree and pragmatics") · And Judah said: 'What shall we say unto my lord? what shall we speak? or how shall we clear ourselves?[↗](../../clear/#x12 "tree and pragmatics") (Torah GEN.44.16, JPS 1917)[↗](../../clear/#x12 "tree and pragmatics") · Clear Thou me from hidden faults.[↗](../../clear/#x13 "tree and pragmatics") (Writings PSA.19.13, JPS 1917)[↗](../../clear/#x13 "tree and pragmatics") · Thou didst clear a place before it, and it took deep root, and filled the land.[↗](../../clear/#x14 "tree and pragmatics") (Writings PSA.80.10, JPS 1917)[↗](../../clear/#x14 "tree and pragmatics") · And thy life shall be clearer than the noonday; though there be darkness, it shall be as the morning.[↗](../../clear/#x15 "tree and pragmatics") (Writings JOB.11.17, JPS 1917)[↗](../../clear/#x15 "tree and pragmatics")

**clearance** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* The act of clearing something away, like clearing land or rubbish.[↗](../../clearance/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* Official permission to do something, such as security clearance or clearance for a plane to land.[↗](../../clearance/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 3:* The amount of space between two things, like the height under a bridge.[↗](../../clearance/#m3 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 4:* A clearance sale: a sale with low prices to sell old stock.[↗](../../clearance/#m4 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 5:* (football, rugby) Kicking or heading the ball away from your goal.[↗](../../clearance/#m5 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* The bridge has a clearance of 3.5 metres, so the lorry can't fit.[↗](../../clearance/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · I bought shoes in the clearance sale.[↗](../../clearance/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · The pilot waited for clearance to land.[↗](../../clearance/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · The defender made a great clearance off the line.[↗](../../clearance/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · The Highland Clearances forced families from their homes.[↗](../../clearance/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · The council did a clearance of the old rubbish.[↗](../../clearance/#x6 "tree and pragmatics")

**clearing** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* A clearing is an open space in a wood or forest where there are no trees.[↗](../../clearing/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* Clearing is the -ing form of the verb «clear»: taking things away so a place is empty, tidy or open (clearing the table, clearing snow).[↗](../../clearing/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 3:* Clearing also describes weather getting brighter as clouds go away.[↗](../../clearing/#m3 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* The deer stood in a clearing in the forest.[↗](../../clearing/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · We put up our tent in a small clearing.[↗](../../clearing/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · Sunlight shone into the clearing.[↗](../../clearing/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · I am clearing the table after dinner.[↗](../../clearing/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · The workers are clearing snow from the road.[↗](../../clearing/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · The sky is clearing, so we can go outside.[↗](../../clearing/#x6 "tree and pragmatics") · The children were clearing away the paints.[↗](../../clearing/#x7 "tree and pragmatics") · Now they reached a clearing in the forest and there stood a statue.[↗](../../clearing/#x8 "tree and pragmatics")

**clearly** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* Clearly means in a way that is easy to see, hear or understand: «Speak clearly».[↗](../../clearly/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* Clearly means obviously, without doubt: «She was clearly upset».[↗](../../clearly/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* Please speak clearly so we can hear you.[↗](../../clearly/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · Write your name clearly at the top.[↗](../../clearly/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · The path is clearly marked with signs.[↗](../../clearly/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · Clearly, it was going to rain.[↗](../../clearly/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · With glasses she can see clearly.[↗](../../clearly/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · Explain your answer clearly.[↗](../../clearly/#x6 "tree and pragmatics") · He was clearly tired after the trip.[↗](../../clearly/#x7 "tree and pragmatics") · Say your address clearly when you call for help.[↗](../../clearly/#x8 "tree and pragmatics") · Clearly her husband must be bewitched.[↗](../../clearly/#x9 "tree and pragmatics") · And when thou preparest a bullock for a burnt-offering, or for a sacrifice, in fulfilment of a vow clearly uttered, or for peace-offerings unto the LORD; (Torah NUM.15.8, JPS 1917)[↗](../../clearly/#x10 "tree and pragmatics") · Speak unto the children of Israel, and say unto them: When a man shall clearly utter a vow of persons unto the LORD, according to thy valuation, (Torah LEV.27.2, JPS 1917)[↗](../../clearly/#x11 "tree and pragmatics") · Speak unto the children of Israel, and say unto them: When either man or woman shall clearly utter a vow, the vow of a Nazirite, to consecrate himself unto the LORD, (Torah NUM.6.2, JPS 1917)[↗](../../clearly/#x12 "tree and pragmatics")

**clearness** — *In Jewish tradition, meaning 1:* the quality of being clear or see-through.[↗](../../clearness/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* and they saw the God of Israel; and there was under His feet the like of a paved work of sapphire stone, and the like of the very heaven for clearness.[↗](../../clearness/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") (Torah EXO.24.10, JPS 1917)[↗](../../clearness/#x1 "tree and pragmatics")

**cleat** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* A cleat is one of the hard studs on the bottom of sports shoes that stop you slipping on grass.[↗](../../cleat/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* Cleats (US, Canada) are sports shoes with these studs, such as football or soccer boots.[↗](../../cleat/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 3:* A cleat is a T-shaped piece of metal or wood on a boat or dock that you tie a rope around.[↗](../../cleat/#m3 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* Put on your cleats before soccer practice.[↗](../../cleat/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · My cleats are covered in mud.[↗](../../cleat/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · The cleats help me run on wet grass.[↗](../../cleat/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · Take your cleats off before you come inside.[↗](../../cleat/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · Baseball cleats have metal or plastic studs.[↗](../../cleat/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · The sailor tied the rope to a cleat on the dock.[↗](../../cleat/#x6 "tree and pragmatics") · My new cleats are a size bigger.[↗](../../cleat/#x7 "tree and pragmatics") · You can't wear cleats on the gym floor.[↗](../../cleat/#x8 "tree and pragmatics")

**cleave** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* (old use) To split or cut right through something with a heavy blow: cleave the wood with an axe.[↗](../../cleave/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* To stick firmly to something: cleave to the truth.[↗](../../cleave/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* The knight cried, «Cleave him to the brisket!»[↗](../../cleave/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · The axe cleaved the log in two.[↗](../../cleave/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · In old tales the hero could cleave a rock with one blow.[↗](../../cleave/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · But ye that did cleave unto the LORD your God are alive every one of you this day.[↗](../../cleave/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") (Torah DEU.4.4, JPS 1917)[↗](../../cleave/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · Therefore shall a man leave his father and his mother, and shall cleave unto his wife, and they shall be one flesh.[↗](../../cleave/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") (Torah GEN.2.24, JPS 1917)[↗](../../cleave/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · And his soul did cleave unto Dinah the daughter of Jacob, and he loved the damsel, and spoke comfortingly unto the damsel.[↗](../../cleave/#x6 "tree and pragmatics") (Torah GEN.34.3, JPS 1917)[↗](../../cleave/#x6 "tree and pragmatics") · Thou dost cleave the earth with rivers.[↗](../../cleave/#x7 "tree and pragmatics") (Prophets HAB.3.9, JPS 1917)[↗](../../cleave/#x7 "tree and pragmatics") · Thou didst cleave fountain and brook; Thou driedst up ever-flowing rivers.[↗](../../cleave/#x8 "tree and pragmatics") (Writings PSA.74.15, JPS 1917)[↗](../../cleave/#x8 "tree and pragmatics") · I cleave unto Thy testimonies; O LORD, put me not to shame.[↗](../../cleave/#x9 "tree and pragmatics") (Writings PSA.119.31, JPS 1917)[↗](../../cleave/#x9 "tree and pragmatics")

**clef** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* A sign at the start of a line of written music that shows how high or low the notes are: the treble clef for higher notes and the bass clef for lower ones.[↗](../../clef/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* Draw a treble clef at the start of the stave.[↗](../../clef/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · The bass clef is used for the cello and the tuba.[↗](../../clef/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · Piano music has a treble clef on top and a bass clef underneath.[↗](../../clef/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · The treble clef curls round the line for G.[↗](../../clef/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · In the bass clef, the notes have different names on the same lines.[↗](../../clef/#x5 "tree and pragmatics")

**cleft** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* A cleft is a narrow crack or split in rock or ground, often deep.[↗](../../cleft/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* (old use) Split open, as in a cleft stick.[↗](../../cleft/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* The goat jumped across the cleft in the rock.[↗](../../cleft/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · Snow lay in the mountain clefts.[↗](../../cleft/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · We hid in a cleft in the cliff.[↗](../../cleft/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · And it shall come to pass, while My glory passeth by, that I will put thee in a cleft of the rock, and will cover thee with My hand until I have passed by.[↗](../../cleft/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") (Torah EXO.33.22, JPS 1917)[↗](../../cleft/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · Who hath cleft a channel for the waterflood, or a way for the lightning of the thunder; (Writings JOB.38.25, JPS 1917)[↗](../../cleft/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · In the clefts of the valleys must they dwell, in holes of the earth and of the rocks.[↗](../../cleft/#x6 "tree and pragmatics") (Writings JOB.30.6, JPS 1917)[↗](../../cleft/#x6 "tree and pragmatics") · Thou hast made the land to shake, Thou hast cleft it; heal the breaches thereof; for it tottereth.[↗](../../cleft/#x7 "tree and pragmatics") (Writings PSA.60.4, JPS 1917)[↗](../../cleft/#x7 "tree and pragmatics")

**clemency** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* Mercy: a kind willingness to pardon or spare someone who could be punished.[↗](../../clemency/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* The king showed clemency and let the thief go.[↗](../../clemency/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · The gods were known for their clemency.[↗](../../clemency/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · We asked the judge for clemency.[↗](../../clemency/#x3 "tree and pragmatics")

**clementine** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* A small, sweet orange fruit that is easy to peel and usually has no seeds.[↗](../../clementine/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* (a name) Clementine is a girl's name, as in the old song "Oh My Darling, Clementine".[↗](../../clementine/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* I put a clementine in my lunchbox.[↗](../../clementine/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · Clementines are easy to peel.[↗](../../clementine/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · We got clementines in our Christmas stockings.[↗](../../clementine/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · A bag has 12 clementines; share them between 4 people, that's 3 each.[↗](../../clementine/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · "Oh My Darling, Clementine" is an old American song.[↗](../../clementine/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · The clementine segments were sweet and juicy.[↗](../../clementine/#x6 "tree and pragmatics")

**clench** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* To clench your fists or teeth means to press them tightly together.[↗](../../clench/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* To clench something means to hold it very tightly.[↗](../../clench/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* He clenched his fists in anger.[↗](../../clench/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · She clenched her teeth and kept going.[↗](../../clench/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · «I am fine,» he said through clenched teeth.[↗](../../clench/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · Try not to clench your jaw when you are worried.[↗](../../clench/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · The baby clenched my finger in her tiny hand.[↗](../../clench/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · Unclench your hands and take a deep breath.[↗](../../clench/#x6 "tree and pragmatics") · Tom clenched the rope as he climbed.[↗](../../clench/#x7 "tree and pragmatics") · My stomach clenched with fear.[↗](../../clench/#x8 "tree and pragmatics") · Ugly monkeys sat high in the branches and clenched their teeth.[↗](../../clench/#x9 "tree and pragmatics")

**clepsydra** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* A water clock: an ancient device that measures time by how much water drips into or out of a container.[↗](../../clepsydra/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* A clepsydra measures time with dripping water.[↗](../../clepsydra/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · Ancient Egyptians used a clepsydra at night when sundials didn't work.[↗](../../clepsydra/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · We built a clepsydra from a plastic cup with a hole.[↗](../../clepsydra/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · In Athens, a clepsydra timed each speaker in court.[↗](../../clepsydra/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · Marks on the clepsydra showed how many hours had passed.[↗](../../clepsydra/#x5 "tree and pragmatics")

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