---
title: I — The English dictionary with trees and pragmatics · page 20
description: The 831 words of the English dictionary under I, every meaning for a pupil and every example with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# I — The English dictionary · page 20

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**inflectional** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* (grammar) To do with inflection: changing the form of words to show grammar.[↗](../../inflectional/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* Describing endings or languages that work this way: inflectional endings, an inflectional language.[↗](../../inflectional/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* «-ing» is an inflectional ending.[↗](../../inflectional/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · Inflectional suffixes don't change the word class: «walk» and «walked» are both verbs.[↗](../../inflectional/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · Russian and Ukrainian have many inflectional endings.[↗](../../inflectional/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · The teacher listed English's eight inflectional endings.[↗](../../inflectional/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · «Happiness» uses a derivational suffix, not an inflectional one.[↗](../../inflectional/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · «Biggest» uses the inflectional ending «-est».[↗](../../inflectional/#x6 "tree and pragmatics")

**inflexible** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* Inexible things cannot bend: an inflexible rod is stiff.[↗](../../inflexible/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* Inflexible people will not change their mind or give way.[↗](../../inflexible/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* The judge was inflexible and would not bend the rules.[↗](../../inflexible/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · The metal bar is inflexible.[↗](../../inflexible/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · My teacher's rule is inflexible: no phones in class.[↗](../../inflexible/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · The princess remained inflexible.[↗](../../inflexible/#x4 "tree and pragmatics")

**inflict** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* To inflict something bad, like pain, harm, damage or punishment, is to make someone or something suffer it.[↗](../../inflict/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* (humorous) To inflict something on someone is to make them put up with something unwanted, like bad singing.[↗](../../inflict/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* The storm inflicted serious damage on the town.[↗](../../inflict/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · It is cruel to inflict pain on animals.[↗](../../inflict/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · The team inflicted a heavy defeat on their rivals.[↗](../../inflict/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · The punishment inflicted on the thief was a big fine.[↗](../../inflict/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · Dad inflicted his terrible jokes on us all through dinner.[↗](../../inflict/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · The wound was self-inflicted — he cut himself by accident.[↗](../../inflict/#x6 "tree and pragmatics") · The hail inflicted damage on the cars.[↗](../../inflict/#x7 "tree and pragmatics") · Then there was the dancer, who inflicted the wound which has caused me to be here now; she was very violent\![↗](../../inflict/#x8 "tree and pragmatics")

**infliction** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* (formal) The act of causing pain, harm or a punishment to someone.[↗](../../infliction/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* Something unpleasant that someone has to suffer.[↗](../../infliction/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* The law forbids the infliction of cruelty on animals.[↗](../../infliction/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · The infliction of pain is never a fair punishment.[↗](../../infliction/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · The judge spoke of the infliction of serious injury.[↗](../../infliction/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · The long wait was an infliction we had to bear.[↗](../../infliction/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · Teachers must not use the infliction of fear.[↗](../../infliction/#x5 "tree and pragmatics")

**inflow** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* The movement of water, air or other things flowing into a place: the inflow of a river into a lake.[↗](../../inflow/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* The arrival of money, people or goods into a place: an inflow of visitors, cash inflow.[↗](../../inflow/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* The inflow of river water filled the reservoir.[↗](../../inflow/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · The bathtub's inflow was faster than its outflow, so it overflowed.[↗](../../inflow/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · Summer brings an inflow of tourists to the beach town.[↗](../../inflow/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · The shop had a big inflow of money at Christmas.[↗](../../inflow/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · Warm air inflow made the room cosy.[↗](../../inflow/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · If the inflow is 5 litres a minute and the outflow is 3, the tank gains 2 litres a minute.[↗](../../inflow/#x6 "tree and pragmatics")

**inflowing** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* Flowing in; coming into a place: inflowing water, inflowing air.[↗](../../inflowing/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* Arriving into a place in a stream: inflowing traffic, inflowing money.[↗](../../inflowing/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* Several inflowing streams feed the lake.[↗](../../inflowing/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · The inflowing tide covered the sand.[↗](../../inflowing/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · Cold inflowing air came through the open window.[↗](../../inflowing/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · The inflowing water raised the level of the tank by 2 cm a minute.[↗](../../inflowing/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · The inflowing river brings mud into the bay.[↗](../../inflowing/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · Inflowing sea water made the river taste salty near its mouth.[↗](../../inflowing/#x6 "tree and pragmatics") · While he prayed he bethought himself that he could get into the garden with a stream of inflowing water.[↗](../../inflowing/#x7 "tree and pragmatics")

**influence** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* Influence is the power to change how someone thinks or acts, or how something happens.[↗](../../influence/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* An influence is a person or thing that changes you: «She is a good influence.».[↗](../../influence/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 3:* (verb) To influence means to have an effect on someone or something.[↗](../../influence/#m3 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 4:* Under the influence (euphemism) means drunk or on drugs.[↗](../../influence/#m4 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* Light and water influence how fast plants grow.[↗](../../influence/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · Her big sister is a good influence on her.[↗](../../influence/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · Adverts try to influence what we buy.[↗](../../influence/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · The moon influences the tides.[↗](../../influence/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · Never get in a car with a driver under the influence.[↗](../../influence/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · Which factor had the most influence on the result?[↗](../../influence/#x6 "tree and pragmatics") · They always were a bad influence\![↗](../../influence/#x7 "tree and pragmatics") · The Sixth Path is called the Intelligence of the Mediating Influence, because in it are multiplied the (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1893)[↗](../../influence/#x8 "tree and pragmatics") · It illuminates the splendor of all lights, and causes a supply of influence to emanate from the Prince of countenances.[↗](../../influence/#x9 "tree and pragmatics") (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1887)[↗](../../influence/#x9 "tree and pragmatics") · It illuminates the splendour . of all the lights, and causes a supply of influence to emanate from the .[↗](../../influence/#x10 "tree and pragmatics") (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1893)[↗](../../influence/#x10 "tree and pragmatics")

**influencer** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* An influencer is a person who is paid by companies or popular on social media to make people want to buy or do things.[↗](../../influencer/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* An influencer can be any person who changes what others think or do.[↗](../../influencer/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* The influencer posted a video about new trainers.[↗](../../influencer/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · Some influencers are paid to say they like a product.[↗](../../influencer/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · Look for "ad" on an influencer's post.[↗](../../influencer/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · She wants to be a gaming influencer.[↗](../../influencer/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · An influencer with a million followers can sell lots of toys.[↗](../../influencer/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · Don't believe everything an influencer says.[↗](../../influencer/#x6 "tree and pragmatics") · My big sister copies a make-up influencer.[↗](../../influencer/#x7 "tree and pragmatics") · Good teachers can be strong influencers too.[↗](../../influencer/#x8 "tree and pragmatics")

**influential** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* Having a lot of influence: able to change what other people think or do, or how things happen.[↗](../../influential/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* Darwin's book was very influential in science.[↗](../../influential/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · She is an influential leader in her town.[↗](../../influential/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · The Beatles were one of the most influential bands ever.[↗](../../influential/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · Advertising can be influential on what children want.[↗](../../influential/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · Our class rep was influential in getting new benches.[↗](../../influential/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · An influential teacher can change your life.[↗](../../influential/#x6 "tree and pragmatics")

**influenza** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* An illness caused by a virus, with a high temperature, aches, a sore throat, a cough and great tiredness; it spreads easily.[↗](../../influenza/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* Influenza is spread by coughs and sneezes.[↗](../../influenza/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · Grandma has her flu jab every winter.[↗](../../influenza/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · I was off school with influenza for a week.[↗](../../influenza/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · Catch it, bin it, kill it — to stop flu spreading.[↗](../../influenza/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · Influenza is caused by a virus, not bacteria.[↗](../../influenza/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · The doctor said it was influenza, not a cold.[↗](../../influenza/#x6 "tree and pragmatics")

**influx** — *In Jewish tradition, meaning 1:* A flowing in, especially of a great amount.[↗](../../influx/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* influxes of the emanations, for it causes that influence to flow into all the reservoirs of the Blessings, with which these themselves are united.[↗](../../influx/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1893)[↗](../../influx/#x1 "tree and pragmatics")

**info** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* (informal) Information: facts or details about something.[↗](../../info/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* A short word on signs and buttons meaning "information here", such as an info desk or an info button.[↗](../../info/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* Can you send me the info about the swimming club?[↗](../../info/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · I need more info before I decide.[↗](../../info/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · The info desk at the museum gave us a map.[↗](../../info/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · Click the little "i" for info.[↗](../../info/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · For your info, the bus leaves at eight o'clock.[↗](../../info/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · Put your contact info on the form.[↗](../../info/#x6 "tree and pragmatics") · Thanks for the info, mate.[↗](../../info/#x7 "tree and pragmatics")

**inform** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* To tell someone facts or news, especially officially.[↗](../../inform/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* inform on someone: to tell the police or a person in charge about something wrong someone did.[↗](../../inform/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* Please inform your teacher if you are going to be absent.[↗](../../inform/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · We are pleased to inform you that you have won.[↗](../../inform/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · The pilot informed us that we would land soon.[↗](../../inform/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · Keep me informed about the plan.[↗](../../inform/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · He informed on the robbers to the police.[↗](../../inform/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · She is well informed about dinosaurs.[↗](../../inform/#x6 "tree and pragmatics") · The Queen hastened to inform the King her husband, and the wedding took place on the spot.[↗](../../inform/#x7 "tree and pragmatics")

**informal** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* Informal means relaxed and friendly, not following strict rules: «an informal party».[↗](../../informal/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* Informal language is the everyday way people talk to friends and family, with words like «gonna», «kids» or «mate».[↗](../../informal/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 3:* Not official: «an informal agreement».[↗](../../informal/#m3 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* Write an informal letter to your best friend.[↗](../../informal/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · «Kids» is an informal word for children.[↗](../../informal/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · The party was informal, so we wore jeans.[↗](../../informal/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · We had an informal chat after class.[↗](../../informal/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · Don't use informal words in your exam essay.[↗](../../informal/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · The meeting was quite informal.[↗](../../informal/#x6 "tree and pragmatics")

**informally** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* In a relaxed, friendly, everyday way, not following strict rules or formal manners.[↗](../../informally/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* Unofficially; not as part of an official process: they agreed informally.[↗](../../informally/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 3:* (language) Using casual words, slang or chatty style rather than formal language.[↗](../../informally/#m3 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* You can write informally in a text to your friend.[↗](../../informally/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · We dressed informally for the class picnic.[↗](../../informally/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · The Houses of Parliament clock is informally known as Big Ben.[↗](../../informally/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · The teachers met informally in the staff room.[↗](../../informally/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · «Gonna» is how people say «going to» informally.[↗](../../informally/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · They informally agreed to swap stickers.[↗](../../informally/#x6 "tree and pragmatics")

**informant** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* A person who gives information to someone else, for example to a researcher or reporter.[↗](../../informant/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* A person who secretly gives the police information about crimes; an informer.[↗](../../informant/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* The scientist interviewed local informants about the old customs.[↗](../../informant/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · The police received a tip from an informant.[↗](../../informant/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · The reporter would not name her informant.[↗](../../informant/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · In the Wild Wood, the weasels had an informant who told them Toad's plans.[↗](../../informant/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · Language researchers record informants speaking their language.[↗](../../informant/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · The detective met his informant in the café.[↗](../../informant/#x6 "tree and pragmatics") · “He is reputed to be a wise and hardy man,” said his informant.[↗](../../informant/#x7 "tree and pragmatics")

**information** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* Information is facts or details about something.[↗](../../information/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* Information is what you learn when you read, listen or look something up.[↗](../../information/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 3:* Information is also what computers store and send.[↗](../../information/#m3 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* We found information about whales in the library.[↗](../../information/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · The sign gives information about opening times.[↗](../../information/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · Don't share personal information online.[↗](../../information/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · Is this information true?[↗](../../information/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") Check another source.[↗](../../information/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · The table shows information about the weather.[↗](../../information/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · Thanks for the information\![↗](../../information/#x6 "tree and pragmatics") · Underline the information you need to solve the problem.[↗](../../information/#x7 "tree and pragmatics") · Computers store lots of information.[↗](../../information/#x8 "tree and pragmatics") · Finnian received that information with respect and interest.[↗](../../information/#x9 "tree and pragmatics") · Google's mission is to organize the world's information and to make it universally accessible and useful.[↗](../../information/#x10 "tree and pragmatics") (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1893)[↗](../../information/#x10 "tree and pragmatics")

**informative** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* Informative means giving useful facts and knowledge.[↗](../../informative/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* The museum guide gave an informative talk.[↗](../../informative/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · Write an informative leaflet about recycling.[↗](../../informative/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · The documentary about sharks was very informative.[↗](../../informative/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · An informative text uses facts, not opinions.[↗](../../informative/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · Thanks for the informative email.[↗](../../informative/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · The poster was colourful and informative.[↗](../../informative/#x6 "tree and pragmatics")

**informed** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* Told someone facts or news, often in a formal way.[↗](../../informed/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* (adjective) Knowing a lot about a subject; having good information.[↗](../../informed/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 3:* «Inform on»: secretly tell the police or someone in charge about another person's wrongdoing.[↗](../../informed/#m3 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* The school informed parents about the trip.[↗](../../informed/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · We were informed that the match was cancelled.[↗](../../informed/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · Please keep me informed.[↗](../../informed/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · She made an informed choice after reading the facts.[↗](../../informed/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · He is well-informed about dinosaurs.[↗](../../informed/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · The thief was caught after someone informed on him.[↗](../../informed/#x6 "tree and pragmatics") · I informed my teacher that I felt ill.[↗](../../informed/#x7 "tree and pragmatics") · When the vizier read the letter he went and informed the king.[↗](../../informed/#x8 "tree and pragmatics")

**informing** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* Informing is the -ing form of «inform», which means to tell someone facts or news, especially officially.[↗](../../informing/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* Informing on someone (or informing against someone) means telling the police or someone in charge about something wrong that they did.[↗](../../informing/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* We are informing parents about the school trip by letter.[↗](../../informing/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · Thank you for informing us of the change.[↗](../../informing/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · The pilot was informing passengers about the delay.[↗](../../informing/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · Informing a teacher about bullying is the right thing to do.[↗](../../informing/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · He was accused of informing on his friends to the police.[↗](../../informing/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · The sign is informing drivers that the road is closed.[↗](../../informing/#x6 "tree and pragmatics") · Keep me informed about your plans.[↗](../../informing/#x7 "tree and pragmatics") · + Maintain attribution The Google "watermark" you see on each file is essential for informing people about this project and helping them find additional materials through Google Book Search.[↗](../../informing/#x8 "tree and pragmatics") (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1893)[↗](../../informing/#x8 "tree and pragmatics")

**infrared** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* Infrared is a kind of light that our eyes cannot see, just beyond red light; we feel it as heat.[↗](../../infrared/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* Infrared things use or show this light, like infrared cameras that see warm bodies in the dark, or TV remote controls.[↗](../../infrared/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* Your TV remote sends infrared light.[↗](../../infrared/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · Infrared cameras can see animals at night by their warmth.[↗](../../infrared/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · We can't see infrared, but we can feel it as heat.[↗](../../infrared/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · Snakes called pit vipers can sense infrared.[↗](../../infrared/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · The burglar alarm uses an infrared sensor.[↗](../../infrared/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · The Sun gives off infrared as well as visible light.[↗](../../infrared/#x6 "tree and pragmatics") · Infrared photos show warm things as bright colours.[↗](../../infrared/#x7 "tree and pragmatics") · Firefighters use infrared cameras to find people in smoke.[↗](../../infrared/#x8 "tree and pragmatics")

**infrequent** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* Not happening often; rare.[↗](../../infrequent/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* Happening with long gaps in between: infrequent buses.[↗](../../infrequent/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* Buses to our village are infrequent, only two a day.[↗](../../infrequent/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · Total eclipses are infrequent in any one place.[↗](../../infrequent/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · Our cousin from Canada is an infrequent visitor.[↗](../../infrequent/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · Snow is infrequent in Sydney.[↗](../../infrequent/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · In the tally chart, red cars were infrequent.[↗](../../infrequent/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · His infrequent mistakes were easy to fix.[↗](../../infrequent/#x6 "tree and pragmatics")

**infringement** — *In Jewish tradition, meaning 1:* An infringement is breaking a rule, law or promise.[↗](../../infringement/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* Copyright infringement liability can be quite severe.[↗](../../infringement/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1893)[↗](../../infringement/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · Any infringement of the rules was punished.[↗](../../infringement/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · Breaking the speed limit is an infringement.[↗](../../infringement/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · She punished every infringement of her vow.[↗](../../infringement/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · Cheating is an infringement of the game's rules.[↗](../../infringement/#x5 "tree and pragmatics")

**infuriated** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* Infuriated means made very angry, so angry that you cannot keep calm.[↗](../../infuriated/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* The infuriated pirates shouted at the boys.[↗](../../infuriated/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · The infuriated king stamped his foot.[↗](../../infuriated/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · She was infuriated by the lie.[↗](../../infuriated/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · He threw down his cup in an infuriated rage.[↗](../../infuriated/#x4 "tree and pragmatics")

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