---
title: J — The English dictionary with trees and pragmatics · page 8
description: The 180 words of the English dictionary under J, every meaning for a pupil and every example with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# J — The English dictionary · page 8

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**judicial** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* (law) To do with judges, law courts and the way the law is applied.[↗](../../judicial/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* (law) Done by a court or a judge, as in a judicial decision.[↗](../../judicial/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 3:* (law) The judicial branch of government is the part made up of courts, separate from the lawmakers and the government.[↗](../../judicial/#m3 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* The judicial system makes sure trials are fair.[↗](../../judicial/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · In the USA, the Supreme Court leads the judicial branch.[↗](../../judicial/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · The judge made a judicial decision.[↗](../../judicial/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · A judicial review checks if the government followed the law.[↗](../../judicial/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · Judges must be free from pressure, so the judicial system is independent.[↗](../../judicial/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · We drew a poster of the three branches: legislative, executive and judicial.[↗](../../judicial/#x6 "tree and pragmatics") · The case went through a long judicial process.[↗](../../judicial/#x7 "tree and pragmatics")

**judicious** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* (formal) Judicious means wise and sensible, showing good judgement.[↗](../../judicious/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* Making a judicious choice, she saved half her pocket money.[↗](../../judicious/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · The judicious use of water helps in a drought.[↗](../../judicious/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · It was judicious to wait until the storm passed.[↗](../../judicious/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · The captain made a judicious decision.[↗](../../judicious/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · A judicious editor cut the boring parts.[↗](../../judicious/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · Use glue judiciously, not too much.[↗](../../judicious/#x6 "tree and pragmatics") · By the judicious care, however, of her now cautious parent she was restored to physical and moral respectability.[↗](../../judicious/#x7 "tree and pragmatics")

**judo** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* Judo is a Japanese martial art and Olympic sport in which you try to throw or hold down your opponent using balance and skill, not punches or kicks.[↗](../../judo/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* I go to judo every Thursday.[↗](../../judo/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · She got her yellow belt in judo.[↗](../../judo/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · In judo you learn to fall without getting hurt.[↗](../../judo/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · Judo players bow to each other before a match.[↗](../../judo/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · Judo is an Olympic sport.[↗](../../judo/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · He threw his partner onto the mat with a judo move.[↗](../../judo/#x6 "tree and pragmatics") · Judo means «the gentle way» in Japanese.[↗](../../judo/#x7 "tree and pragmatics") · We wear a white jacket called a judogi for judo.[↗](../../judo/#x8 "tree and pragmatics")

**jug** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* A jug is a container with a handle and a spout (lip) for pouring liquids like water, milk or juice.[↗](../../jug/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* A jug of something is the amount a jug holds: a jug of lemonade.[↗](../../jug/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 3:* A measuring jug has lines on its side to show how much liquid is in it.[↗](../../jug/#m3 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* A jug holds 2 litres of juice.[↗](../../jug/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · She pours 5 glasses from the jug.[↗](../../jug/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · How many jugs are needed for 10 litres?[↗](../../jug/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · Each glass takes 200 ml from the jug.[↗](../../jug/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · Fill the measuring jug up to the 500 ml line.[↗](../../jug/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · There's a jug of water on every table.[↗](../../jug/#x6 "tree and pragmatics") · He knocked over the milk jug.[↗](../../jug/#x7 "tree and pragmatics") · Mum made a big jug of lemonade for the party.[↗](../../jug/#x8 "tree and pragmatics")

**juggle** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* To keep several objects moving in the air by throwing and catching them over and over.[↗](../../juggle/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* To try to deal with several jobs or activities at the same time.[↗](../../juggle/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* The clown can juggle five balls.[↗](../../juggle/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · I'm learning to juggle with scarves.[↗](../../juggle/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · Mum juggles two jobs and us.[↗](../../juggle/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · He juggled the football with his feet.[↗](../../juggle/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · It is hard to juggle homework, swimming and piano.[↗](../../juggle/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · She dropped the plates while trying to juggle them.[↗](../../juggle/#x6 "tree and pragmatics")

**juggler** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* A juggler is a person who throws and catches balls, rings or clubs in the air to entertain people.[↗](../../juggler/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* The juggler kept five balls in the air at once.[↗](../../juggler/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · A juggler came to the fair with three flaming torches.[↗](../../juggler/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · The juggler bowed when the crowd clapped.[↗](../../juggler/#x3 "tree and pragmatics")

**juggling** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* Juggling is throwing and catching several objects, like balls, so that at least one is always in the air.[↗](../../juggling/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* Juggling also means trying to do or manage several things at the same time (juggling homework and sport).[↗](../../juggling/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* She practised juggling with three balls.[↗](../../juggling/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · The clown was juggling plates and hats.[↗](../../juggling/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · Juggling scarves is easier than juggling balls.[↗](../../juggling/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · We learned juggling in circus club.[↗](../../juggling/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · Mum is juggling work and looking after the baby.[↗](../../juggling/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · The street performer was juggling flaming torches, which is very dangerous.[↗](../../juggling/#x6 "tree and pragmatics")

**juice** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* Juice is the liquid that comes out of fruit or vegetables, like orange juice or apple juice.[↗](../../juice/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* Juice is a drink made from this liquid.[↗](../../juice/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 3:* Juices are liquids in the body that help digest food (stomach juices) or come out of meat when cooked.[↗](../../juice/#m3 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* Mia drank 300 ml of juice.[↗](../../juice/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · A bottle of juice costs 2 dollars.[↗](../../juice/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · They made 4 litres of juice.[↗](../../juice/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · Each child gets 1 box of juice.[↗](../../juice/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · She squeezed the juice from three lemons.[↗](../../juice/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · Can I have a glass of apple juice, please?[↗](../../juice/#x6 "tree and pragmatics") · The peach was so ripe that juice ran down my chin.[↗](../../juice/#x7 "tree and pragmatics") · Lemon juice tastes sour.[↗](../../juice/#x8 "tree and pragmatics") · Ink he had none, so he used the juice of blackberries or cherries.[↗](../../juice/#x9 "tree and pragmatics") · Can that which hath no savour be eaten without salt? or is there any taste in the juice of mallows?[↗](../../juice/#x10 "tree and pragmatics") (Writings JOB.6.6, JPS 1917)[↗](../../juice/#x10 "tree and pragmatics") · I would lead thee, and bring thee into my mother's house, that thou mightest instruct me; I would cause thee to drink of spiced wine, of the juice of my pomegranate.[↗](../../juice/#x11 "tree and pragmatics") (Writings SNG.8.2, JPS 1917)[↗](../../juice/#x11 "tree and pragmatics")

**juicy** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* Juicy means full of juice, such as a ripe fruit or well-cooked meat.[↗](../../juicy/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* Juicy (informal) means interesting and exciting, especially gossip or news.[↗](../../juicy/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 3:* Juicy can mean large or rewarding, like a juicy prize.[↗](../../juicy/#m3 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* This peach is so juicy that it's dripping.[↗](../../juicy/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · Watermelons are juicy because they are mostly water.[↗](../../juicy/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · The burger was hot and juicy.[↗](../../juicy/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · She had some juicy gossip about the new teacher.[↗](../../juicy/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · Pick the juiciest orange in the bowl.[↗](../../juicy/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · The detective found a juicy clue.[↗](../../juicy/#x6 "tree and pragmatics") · In imagination he saw the heath blossom and become purple with rich juicy berries, and the elder-bushes and lime-trees at Norre Vosborg in flower.[↗](../../juicy/#x7 "tree and pragmatics")

**julian** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* Julian is a boy's name (a name).[↗](../../julian/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* Julian means to do with Julius Caesar, as in the Julian calendar, the calendar he brought in.[↗](../../julian/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 3:* Julian of Norwich was an English woman who wrote about God's love (a name).[↗](../../julian/#m3 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* Julian is the oldest of the Famous Five.[↗](../../julian/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · Julius Caesar started the Julian calendar.[↗](../../julian/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · My friend Julian is great at chess.[↗](../../julian/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · Some churches still use the Julian calendar for feasts.[↗](../../julian/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · Julian of Norwich wrote «All shall be well».[↗](../../julian/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · The Julian calendar was slightly too long each year.[↗](../../julian/#x6 "tree and pragmatics")

**july** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* July is the seventh month of the year.[↗](../../july/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") It has 31 days.[↗](../../july/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* In the northern half of the world (USA, UK, Canada, Ireland) July is summer and often the summer holidays; in Australia and New Zealand it is winter.[↗](../../july/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 3:* July can also be a person's first name, as in an old tale about a girl and her brother.[↗](../../july/#m3 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* July has 31 days.[↗](../../july/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · She read 2 books a week in July.[↗](../../july/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · The fair is in July.[↗](../../july/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · How many days in June and July?[↗](../../july/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · July comes after June and before August.[↗](../../july/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · In the USA many families have barbecues in July.[↗](../../july/#x6 "tree and pragmatics") · In Australia July is in the middle of winter.[↗](../../july/#x7 "tree and pragmatics") · Our summer holiday starts in July.[↗](../../july/#x8 "tree and pragmatics") · But she was not without a protector; her younger brother, JULY, was with her.[↗](../../july/#x9 "tree and pragmatics")

**jumble** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* An untidy mix of things in no order.[↗](../../jumble/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* (verb) To mix things up so they are out of order.[↗](../../jumble/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 3:* (UK) Old things given to be sold cheaply, as at a jumble sale.[↗](../../jumble/#m3 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 4:* A word puzzle where the letters are mixed up (a word jumble).[↗](../../jumble/#m4 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* My drawer is a jumble of pencils and string.[↗](../../jumble/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · Someone jumbled up the puzzle pieces.[↗](../../jumble/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · Unjumble these letters: T-A-C.[↗](../../jumble/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · We sold old toys at the school jumble sale (UK).[↗](../../jumble/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · The story got jumbled when he told it fast.[↗](../../jumble/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · Put the jumbled sentences in the right order.[↗](../../jumble/#x6 "tree and pragmatics") · There was a jumble of shoes by the door.[↗](../../jumble/#x7 "tree and pragmatics")

**jumbo** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* Jumbo means very large, bigger than usual.[↗](../../jumbo/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* A jumbo, or jumbo jet, is a very big passenger plane, like the Boeing 747.[↗](../../jumbo/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 3:* (a name) Jumbo was a famous huge elephant in the 1800s, shown at London Zoo and in an American circus.[↗](../../jumbo/#m3 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* We bought a jumbo pack of crayons.[↗](../../jumbo/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · The jumbo jet carried over 400 people.[↗](../../jumbo/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · He ate a jumbo hot dog at the fair.[↗](../../jumbo/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · Jumbo the elephant was famous long ago.[↗](../../jumbo/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · Our class made a jumbo birthday card.[↗](../../jumbo/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · The shop sells jumbo bags of popcorn.[↗](../../jumbo/#x6 "tree and pragmatics")

**jump** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* To jump is to push yourself up or forward into the air with your legs.[↗](../../jump/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* To jump is to move suddenly because you are surprised or scared.[↗](../../jump/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 3:* To jump is to rise suddenly, like a price or a number.[↗](../../jump/#m3 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 4:* A jump is one push into the air, or the distance of it.[↗](../../jump/#m4 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* The frog jumped 39 inches.[↗](../../jump/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · The mouse jumped 9 inches less than the frog.[↗](../../jump/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · She did 20 jumps.[↗](../../jump/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · How far did the grasshopper jump?[↗](../../jump/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · We jump rope at recess.[↗](../../jump/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · The loud bang made me jump.[↗](../../jump/#x6 "tree and pragmatics") · On the number line, make jumps of 5 from 0 to 30.[↗](../../jump/#x7 "tree and pragmatics") · The price of apples jumped last week.[↗](../../jump/#x8 "tree and pragmatics") · The horse jumped over the fence.[↗](../../jump/#x9 "tree and pragmatics") · Don't jump to conclusions before you read the whole story.[↗](../../jump/#x10 "tree and pragmatics") · Perhaps he could jump over it.[↗](../../jump/#x11 "tree and pragmatics")

**jumper** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* In the UK, Ireland, Australia and New Zealand, a jumper is a warm knitted top with long sleeves that you pull over your head (in the US: a sweater).[↗](../../jumper/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* In the US, a jumper is a sleeveless dress worn over a blouse (UK: pinafore).[↗](../../jumper/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 3:* A jumper is a person or animal that jumps, like a high jumper.[↗](../../jumper/#m3 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* Put your jumper on — it's cold outside.[↗](../../jumper/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · My school jumper is navy blue.[↗](../../jumper/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · Grandma knitted me a woolly jumper.[↗](../../jumper/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · We wore silly Christmas jumpers.[↗](../../jumper/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · He is the best high jumper in our school.[↗](../../jumper/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · Kangaroos are amazing jumpers.[↗](../../jumper/#x6 "tree and pragmatics") · In America, a jumper is a kind of dress.[↗](../../jumper/#x7 "tree and pragmatics") · Write your name in your jumper so it doesn't get lost.[↗](../../jumper/#x8 "tree and pragmatics") · Three famous jumpers were they, as everyone would say, when they all met together in the room.[↗](../../jumper/#x9 "tree and pragmatics")

**jumpy** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* (informal) Nervous and easily frightened or startled.[↗](../../jumpy/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* Moving in sudden jerks; not smooth (a jumpy video).[↗](../../jumpy/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 3:* (money) Going up and down quickly and unpredictably, like prices.[↗](../../jumpy/#m3 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* After the ghost story, everyone was a bit jumpy.[↗](../../jumpy/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · The cat is jumpy during fireworks.[↗](../../jumpy/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · I always feel jumpy before a big test.[↗](../../jumpy/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · The video was jumpy because the internet was slow.[↗](../../jumpy/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · The horse was jumpy, so we spoke to it softly.[↗](../../jumpy/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · The graph of the temperature looked jumpy because it changed every hour.[↗](../../jumpy/#x6 "tree and pragmatics") · Dad gets jumpy when the car makes a strange noise.[↗](../../jumpy/#x7 "tree and pragmatics")

**junction** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* A place where two or more roads, railway lines or paths meet or cross.[↗](../../junction/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* A place where things join, like wires or rivers.[↗](../../junction/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* Stop at the junction and look both ways.[↗](../../junction/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · Turn left at the next junction.[↗](../../junction/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · A T-junction is where one road meets another like the letter T.[↗](../../junction/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · Cars slow down at a busy junction.[↗](../../junction/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · Our train waited at the railway junction.[↗](../../junction/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · Cyclists must be careful at junctions.[↗](../../junction/#x6 "tree and pragmatics") · Leave the motorway at junction 5.[↗](../../junction/#x7 "tree and pragmatics") · The two rivers meet at a junction near the town.[↗](../../junction/#x8 "tree and pragmatics")

**juncture** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* (formal) A particular moment or point in time, especially an important one in a series of events.[↗](../../juncture/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* (formal) A place where two things join; a joint or junction.[↗](../../juncture/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* At this juncture, we should stop and think.[↗](../../juncture/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · The war had reached a critical juncture.[↗](../../juncture/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · At that juncture, the captain decided to turn the ship around.[↗](../../juncture/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · The bone broke at the juncture with the knee.[↗](../../juncture/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · It is too early, at this juncture, to say who will win.[↗](../../juncture/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · The story reaches a key juncture when the map is stolen.[↗](../../juncture/#x6 "tree and pragmatics") · The two roads meet at a busy juncture.[↗](../../juncture/#x7 "tree and pragmatics")

**june** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* June is the sixth month of the year, between May and July.[↗](../../june/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") June has 30 days.[↗](../../june/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* June is also a girl's name.[↗](../../june/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* She reads 2 books every week in June.[↗](../../june/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · June has 30 days.[↗](../../june/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · He saved 5 dollars a day in June.[↗](../../june/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · How many days from the start of June to the end?[↗](../../june/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · Our summer holidays start at the end of June.[↗](../../june/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · In June it is winter in New Zealand.[↗](../../june/#x6 "tree and pragmatics") · June comes after May and before July.[↗](../../june/#x7 "tree and pragmatics") · Aunt June sent me a birthday card.[↗](../../june/#x8 "tree and pragmatics") · On a fine morning in June he went out alone to walk in the green woods.[↗](../../june/#x9 "tree and pragmatics")

**jungle** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* A thick, warm, wet forest in a hot country, full of trees, plants and animals.[↗](../../jungle/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* A place that is wild, messy or hard to get through (the garden is a jungle).[↗](../../jungle/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 3:* A place where people compete hard and roughly (it's a jungle out there).[↗](../../jungle/#m3 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* Monkeys swing through the trees of the jungle.[↗](../../jungle/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · Tigers live in the jungles of India.[↗](../../jungle/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · Our back garden is a jungle after the summer.[↗](../../jungle/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · We played on the jungle gym at break (US).[↗](../../jungle/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · The city is a concrete jungle.[↗](../../jungle/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · The explorers got lost in the jungle.[↗](../../jungle/#x6 "tree and pragmatics") · It rains almost every day in the jungle.[↗](../../jungle/#x7 "tree and pragmatics") · I had never seen the jungle.[↗](../../jungle/#x8 "tree and pragmatics")

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