---
title: R — The English dictionary with trees and pragmatics · page 45
description: The 1025 words of the English dictionary under R, every meaning for a pupil and every example with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# R — The English dictionary · page 45

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**risest** — *Early Modern English, meaning 1:* «risest» means «you rise», a form of «rise»: To rise is to go up, move upward: «Smoke rises».[↗](../../risest/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* And ye shall teach them your children, talking of them, when thou sittest in thy house, and when thou walkest by the way, and when thou liest down, and when thou risest up.[↗](../../risest/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") (Torah DEU.11.19, JPS 1917) · and thou shalt teach them diligently unto thy children, and shalt talk of them when thou sittest in thy house, and when thou walkest by the way, and when thou liest down, and when thou risest up.[↗](../../risest/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") (Torah DEU.6.7, JPS 1917)

**riseth** — *Early Modern English, meaning 1:* «riseth» means «rises», a form of «rise»: To rise is to go up, move upward: «Smoke rises».[↗](../../riseth/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* But unto the damsel thou shalt do nothing; there is in the damsel no sin worthy of death; for as when a man riseth against his neighbour, and slayeth him, even so is this matter.[↗](../../riseth/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") (Torah DEU.22.26, JPS 1917) · Behold a people that riseth up as a lioness, and as a lion doth he lift himself up; he shall not lie down until he eat of the prey, and drink the blood of the slain.[↗](../../riseth/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") (Torah NUM.23.24, JPS 1917)

**rising** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* Rising means going up, or getting higher.[↗](../../rising/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* Rising means getting bigger in number, amount or strength, like rising prices.[↗](../../rising/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 3:* The rising sun is the sun coming up in the morning.[↗](../../rising/#m3 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 4:* Rising as an adjective describes something becoming more important or successful, like a rising star.[↗](../../rising/#m4 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 5:* A rising (noun) is a rebellion against rulers, such as the Easter Rising in Ireland.[↗](../../rising/#m5 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 6:* Rising can also mean getting up out of bed in the morning.[↗](../../rising/#m6 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* The sun is rising over the hills.[↗](../../rising/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · Hot air is rising from the fire.[↗](../../rising/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · Sea levels are rising around the world.[↗](../../rising/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · The river is rising after the storm, so keep away.[↗](../../rising/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · The bread is rising in a warm place.[↗](../../rising/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · The numbers are rising by three each time: 3, 6, 9, 12.[↗](../../rising/#x6 "tree and pragmatics") · Prices keep rising at the shop.[↗](../../rising/#x7 "tree and pragmatics") · She's a rising star in tennis.[↗](../../rising/#x8 "tree and pragmatics") · A Cock, rising early, discovered what had happened.[↗](../../rising/#x9 "tree and pragmatics") · and for a rising, and for a scab, and for a bright spot; (Torah LEV.14.56, JPS 1917)[↗](../../rising/#x10 "tree and pragmatics") · the two tribes and the half-tribe have received their inheritance beyond the Jordan at Jericho eastward, toward the sun-rising.'[↗](../../rising/#x11 "tree and pragmatics") (Torah NUM.34.15, JPS 1917)[↗](../../rising/#x11 "tree and pragmatics") · And they journeyed from Oboth, and pitched at Ije-abarim, in the wilderness which is in front of Moab, toward the sun-rising.[↗](../../rising/#x12 "tree and pragmatics") (Torah NUM.21.11, JPS 1917)[↗](../../rising/#x12 "tree and pragmatics") · Behold Thou their sitting down, and their rising up; I am their song.[↗](../../rising/#x13 "tree and pragmatics") (Writings LAM.3.63, JPS 1917)[↗](../../rising/#x13 "tree and pragmatics") · The greyhound; the he-goat also; and the king, against whom there is no rising up.[↗](../../rising/#x14 "tree and pragmatics") (Writings PRO.30.31, JPS 1917)[↗](../../rising/#x14 "tree and pragmatics") · And nations shall walk at thy light, and kings at the brightness of thy rising.[↗](../../rising/#x15 "tree and pragmatics") (Prophets ISA.60.3, JPS 1917)[↗](../../rising/#x15 "tree and pragmatics")

**risk** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* A risk is the chance that something bad, like getting hurt or losing something, may happen.[↗](../../risk/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* A risk is a thing or situation that could cause harm.[↗](../../risk/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 3:* To risk something is to do something that could lead to losing or harming it.[↗](../../risk/#m3 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 4:* To take a risk is to do something even though it may go wrong.[↗](../../risk/#m4 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* Wearing a helmet lowers the risk of head injury.[↗](../../risk/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · Swim at your own risk.[↗](../../risk/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · Don't take risks near cliffs.[↗](../../risk/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · He risked his life to save the dog.[↗](../../risk/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · Children near busy roads are at risk.[↗](../../risk/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · Is this a high risk or a low risk?[↗](../../risk/#x6 "tree and pragmatics") · It's worth the risk to try out for the team.[↗](../../risk/#x7 "tree and pragmatics") · She didn't want to risk getting wet, so she took an umbrella.[↗](../../risk/#x8 "tree and pragmatics") · It is a great risk, and to go is not wise.[↗](../../risk/#x9 "tree and pragmatics")

**risky** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* Risky means possibly dangerous; something that could make you get hurt, lose something or go wrong.[↗](../../risky/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* It's risky to swim in the sea when there are big waves.[↗](../../risky/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · Crossing the road between parked cars is risky.[↗](../../risky/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · Sharing your password is risky.[↗](../../risky/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · The climbers knew the trip was risky.[↗](../../risky/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · Hiding in the old fridge is very risky.[↗](../../risky/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · Their plan was too risky, so they chose a safer one.[↗](../../risky/#x6 "tree and pragmatics") · Riding without a helmet is riskier than riding with one.[↗](../../risky/#x7 "tree and pragmatics") · Jumping off the high wall is the riskiest thing you could do.[↗](../../risky/#x8 "tree and pragmatics")

**rite** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* A rite is a religious or serious ceremony that is done in a fixed way, like baptism or a funeral.[↗](../../rite/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* A rite of passage is a ceremony or event that marks a big change in someone's life, like becoming an adult, or a first experience that everyone goes through.[↗](../../rite/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* Baptism is a Christian rite of welcome into the church.[↗](../../rite/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · (church) The priest gave Grandad the last rites.[↗](../../rite/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · Starting secondary school is a rite of passage.[↗](../../rite/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · Every culture has its own funeral rites.[↗](../../rite/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · The bar mitzvah is a Jewish rite for a boy becoming an adult.[↗](../../rite/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · Learning to ride a bike is a childhood rite of passage.[↗](../../rite/#x6 "tree and pragmatics") · Achilles now solemnized the funereal rites in honour of his friend Patroclus.[↗](../../rite/#x7 "tree and pragmatics")

**ritual** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* A set of actions always done in the same way and order, especially as part of a religious ceremony.[↗](../../ritual/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* Something a person or family always does in the same way, like a habit.[↗](../../ritual/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 3:* (adjective) Done as part of a ceremony or out of habit.[↗](../../ritual/#m3 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* Lighting candles is part of the ritual in many churches.[↗](../../ritual/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · Our bedtime ritual is a bath, a story and a cuddle.[↗](../../ritual/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · The ancient Egyptians had rituals for burying their kings.[↗](../../ritual/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · Every Saturday, Dad's ritual is pancakes and the football.[↗](../../ritual/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · The team does a ritual handshake before each game.[↗](../../ritual/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · Baptism is an important Christian ritual.[↗](../../ritual/#x6 "tree and pragmatics") · To her was intrusted the office of convoking the assembly of the gods, and she was also mistress of ritual and ceremony.[↗](../../ritual/#x7 "tree and pragmatics") · Hermetic rituals explain this Yetziratic attri- bution.[↗](../../ritual/#x8 "tree and pragmatics") (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1893)[↗](../../ritual/#x8 "tree and pragmatics")

**rival** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* A person, team or business that competes with another for the same thing.[↗](../../rival/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *e.g.* The two schools are old rivals.[↗](../../rival/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* (verb) To be as good as someone or something.[↗](../../rival/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *e.g.* Her cake rivals any shop's cake.[↗](../../rival/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 3:* (adjective) Competing: rival gangs, rival shops.[↗](../../rival/#m3 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* The two football teams are fierce rivals.[↗](../../rival/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · Our rival shop sells apples 5p cheaper.[↗](../../rival/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · Nothing can rival Grandma's apple pie.[↗](../../rival/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · The rival team scored 3 goals; we scored 4.[↗](../../rival/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · She beat her rival in the final race.[↗](../../rival/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · Batman's arch-rival is the Joker.[↗](../../rival/#x6 "tree and pragmatics") · Male deer fight their rivals in autumn.[↗](../../rival/#x7 "tree and pragmatics") · All the King’s unsuccessful rivals had gone home in despair.[↗](../../rival/#x8 "tree and pragmatics") · And thou shalt not take a woman to her sister, to be a rival to her, to uncover her nakedness, beside the other in her lifetime.[↗](../../rival/#x9 "tree and pragmatics") (Torah LEV.18.18, JPS 1917)[↗](../../rival/#x9 "tree and pragmatics") · And her rival vexed her sore, to make her fret, because the LORD had shut up her womb.[↗](../../rival/#x10 "tree and pragmatics") (Prophets 1SA.1.6, JPS 1917)[↗](../../rival/#x10 "tree and pragmatics") · And thou shalt behold a rival in My habitation, in all the good which shall be done to Israel; and there shall not be an old man in thy house for ever.[↗](../../rival/#x11 "tree and pragmatics") (Prophets 1SA.2.32, JPS 1917)[↗](../../rival/#x11 "tree and pragmatics")

**rivalry** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* A situation in which people, teams or groups compete with each other for the same thing, often for a long time.[↗](../../rivalry/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* Feelings of competition or jealousy between people, for example between brothers and sisters.[↗](../../rivalry/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* There's a friendly rivalry between the two classes on sports day.[↗](../../rivalry/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · The rivalry between the two football clubs is very old.[↗](../../rivalry/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · Sibling rivalry means Sam and his sister argue about everything.[↗](../../rivalry/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · The rivalry between the two kings led to war.[↗](../../rivalry/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · Their rivalry made both runners faster.[↗](../../rivalry/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · The cricket rivalry between England and Australia is famous.[↗](../../rivalry/#x6 "tree and pragmatics") · The twins' rivalry turned into friendship.[↗](../../rivalry/#x7 "tree and pragmatics") · Again, I considered all labour and all excelling in work, that it is a man's rivalry with his neighbour.[↗](../../rivalry/#x8 "tree and pragmatics") (Writings ECC.4.4, JPS 1917)[↗](../../rivalry/#x8 "tree and pragmatics")

**river** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* A river is a large stream of fresh water that flows across land to a lake, another river or the sea.[↗](../../river/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* A river of something is a large flowing amount: a river of lava, rivers of tears.[↗](../../river/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* The river is 120 km long.[↗](../../river/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · A boat travels 20 miles up the river.[↗](../../river/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · The bridge over the river is 300 meters.[↗](../../river/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · How long does it take to cross the river?[↗](../../river/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · The river flows into the sea.[↗](../../river/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · The Shannon is the longest river in Ireland.[↗](../../river/#x6 "tree and pragmatics") · The river carries sand and mud downstream.[↗](../../river/#x7 "tree and pragmatics") · Never swim in a river without an adult.[↗](../../river/#x8 "tree and pragmatics") · We floated on a raft down the river.[↗](../../river/#x9 "tree and pragmatics") · It will become a wide, wide river.[↗](../../river/#x10 "tree and pragmatics") · And the fourth river is the Euphrates.[↗](../../river/#x11 "tree and pragmatics") (Torah GEN.2.14, JPS 1917)[↗](../../river/#x11 "tree and pragmatics") · And seven days were fulfilled, after that the LORD had smitten the river.[↗](../../river/#x12 "tree and pragmatics") (Torah EXO.7.25, JPS 1917)[↗](../../river/#x12 "tree and pragmatics") · And Samlah died, and Shaul of Rehoboth by the River reigned in his stead.[↗](../../river/#x13 "tree and pragmatics") (Torah GEN.36.37, JPS 1917)[↗](../../river/#x13 "tree and pragmatics") · Thou dost cleave the earth with rivers.[↗](../../river/#x14 "tree and pragmatics") (Prophets HAB.3.9, JPS 1917)[↗](../../river/#x14 "tree and pragmatics") · Thou didst cleave fountain and brook; Thou driedst up ever-flowing rivers.[↗](../../river/#x15 "tree and pragmatics") (Writings PSA.74.15, JPS 1917)[↗](../../river/#x15 "tree and pragmatics") · He turneth rivers into a wilderness, and watersprings into a thirsty ground; (Writings PSA.107.33, JPS 1917)[↗](../../river/#x16 "tree and pragmatics")

**riverbank** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* A riverbank is the land along the side of a river.[↗](../../riverbank/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* We had a picnic on the riverbank.[↗](../../riverbank/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · An otter slid down the muddy riverbank.[↗](../../riverbank/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · Stay away from the edge of the riverbank.[↗](../../riverbank/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · Ducks waddled along the riverbank.[↗](../../riverbank/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · The riverbank was covered in flowers.[↗](../../riverbank/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · Flood water burst over the riverbank.[↗](../../riverbank/#x6 "tree and pragmatics") · “The best plan will be to walk along the riverbank until we come to the road again,” remarked the Lion.[↗](../../riverbank/#x7 "tree and pragmatics")

**riverbed** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* A riverbed is the bottom of a river, the ground the river water flows over.[↗](../../riverbed/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* The riverbed was covered with smooth stones.[↗](../../riverbed/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · In summer the riverbed dried up.[↗](../../riverbed/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · Fish lay their eggs on the gravel of the riverbed.[↗](../../riverbed/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · We could see the riverbed through the clear water.[↗](../../riverbed/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · A dry riverbed can flood very fast after a storm.[↗](../../riverbed/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · They found an old coin in the riverbed.[↗](../../riverbed/#x6 "tree and pragmatics")

**riverside** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* The riverside is the land along or near a river.[↗](../../riverside/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* Riverside (before a noun) describes something next to a river: a riverside walk, a riverside café.[↗](../../riverside/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* We walked along the riverside path.[↗](../../riverside/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · They live in a riverside cottage.[↗](../../riverside/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · The town fair was held by the riverside.[↗](../../riverside/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · Many old cities were built on the riverside.[↗](../../riverside/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · A heron stood by the riverside.[↗](../../riverside/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · We ate lunch at a riverside café.[↗](../../riverside/#x6 "tree and pragmatics") · “Now,” said the Scarecrow to the Tin Woodman, “you must go to those trees by the riverside and make a truck that will carry the Lion.”[↗](../../riverside/#x7 "tree and pragmatics")

**rivet** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* (noun) A short metal pin used to join pieces of metal or leather; its end is hammered flat to hold it.[↗](../../rivet/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* (verb) To fasten something with rivets.[↗](../../rivet/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 3:* (verb) To hold someone's attention completely.[↗](../../rivet/#m3 "tree and pragmatics") *e.g.* "The film riveted us."[↗](../../rivet/#m3 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 4:* "Riveted to the spot" means unable to move, from fear or surprise.[↗](../../rivet/#m4 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* The old ship was held together by thousands of rivets.[↗](../../rivet/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · Look at the little metal rivets on your jeans.[↗](../../rivet/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · The workers riveted the steel beams together.[↗](../../rivet/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · The whole class was riveted by the story.[↗](../../rivet/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · She stood riveted to the spot when she saw the bear.[↗](../../rivet/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · It was a riveting match right to the last second.[↗](../../rivet/#x6 "tree and pragmatics") · "I haven't half enough rivets in the shop.[↗](../../rivet/#x7 "tree and pragmatics")

**rivulet** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* A rivulet is a small stream of water, smaller than a river or brook.[↗](../../rivulet/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* A rivulet ran past the old mill.[↗](../../rivulet/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · We paddled our feet in the rivulet.[↗](../../rivulet/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · Clear water trickled down the rivulet over the stones.[↗](../../rivulet/#x3 "tree and pragmatics")

**rn** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* (slang, texting) rn means "right now".[↗](../../rn/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *e.g.* "I'm busy rn".[↗](../../rn/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* RN means Registered Nurse, a fully trained nurse (USA, Canada, Australia).[↗](../../rn/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 3:* RN means the Royal Navy, the navy of the United Kingdom.[↗](../../rn/#m3 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* Can't talk rn, eating dinner.[↗](../../rn/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · I'm so bored rn.[↗](../../rn/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · "Where are you rn?" "[↗](../../rn/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") At the park."[↗](../../rn/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · My aunt is an RN at the children's hospital.[↗](../../rn/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · Grandpa served in the RN for twenty years.[↗](../../rn/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · The RN came to check my temperature.[↗](../../rn/#x6 "tree and pragmatics") · It therefore follows that, according to the author of the Sefer Yetzirali II, the twenty-two letters are divided into ten double rns: -:c ,rox and twelve simple letters psy cjr "un Ti.-i. (Mordell, The Origin of Letters and Numerals according to Sefer Yetzirah (1914))[↗](../../rn/#x7 "tree and pragmatics")

**ro** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* «RO» is short for «reverse osmosis», a way of cleaning water by pushing it through a very fine filter.[↗](../../ro/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* «ro» is the internet code and language code for Romania and the Romanian language (as in a web address ending «.ro»).[↗](../../ro/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 3:* «ro» is often just a piece of a longer word, such as «ro» in «robot» or «row».[↗](../../ro/#m3 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* Our kitchen filter makes RO water.[↗](../../ro/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · The RO system takes salt out of sea water.[↗](../../ro/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · A website ending in .ro is usually from Romania.[↗](../../ro/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · The language code «ro» stands for Romanian.[↗](../../ro/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · Some ships use RO machines to make drinking water.[↗](../../ro/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · «Ro» here is only the start of the word «robot».[↗](../../ro/#x6 "tree and pragmatics")

**roach** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* (USA, Canada, informal) A cockroach: a flat brown insect that runs fast and lives in dirty kitchens and warm places.[↗](../../roach/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* A small silver freshwater fish with reddish eyes and fins, common in rivers, lakes and canals in Britain and Europe.[↗](../../roach/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 3:* (slang) The end of a cannabis cigarette; drug slang, not a word for school.[↗](../../roach/#m3 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* (USA) We saw a roach run under the fridge.[↗](../../roach/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · Keep food in boxes so roaches don't get in.[↗](../../roach/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · Grandad caught a roach in the canal.[↗](../../roach/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · The roach has a silver body and red eyes.[↗](../../roach/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · Roach and perch swam in the clear river.[↗](../../roach/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · Cockroaches, or roaches, have six legs like all insects.[↗](../../roach/#x6 "tree and pragmatics") · The exterminator came to get rid of the roaches.[↗](../../roach/#x7 "tree and pragmatics") · Well, one Sunday morning he was fishing as usual, and not a salmon had risen to him, his basket was bare of roach or dace.[↗](../../roach/#x8 "tree and pragmatics")

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