---
title: S — The English dictionary with trees and pragmatics · page 119
description: The 2316 words of the English dictionary under S, every meaning for a pupil and every example with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# S — The English dictionary · page 119

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**supposedly** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* According to what people say or believe, though it may not be true: «The house is supposedly haunted».[↗](../../supposedly/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* As something is meant or intended to be: «a supposedly easy test».[↗](../../supposedly/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* The old house is supposedly haunted.[↗](../../supposedly/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · This cream supposedly makes spots disappear overnight.[↗](../../supposedly/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · The test was supposedly easy, but most of us found it hard.[↗](../../supposedly/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · Supposedly, carrots help you see in the dark, but that's mostly a myth.[↗](../../supposedly/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · He was supposedly ill, but we saw him at the park.[↗](../../supposedly/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · Our teacher is supposedly from Scotland.[↗](../../supposedly/#x6 "tree and pragmatics")

**supposition** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* A supposition is an idea or belief that you think is true but have not proved: a guess based on some reasons.[↗](../../supposition/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* Supposition is the act of supposing or guessing rather than knowing.[↗](../../supposition/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* That's just supposition — we need evidence.[↗](../../supposition/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · The detective's supposition turned out to be right.[↗](../../supposition/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · On the supposition that it will rain, we packed coats.[↗](../../supposition/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · Her supposition was that the cat ate the fish.[↗](../../supposition/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · Science turns suppositions into tested facts or throws them out.[↗](../../supposition/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · The whole story was based on supposition.[↗](../../supposition/#x6 "tree and pragmatics")

**suppress** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* To stop yourself from showing a feeling or doing something, like suppressing a laugh, yawn or sneeze.[↗](../../suppress/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* To stop something by force, like a rebellion or a protest.[↗](../../suppress/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 3:* To keep information secret so people cannot know it.[↗](../../suppress/#m3 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 4:* To stop something from growing or working, like a fire or an illness.[↗](../../suppress/#m4 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* I tried to suppress a giggle during assembly.[↗](../../suppress/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · She suppressed a yawn in the long lesson.[↗](../../suppress/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · The king's army suppressed the rebellion.[↗](../../suppress/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · The medicine helps suppress a cough.[↗](../../suppress/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · (formal) They suppressed the report so nobody could read it.[↗](../../suppress/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · Firefighters worked all night to suppress the fire.[↗](../../suppress/#x6 "tree and pragmatics") · He couldn't suppress his excitement any longer.[↗](../../suppress/#x7 "tree and pragmatics")

**suppression** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* Stopping something by force or power, such as a protest, a rebellion or news.[↗](../../suppression/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* Holding back or hiding a feeling, a cough, a sneeze or a thought.[↗](../../suppression/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 3:* Stopping something from growing or working: fire suppression.[↗](../../suppression/#m3 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* The king ordered the suppression of the rebellion.[↗](../../suppression/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · The suppression of newspapers meant people did not know the truth.[↗](../../suppression/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · Sprinklers are part of the fire suppression system.[↗](../../suppression/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · Constant suppression of your feelings can make you unhappy.[↗](../../suppression/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · The medicine helps with the suppression of coughing at night.[↗](../../suppression/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · Suppression of free speech is a sign of a cruel government.[↗](../../suppression/#x6 "tree and pragmatics")

**supremacy** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* Supremacy is being the most powerful, the strongest or the best, with power over all others.[↗](../../supremacy/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* Supremacy can describe the idea that one group should have power over others, which is unfair and harmful, as in «white supremacy».[↗](../../supremacy/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* The two teams fought for supremacy in the league.[↗](../../supremacy/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · Britain once had supremacy at sea.[↗](../../supremacy/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · The battle decided supremacy over the region.[↗](../../supremacy/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · Ideas of racial supremacy are wrong and dangerous.[↗](../../supremacy/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · The king wanted supremacy over the whole country.[↗](../../supremacy/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · The cats fought for supremacy of the garden.[↗](../../supremacy/#x6 "tree and pragmatics") · This genie, whose name was Danhasch, recognised Maimoune with terror, for he knew the supremacy which her goodness gave her over him.[↗](../../supremacy/#x7 "tree and pragmatics")

**supreme** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* Highest in rank or power.[↗](../../supreme/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* Greatest, best or most important; very great.[↗](../../supreme/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 3:* (in «reign supreme») To be the best or the most powerful, with no rival.[↗](../../supreme/#m3 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* The Supreme Court is the highest court in the land.[↗](../../supreme/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · The general was supreme commander of the army.[↗](../../supreme/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · She made a supreme effort to finish the race.[↗](../../supreme/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · Our team reigned supreme in the football league.[↗](../../supreme/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · The dog won the title of supreme champion at the show.[↗](../../supreme/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · Kindness is of supreme importance in our school.[↗](../../supreme/#x6 "tree and pragmatics") · The emperor had supreme power.[↗](../../supreme/#x7 "tree and pragmatics") · In that supreme moment Hook did not blanch, even at the gills, but Smee and Starkey clung to each other in terror.[↗](../../supreme/#x8 "tree and pragmatics") · the two others, a supreme arbitrator.[↗](../../supreme/#x9 "tree and pragmatics") (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1893)[↗](../../supreme/#x9 "tree and pragmatics") · The Second sect admitted Three great Powers; two of them as in the first case, and a third Power whose function was to decide between \[p. 7\] the two others, a supreme arbitrator.[↗](../../supreme/#x10 "tree and pragmatics") (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1893)[↗](../../supreme/#x10 "tree and pragmatics") · The following interesting comment is from Rabbi Moses Botarel:-"It was Abraham our Father-blessed be he who wrote this book to condemn the doctrine of the sages of his time, who were incredulous of the supreme dogma of the Unity.[↗](../../supreme/#x11 "tree and pragmatics") (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1893)[↗](../../supreme/#x11 "tree and pragmatics")

**surcease** — *In Jewish tradition, meaning 1:* An end or stop to something, a pause or rest.[↗](../../surcease/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* O my God, I call by day, but Thou answerest not; and at night, and there is no surcease for me.[↗](../../surcease/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") (Writings PSA.22.3, JPS 1917)[↗](../../surcease/#x1 "tree and pragmatics")

**surcoat** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* A surcoat was a loose coat or tunic worn over a knight's armour in old times.[↗](../../surcoat/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* Paperarello fastened the ear inside his surcoat.[↗](../../surcoat/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · The knight pulled his surcoat over his armour.[↗](../../surcoat/#x2 "tree and pragmatics")

**sure** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* If you are sure, you know something is true and have no doubt.[↗](../../sure/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* «Make sure» means check or take care that something happens.[↗](../../sure/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 3:* «Sure» in speech means yes, of course.[↗](../../sure/#m3 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 4:* A sure thing is something certain to happen.[↗](../../sure/#m4 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 5:* Sure-footed means steady on your feet, not likely to slip or fall.[↗](../../sure/#m5 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* Is it sure that she picks a red ball?[↗](../../sure/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · He wants to be sure he has enough money.[↗](../../sure/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · Make sure you count both ends.[↗](../../sure/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · How many must you take to be sure of getting two of the same colour?[↗](../../sure/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · Are you sure you turned off the oven?[↗](../../sure/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · «Can I sit here?»[↗](../../sure/#x6 "tree and pragmatics") «Sure!»[↗](../../sure/#x6 "tree and pragmatics") · I'm not sure what the answer is.[↗](../../sure/#x7 "tree and pragmatics") · Make sure you wear sunscreen at the beach.[↗](../../sure/#x8 "tree and pragmatics") · They have therefore become very sure-footed.[↗](../../sure/#x9 "tree and pragmatics") · And the field, and the cave that is therein, were made sure unto Abraham for a possession of a burying-place by the children of Heth.[↗](../../sure/#x10 "tree and pragmatics") (Torah GEN.23.20, JPS 1917)[↗](../../sure/#x10 "tree and pragmatics") · Thy testimonies are very sure, holiness becometh Thy house, O LORD, for evermore.[↗](../../sure/#x11 "tree and pragmatics") (Writings PSA.93.5, JPS 1917)[↗](../../sure/#x11 "tree and pragmatics") · The works of His hands are truth and justice; all His precepts are sure.[↗](../../sure/#x12 "tree and pragmatics") (Writings PSA.111.7, JPS 1917)[↗](../../sure/#x12 "tree and pragmatics") · The wicked earneth deceitful wages; but he that soweth righteousness hath a sure reward.[↗](../../sure/#x13 "tree and pragmatics") (Writings PRO.11.18, JPS 1917)[↗](../../sure/#x13 "tree and pragmatics")

**surely** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* Surely means for certain, with no doubt.[↗](../../surely/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* Surely is often used when you think something must be true and are surprised it might not be: surely you know that\![↗](../../surely/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 3:* Slowly but surely means slowly but steadily.[↗](../../surely/#m3 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* How many must you pick to surely get 2 blue?[↗](../../surely/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · Surely he has more than 10 coins.[↗](../../surely/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · The bag will surely hold 5 more apples.[↗](../../surely/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · Which statement is surely true?[↗](../../surely/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · Surely you don't want to go out in this rain\![↗](../../surely/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · Slowly but surely, the tortoise won the race.[↗](../../surely/#x6 "tree and pragmatics") · If we leave now, we will surely be on time.[↗](../../surely/#x7 "tree and pragmatics") · Surely not\![↗](../../surely/#x8 "tree and pragmatics") Did he really eat ten pancakes?[↗](../../surely/#x8 "tree and pragmatics") · Surely they will not overlook you."[↗](../../surely/#x9 "tree and pragmatics") · Whosoever lieth with a beast shall surely be put to death.[↗](../../surely/#x10 "tree and pragmatics") (Torah EXO.22.19, JPS 1917)[↗](../../surely/#x10 "tree and pragmatics") · And the serpent said unto the woman: 'Ye shall not surely die; (Torah GEN.3.4, JPS 1917)[↗](../../surely/#x11 "tree and pragmatics") · For except we had lingered, surely we had now returned a second time.'[↗](../../surely/#x12 "tree and pragmatics") (Torah GEN.43.10, JPS 1917)[↗](../../surely/#x12 "tree and pragmatics") · Surely this also is vanity and a striving after wind.[↗](../../surely/#x13 "tree and pragmatics") (Writings ECC.4.16, JPS 1917)[↗](../../surely/#x13 "tree and pragmatics") · And Agag said: 'Surely the bitterness of death is at hand.'[↗](../../surely/#x14 "tree and pragmatics") (Prophets 1SA.15.32, JPS 1917)[↗](../../surely/#x14 "tree and pragmatics") · He will surely reprove you, if ye do secretly show favour.[↗](../../surely/#x15 "tree and pragmatics") (Writings JOB.13.10, JPS 1917)[↗](../../surely/#x15 "tree and pragmatics")

**surety** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* A surety is a promise to pay or do something if another person fails, or the person who makes such a promise.[↗](../../surety/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* (old use) Surety is certainty, something you can be sure of.[↗](../../surety/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* Two sureties are better than one.[↗](../../surety/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · «Who are the sureties?» said Fionn.[↗](../../surety/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · And the LORD said unto Abraham: 'Wherefore did Sarah laugh, saying: Shall I of a surety bear a child, who am old?[↗](../../surety/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") (Torah GEN.18.13, JPS 1917)[↗](../../surety/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · For thy servant became surety for the lad unto my father, saying: If I bring him not unto thee, then shall I bear the blame to my father for ever.[↗](../../surety/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") (Torah GEN.44.32, JPS 1917)[↗](../../surety/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · I will be surety for him; of my hand shalt thou require him; if I bring him not unto thee, and set him before thee, then let me bear the blame for ever.[↗](../../surety/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") (Torah GEN.43.9, JPS 1917)[↗](../../surety/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · O LORD, I am oppressed, be Thou my surety.[↗](../../surety/#x6 "tree and pragmatics") (Prophets ISA.38.14, JPS 1917)[↗](../../surety/#x6 "tree and pragmatics") · Be surety for Thy servant for good; let not the proud oppress me.[↗](../../surety/#x7 "tree and pragmatics") (Writings PSA.119.122, JPS 1917)[↗](../../surety/#x7 "tree and pragmatics") · Yea, of a surety, God will not do wickedly, neither will the Almighty pervert justice.[↗](../../surety/#x8 "tree and pragmatics") (Writings JOB.34.12, JPS 1917)[↗](../../surety/#x8 "tree and pragmatics")

**surf** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* The white foamy waves that break on the shore.[↗](../../surf/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* To ride on waves standing or lying on a board.[↗](../../surf/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 3:* (in «surf the internet / web») To look quickly from one website to another.[↗](../../surf/#m3 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 4:* (informal, in «channel-surf») To change TV channels quickly.[↗](../../surf/#m4 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* We watched the surf crashing on the rocks.[↗](../../surf/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · My cousin learnt to surf at Bondi Beach.[↗](../../surf/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · The surf was too rough for swimming today.[↗](../../surf/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · I surfed the internet to find facts about whales.[↗](../../surf/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · Surf lifesavers keep people safe at the beach.[↗](../../surf/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · Always swim between the red and yellow flags when the surf is up.[↗](../../surf/#x6 "tree and pragmatics") · They surfed for three hours in the morning.[↗](../../surf/#x7 "tree and pragmatics") · It’s me,” said Kotick, bobbing in the surf and looking like a little white slug.[↗](../../surf/#x8 "tree and pragmatics")

**surface** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* The surface is the outside or top layer of something: the surface of a table, the Earth's surface.[↗](../../surface/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* The surface of water is its top, where it meets the air.[↗](../../surface/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 3:* To surface is to come up to the top of water.[↗](../../surface/#m3 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 4:* To surface can mean to appear or become known.[↗](../../surface/#m4 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* The surface of the lake was smooth like glass.[↗](../../surface/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · A whale surfaced to breathe.[↗](../../surface/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · Wipe the kitchen surfaces after cooking.[↗](../../surface/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · Most of the Earth's surface is water.[↗](../../surface/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · Find the surface area of the cube.[↗](../../surface/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · Leaves floated on the surface of the pond.[↗](../../surface/#x6 "tree and pragmatics") · On the surface he looked calm, but he was nervous.[↗](../../surface/#x7 "tree and pragmatics") · The diver swam back to the surface.[↗](../../surface/#x8 "tree and pragmatics") · She stooped down to drink, when a horrible head bobbed up on the surface.[↗](../../surface/#x9 "tree and pragmatics") · He also formed and designed from his Spirit, and from the void and formless made earth, even as a rampart, or standing wall, and varied its surface even as the crossing of beams.[↗](../../surface/#x10 "tree and pragmatics") (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1887)[↗](../../surface/#x10 "tree and pragmatics")

**surfboard** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* A surfboard is a long, narrow board that you stand or lie on to ride on waves in the sea.[↗](../../surfboard/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* Dad strapped the surfboard to the top of the car.[↗](../../surfboard/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · She paddled out on her surfboard to catch a wave.[↗](../../surfboard/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · My surfboard has a leash that ties to my ankle.[↗](../../surfboard/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · You must wax your surfboard so you don't slip.[↗](../../surfboard/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · The surf shop rents surfboards by the hour.[↗](../../surfboard/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · A surfboard costs 12 dollars an hour to rent, so 3 hours costs 36 dollars.[↗](../../surfboard/#x6 "tree and pragmatics")

**surfer** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* A surfer is a person who rides waves on a surfboard.[↗](../../surfer/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* A surfer can be a person who uses the internet a lot («a web surfer»), an older informal use.[↗](../../surfer/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* The surfer caught a big wave.[↗](../../surfer/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · Surfers paddled out past the breakers.[↗](../../surfer/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · My cousin is a keen surfer in Cornwall.[↗](../../surfer/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · The surfer wore a black wetsuit.[↗](../../surfer/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · Swimmers and surfers use different parts of the beach.[↗](../../surfer/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · A surfer spotted a dolphin.[↗](../../surfer/#x6 "tree and pragmatics") · The lifeguard warned surfers about the rip.[↗](../../surfer/#x7 "tree and pragmatics")

**surfing** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* The sport of riding on waves on a surfboard.[↗](../../surfing/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* (in «web surfing», «internet surfing») Looking around on the internet, going from site to site.[↗](../../surfing/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 3:* Riding waves or moving along on something, as in «bodysurfing» or «crowd-surfing».[↗](../../surfing/#m3 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* We went surfing on our summer holiday.[↗](../../surfing/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · Surfing takes balance and strength.[↗](../../surfing/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · She is having surfing lessons at the beach.[↗](../../surfing/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · Surfing became an Olympic sport.[↗](../../surfing/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · The coach explained surfing safety: never surf alone.[↗](../../surfing/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · Too much web surfing makes my eyes tired.[↗](../../surfing/#x6 "tree and pragmatics") · Bodysurfing is surfing without a board.[↗](../../surfing/#x7 "tree and pragmatics")

**surge** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* A surge is a sudden, strong rush forward of water, people or something else.[↗](../../surge/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* A surge is a sudden increase, like a surge of energy or a surge in prices.[↗](../../surge/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 3:* To surge is to move forward or rise suddenly and powerfully.[↗](../../surge/#m3 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 4:* A power surge is a sudden jump in electricity that can damage machines.[↗](../../surge/#m4 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* The crowd surged towards the stage.[↗](../../surge/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · A huge wave surged over the wall.[↗](../../surge/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · The storm surge flooded the streets by the sea.[↗](../../surge/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · She felt a surge of excitement.[↗](../../surge/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · There was a surge in visitors at the zoo in the holidays.[↗](../../surge/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · A power surge broke our television.[↗](../../surge/#x6 "tree and pragmatics") · The river surged after the heavy rain.[↗](../../surge/#x7 "tree and pragmatics") · Our team surged ahead in the second half.[↗](../../surge/#x8 "tree and pragmatics") · From those dark-green surges there gaped at him monstrous and cavernous jaws; and round, wicked, red-rimmed, bulging eyes stared fixedly at the boat.[↗](../../surge/#x9 "tree and pragmatics")

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