---
title: S — The English dictionary with trees and pragmatics · page 32
description: The 2316 words of the English dictionary under S, every meaning for a pupil and every example with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# S — The English dictionary · page 32

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**shady** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* A shady place is out of the sun, cool and partly dark, because trees or buildings block the light.[↗](../../shady/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* A shady tree or plant gives shade.[↗](../../shady/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 3:* Informally, shady means dishonest or suspicious: a shady deal, a shady character.[↗](../../shady/#m3 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* Let's eat our lunch in a shady spot under the tree.[↗](../../shady/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · Ferns grow well in shady corners of the garden.[↗](../../shady/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · The shady side of the street was much cooler.[↗](../../shady/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · Our dog lay in a shady patch by the fence.[↗](../../shady/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · The man selling cheap watches looked shady.[↗](../../shady/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · Plant the lettuce somewhere shady in summer.[↗](../../shady/#x6 "tree and pragmatics") · A big oak makes the playground shady.[↗](../../shady/#x7 "tree and pragmatics") · Then Mowgli picked out a shady place, and lay down and slept while the buffaloes grazed round him.[↗](../../shady/#x8 "tree and pragmatics")

**shaft** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* A shaft is a long, narrow hole that goes straight down or up, such as a mine shaft or a lift shaft.[↗](../../shaft/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* A shaft is the long, thin straight part of a tool, arrow, spear or golf club.[↗](../../shaft/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 3:* A shaft of light is a narrow beam of light shining through a gap.[↗](../../shaft/#m3 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 4:* In machines, a shaft is a rod that turns and passes on movement, like the shaft in a car.[↗](../../shaft/#m4 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 5:* A shaft can also be one of the two long poles on a cart, between which a horse is harnessed.[↗](../../shaft/#m5 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* The miners went down the shaft in a metal cage.[↗](../../shaft/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · A shaft of sunlight came through the gap in the curtains.[↗](../../shaft/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · The arrow had a wooden shaft and a sharp tip.[↗](../../shaft/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · The lift shaft runs from the basement to the top floor.[↗](../../shaft/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · Keep away from old mine shafts; they can be very deep.[↗](../../shaft/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · The motor turns a shaft that spins the wheels.[↗](../../shaft/#x6 "tree and pragmatics") · The handle of the hammer is called its shaft.[↗](../../shaft/#x7 "tree and pragmatics") · The golf club's shaft bent when he hit the tree.[↗](../../shaft/#x8 "tree and pragmatics") · So of course the townspeople, whenever they wanted a horse shod or a shaft mended, went to the mayor.[↗](../../shaft/#x9 "tree and pragmatics") · And he made the candlestick of pure gold: of beaten work made he the candlestick, even its base, and its shaft; its cups, its knops, and its flowers, were of one piece with it.[↗](../../shaft/#x10 "tree and pragmatics") (Torah EXO.37.17, JPS 1917)[↗](../../shaft/#x10 "tree and pragmatics") · And thou shalt make a candlestick of pure gold: of beaten work shall the candlestick be made, even its base, and its shaft; its cups, its knops, and its flowers, shall be of one piece with it.[↗](../../shaft/#x11 "tree and pragmatics") (Torah EXO.25.31, JPS 1917)[↗](../../shaft/#x11 "tree and pragmatics") · There He broke the fiery shafts of the bow; the shield, and the sword, and the battle.[↗](../../shaft/#x12 "tree and pragmatics") (Writings PSA.76.4, JPS 1917)[↗](../../shaft/#x12 "tree and pragmatics") · If one lay at him with the sword, it will not hold; nor the spear, the dart, nor the pointed shaft.[↗](../../shaft/#x13 "tree and pragmatics") (Writings JOB.41.18, JPS 1917)[↗](../../shaft/#x13 "tree and pragmatics") · And the shaft of his spear was like a weaver's beam; and his spear's head weighed six hundred shekels of iron; and his shield-bearer went before him.[↗](../../shaft/#x14 "tree and pragmatics") (Prophets 1SA.17.7, JPS 1917)[↗](../../shaft/#x14 "tree and pragmatics")

**shaggy** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* Shaggy means having long, thick, untidy hair or fur.[↗](../../shaggy/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* Shaggy can describe a carpet, rug or plant with long, rough threads or leaves.[↗](../../shaggy/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 3:* "A shaggy dog story" is a long joke or story with a silly or pointless ending.[↗](../../shaggy/#m3 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* A big shaggy dog bounded up to us.[↗](../../shaggy/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · The Highland cow has a shaggy coat.[↗](../../shaggy/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · His hair was long and shaggy after the summer.[↗](../../shaggy/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · We lay on the shaggy rug by the fire.[↗](../../shaggy/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · Yaks have shaggy fur to keep warm in the mountains.[↗](../../shaggy/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · The shaggy monster turned out to be a friendly giant.[↗](../../shaggy/#x6 "tree and pragmatics") · Grandpa told a shaggy dog story with a silly ending.[↗](../../shaggy/#x7 "tree and pragmatics") · The door was thrust open--it was Bruin, the great, shaggy Bruin\![↗](../../shaggy/#x8 "tree and pragmatics")

**shah** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* The title of the king of Iran (Persia) in the past.[↗](../../shah/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* A title used by some rulers in other lands such as Afghanistan and in old India.[↗](../../shah/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 3:* (a name) Shah is also a common family name in South Asia.[↗](../../shah/#m3 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* The Shah of Iran ruled from a palace in Tehran.[↗](../../shah/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · The last shah left Iran during a revolution.[↗](../../shah/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · In the old Persian story, the shah listened to a thousand tales.[↗](../../shah/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · "Checkmate" comes from Persian words meaning "the shah is helpless".[↗](../../shah/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · Our new classmate's surname is Shah.[↗](../../shah/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · The shah wore a jewelled crown.[↗](../../shah/#x6 "tree and pragmatics")

**shake** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* To shake is to move something quickly up and down or side to side.[↗](../../shake/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* To shake hands is to hold someone's hand and move it up and down to greet them.[↗](../../shake/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 3:* To shake is to tremble, like shaking with cold or fear.[↗](../../shake/#m3 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 4:* A shake (milkshake) is a cold drink made with milk and ice cream.[↗](../../shake/#m4 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 5:* To shake your head is to move it side to side to mean «no».[↗](../../shake/#m5 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 6:* To shake something off can mean to get rid of it.[↗](../../shake/#m6 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* Each child shakes hands with every other child.[↗](../../shake/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · How many handshakes are there if 5 people each shake hands once?[↗](../../shake/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · A milk shake costs 3 dollars.[↗](../../shake/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · She shook the jar and 4 coins fell out.[↗](../../shake/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · Shake the bottle before you pour.[↗](../../shake/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · The ground shook during the earthquake.[↗](../../shake/#x6 "tree and pragmatics") · He was shaking with cold after the swim.[↗](../../shake/#x7 "tree and pragmatics") · She shook her head to say no.[↗](../../shake/#x8 "tree and pragmatics") · I'll be ready in two shakes.[↗](../../shake/#x9 "tree and pragmatics") · I'm preparin' fer to shake worldliness.[↗](../../shake/#x10 "tree and pragmatics") · And by thy sword shalt thou live, and thou shalt serve thy brother; and it shall come to pass when thou shalt break loose, that thou shalt shake his yoke from off thy neck.[↗](../../shake/#x11 "tree and pragmatics") (Torah GEN.27.40, JPS 1917)[↗](../../shake/#x11 "tree and pragmatics") · At the sound of the cry of thy pilots the waves shall shake.[↗](../../shake/#x12 "tree and pragmatics") (Prophets EZK.27.28, JPS 1917)[↗](../../shake/#x12 "tree and pragmatics") · Fear came upon me, and trembling, and all my bones were made to shake.[↗](../../shake/#x13 "tree and pragmatics") (Writings JOB.4.14, JPS 1917)[↗](../../shake/#x13 "tree and pragmatics") · Though the waters thereof roar and foam, though the mountains shake at the swelling thereof.[↗](../../shake/#x14 "tree and pragmatics") (Writings PSA.46.4, JPS 1917)[↗](../../shake/#x14 "tree and pragmatics")

**shaken** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* (verb) Shaken is a form of "shake": moved quickly up and down or side to side.[↗](../../shaken/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* (adjective) Shaken means upset, frightened or shocked after something bad has happened.[↗](../../shaken/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 3:* Shaken off can also mean got rid of something.[↗](../../shaken/#m3 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* The bottle has been shaken, so open it slowly.[↗](../../shaken/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · She was shaken after the near miss with the car.[↗](../../shaken/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · The house was shaken by the earthquake.[↗](../../shaken/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · He looked shaken but was not hurt.[↗](../../shaken/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · Have you shaken the paint tin?[↗](../../shaken/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · The news left us all shaken up.[↗](../../shaken/#x6 "tree and pragmatics") · Oh, how gladly she would have shaken off all this grandeur, and laid aside the heavy wreath\![↗](../../shaken/#x7 "tree and pragmatics") · I am gone like the shadow when it lengtheneth; I am shaken off as the locust.[↗](../../shaken/#x8 "tree and pragmatics") (Writings PSA.109.23, JPS 1917)[↗](../../shaken/#x8 "tree and pragmatics") · That it might take hold of the ends of the earth, and the wicked be shaken out of it?[↗](../../shaken/#x9 "tree and pragmatics") (Writings JOB.38.13, JPS 1917)[↗](../../shaken/#x9 "tree and pragmatics") · Then the earth did shake and quake, the foundations of heaven did tremble; they were shaken, because He was wroth.[↗](../../shaken/#x10 "tree and pragmatics") (Prophets 2SA.22.8, JPS 1917)[↗](../../shaken/#x10 "tree and pragmatics")

**shaker** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* A container with small holes in the lid for shaking out salt, pepper, sugar or other powder.[↗](../../shaker/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* A container you shake to mix drinks, such as a protein or milkshake shaker.[↗](../../shaker/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 3:* A musical instrument filled with beads or seeds that rattles when shaken, like a maraca or egg shaker.[↗](../../shaker/#m3 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 4:* A Shaker is a member of a small Christian group in the USA, famous for simple handmade furniture and for shaking or dancing in worship.[↗](../../shaker/#m4 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 5:* In «movers and shakers», important people who make things happen.[↗](../../shaker/#m5 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* Can you pass the salt shaker, please?[↗](../../shaker/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · Our class played egg shakers along with the song.[↗](../../shaker/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · The pepper shaker is empty again.[↗](../../shaker/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · Dad mixes his protein drink in a plastic shaker.[↗](../../shaker/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · The Shakers made simple wooden chairs that are still copied today.[↗](../../shaker/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · She is one of the movers and shakers in our town, always starting new projects.[↗](../../shaker/#x6 "tree and pragmatics") · We made shakers by putting rice in yoghurt pots and taping them shut.[↗](../../shaker/#x7 "tree and pragmatics") · The shaker rattles like rain.[↗](../../shaker/#x8 "tree and pragmatics")

**shaky** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* Shaking or trembling, often because of fear, cold, illness or weakness (shaky hands, a shaky voice).[↗](../../shaky/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* Not firm or steady; likely to fall or break (a shaky ladder).[↗](../../shaky/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 3:* Not certain, strong or good (shaky spelling, a shaky start).[↗](../../shaky/#m3 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 4:* In some dialects, shaky is used as a verb meaning to shake.[↗](../../shaky/#m4 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* My hands were shaky before I read my poem.[↗](../../shaky/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · Don't stand on that shaky chair.[↗](../../shaky/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · The old bridge looked shaky, so we didn't cross it.[↗](../../shaky/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · Her voice was shaky because she was nervous.[↗](../../shaky/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · My division is still a bit shaky.[↗](../../shaky/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · After being ill, Grandpa's legs felt shaky.[↗](../../shaky/#x6 "tree and pragmatics") · The team had a shaky start but won the game.[↗](../../shaky/#x7 "tree and pragmatics")

**shale** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* Shale is a soft grey or dark rock made of hardened mud or clay that splits easily into thin flat layers.[↗](../../shale/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* Shale is also a source of oil and gas that companies drill for.[↗](../../shale/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* The cliff was made of crumbly grey shale.[↗](../../shale/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · Shale splits into thin flakes when you tap it.[↗](../../shale/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · We found a fossil fern in a piece of shale.[↗](../../shale/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · Shale is a sedimentary rock made from mud.[↗](../../shale/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · Some companies drill deep into shale to get gas.[↗](../../shale/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · The path was slippery with loose shale.[↗](../../shale/#x6 "tree and pragmatics")

**shallow** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* Shallow means not deep: there is only a short distance from the top to the bottom.[↗](../../shallow/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* A shallow person or idea does not think about serious things or care much.[↗](../../shallow/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 3:* Shallow breathing is quick and light.[↗](../../shallow/#m3 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 4:* The shallows are the shallow parts of a sea or river.[↗](../../shallow/#m4 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* Stay in the shallow end of the pool.[↗](../../shallow/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · Never dive into shallow water.[↗](../../shallow/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · The stream is shallow enough to walk across.[↗](../../shallow/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · Put the water in a shallow dish.[↗](../../shallow/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · Little fish swim in the shallows.[↗](../../shallow/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · His breathing was quick and shallow.[↗](../../shallow/#x6 "tree and pragmatics") · The river can be deeper than it looks.[↗](../../shallow/#x7 "tree and pragmatics") · A shallow bowl holds less soup.[↗](../../shallow/#x8 "tree and pragmatics") · He found one half-buried in the shallow water.[↗](../../shallow/#x9 "tree and pragmatics")

**shalt** — *Early Modern English, meaning 1:* You will, or you must (used as a command or promise).[↗](../../shalt/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* And thou shalt make settings of gold;[↗](../../shalt/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") (Torah EXO.28.13, JPS 1917) · Thou shalt not be turned away.[↗](../../shalt/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") (Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen) · Thou shalt make thee no molten gods.[↗](../../shalt/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") (Torah EXO.34.17, JPS 1917)

**sham** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* A sham is something fake or pretended, made to look real.[↗](../../sham/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* As an adjective, sham means not real, copied or false: a sham fight.[↗](../../sham/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 3:* To sham is to pretend, to act as if something is true when it is not.[↗](../../sham/#m3 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* The prince was a sham, only a tailor in fine clothes.[↗](../../sham/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · The toy soldiers had a sham fight.[↗](../../sham/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · He shammed sleep so he would not have to help.[↗](../../sham/#x3 "tree and pragmatics")

**shame** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* Shame is the bad, hot feeling you have when you know you did something wrong or silly and others may know.[↗](../../shame/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* «It's a shame» or «what a shame» means it is sad or a pity.[↗](../../shame/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 3:* To shame someone is to make them feel bad or embarrassed, often in front of others.[↗](../../shame/#m3 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 4:* «Shame on you» is a way of telling someone they behaved badly.[↗](../../shame/#m4 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* He felt shame when he saw the vase he had broken.[↗](../../shame/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · It's a shame you can't come to the party.[↗](../../shame/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · What a shame the zoo was closed\![↗](../../shame/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · Shame on you for teasing your little brother\![↗](../../shame/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · She hung her head in shame.[↗](../../shame/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · Making fun of someone to shame them is unkind.[↗](../../shame/#x6 "tree and pragmatics") · There is no shame in asking for help.[↗](../../shame/#x7 "tree and pragmatics") · His good mark shamed the others into working harder.[↗](../../shame/#x8 "tree and pragmatics") · Oh, I shall die of shame and despair!’[↗](../../shame/#x9 "tree and pragmatics") · And Judah said: 'Let her take it, lest we be put to shame; behold, I sent this kid, and thou hast not found her.'[↗](../../shame/#x10 "tree and pragmatics") (Torah GEN.38.23, JPS 1917)[↗](../../shame/#x10 "tree and pragmatics") · So he returned with shame of face to his own land.[↗](../../shame/#x11 "tree and pragmatics") (Writings 2CH.32.21, JPS 1917)[↗](../../shame/#x11 "tree and pragmatics") · I cleave unto Thy testimonies; O LORD, put me not to shame.[↗](../../shame/#x12 "tree and pragmatics") (Writings PSA.119.31, JPS 1917)[↗](../../shame/#x12 "tree and pragmatics") · When pride cometh, then cometh shame; but with the lowly is wisdom.[↗](../../shame/#x13 "tree and pragmatics") (Writings PRO.11.2, JPS 1917)[↗](../../shame/#x13 "tree and pragmatics")

**shamefaced** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* Shamefaced means feeling ashamed and embarrassed, and showing it in the face or manner.[↗](../../shamefaced/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* She stood shamefaced, unable to reply.[↗](../../shamefaced/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · The boys were shamefaced after they lost the game.[↗](../../shamefaced/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · When they came back they were so shamefaced they hardly dared look up.[↗](../../shamefaced/#x3 "tree and pragmatics")

**shameful** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* Causing shame; so bad or wrong that people should feel ashamed of it.[↗](../../shameful/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* Disgraceful; shocking in a bad way.[↗](../../shameful/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* It's shameful to laugh at someone who has fallen over.[↗](../../shameful/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · Cheating in the test was a shameful thing to do.[↗](../../shameful/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · The way they treated the new girl was shameful.[↗](../../shameful/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · He kept the shameful secret for years.[↗](../../shameful/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · It is shameful that the park is full of litter.[↗](../../shameful/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · Leaving the dog without water all day was shameful.[↗](../../shameful/#x6 "tree and pragmatics") · What a shameful day for me\![↗](../../shameful/#x7 "tree and pragmatics") · But the shameful thing hath devoured the labour of our fathers from our youth; their flocks and their herds, their sons and their daughters.[↗](../../shameful/#x8 "tree and pragmatics") (Prophets JER.3.24, JPS 1917)[↗](../../shameful/#x8 "tree and pragmatics") · For according to the number of thy cities are thy gods, O Judah; and according to the number of the streets of Jerusalem have ye set up altars to the shameful thing, even altars to offer unto Baal.[↗](../../shameful/#x9 "tree and pragmatics") (Prophets JER.11.13, JPS 1917)[↗](../../shameful/#x9 "tree and pragmatics")

**shamefully** — *Everyday, meaning 1:* In a way that should make someone feel ashamed; very badly or unfairly: «They were shamefully treated.».[↗](../../shamefully/#m1 "tree and pragmatics") *Everyday, meaning 2:* Showing shame.[↗](../../shamefully/#m2 "tree and pragmatics") *Example:* The poor workers were shamefully treated.[↗](../../shamefully/#x1 "tree and pragmatics") · The ducks were shamefully neglected by their owner.[↗](../../shamefully/#x2 "tree and pragmatics") · Toad behaved shamefully at the trial.[↗](../../shamefully/#x3 "tree and pragmatics") · He shamefully lied to his best friend.[↗](../../shamefully/#x4 "tree and pragmatics") · The old church had been shamefully left to fall down.[↗](../../shamefully/#x5 "tree and pragmatics") · She hung her head shamefully.[↗](../../shamefully/#x6 "tree and pragmatics") · But they wouldn't listen to him, and abused him shamefully, and he got away as quick as he could.[↗](../../shamefully/#x7 "tree and pragmatics") · A righteous man hateth lying; but a wicked man behaveth vilely and shamefully.[↗](../../shamefully/#x8 "tree and pragmatics") (Writings PRO.13.5, JPS 1917)[↗](../../shamefully/#x8 "tree and pragmatics") · A wise son gathereth in summer; but a son that doeth shamefully sleepeth in harvest.[↗](../../shamefully/#x9 "tree and pragmatics") (Writings PRO.10.5, JPS 1917)[↗](../../shamefully/#x9 "tree and pragmatics") · A son that dealeth shamefully and reproachfully will despoil his father, and chase away his mother.[↗](../../shamefully/#x10 "tree and pragmatics") (Writings PRO.19.26, JPS 1917)[↗](../../shamefully/#x10 "tree and pragmatics")

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