---
title: abandon — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «abandon» in the Judaism dictionary: To abandon means to leave someone or something, especially someone who needs you, and not come back («abandon a pet»). Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# abandon

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** end, abandon, wild free way, he, fact, Thou · **What happens:** abandon, mean, leave, need, not come back, stop · **To what, where:** someone, you, pet, plan, activity, match · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«abandon» in the Judaism dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 12 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [abandon in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/abandon.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To abandon means to leave someone or something, especially someone who needs you, and not come back («abandon a pet»).

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:abandon:m1:1
# text = To abandon means to leave someone or something, especially someone who needs you, and not come back («abandon a pet»).
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	abandon	abandon	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	csubj	_	_
3	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	leave	leave	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	5	obj	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	especially	especially	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
11	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	6	conj	_	_
12	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	13	nsubj	_	_
13	needs	need	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	acl:relcl	_	_
14	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	13	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
17	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	18	advmod	_	_
18	come	come	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	conj	_	_
19	back	back	ADV	RB	_	18	advmod	_	_
20	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	22	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	22	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	abandon	abandon	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	18	conj	_	_
23	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	pet	pet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	22	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	22	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **abandon** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn leave-51.2 «NP V NP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **leave** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  | someone |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent someone=Theme |
| 4 | **need** | present |  | you |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot you=Theme |
| 5 | **not** **come back** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 6 | **abandon** *in a quote* | infinitive |  | a pet |  |  |  |  | vn leave-51.2 «NP V NP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme pet=Source |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To abandon a plan or activity means to stop it before the end («The match was abandoned because of rain»).

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:abandon:m2:1
# text = To abandon a plan or activity means to stop it before the end («The match was abandoned because of rain»).
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	abandon	abandon	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	csubj	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	plan	plan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	activity	activity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
7	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	stop	stop	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	ccomp	_	_
10	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	obj	_	_
11	before	before	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	end	end	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
14	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	19	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	19	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	match	match	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nsubj:pass	_	_
18	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	19	aux:pass	_	_
19	abandoned	abandon	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	13	acl:relcl	_	_
20	because	because	ADP	IN	ExtPos=ADP	22	case	_	_
21	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	fixed	_	_
22	rain	rain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	22	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	19	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **abandon** | to-infinitive |  | a plan or activity |  |  |  |  | vn leave-51.2 «NP V NP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme plan=Source |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **stop** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  | activity |  |  | before the end |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality it=Eventuality |
| 4 | **abandon** *in a quote* | past · passive | the end *not said here* | the match |  |  |  | because rain | vn leave-51.2 «NP V NP.initial\_location»: subject=Source |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To abandon a place means to leave it, often because of danger («Abandon ship!»).

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:abandon:m3:1
# text = To abandon a place means to leave it, often because of danger («Abandon ship!»).
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	abandon	abandon	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	csubj	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	leave	leave	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	xcomp	_	_
8	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
10	often	often	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
11	because	because	ADP	IN	ExtPos=ADP	13	case	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	fixed	_	_
13	danger	danger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
14	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	Abandon	Abandon	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	compound	_	_
17	ship	ship	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **abandon** | to-infinitive |  | a place |  |  |  |  | vn leave-51.2 «NP V NP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme place=Source |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **leave** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  | place |  |  |  | because danger | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«With abandon» means in a wild, free way without worrying.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:abandon:m4:1
# text = «With abandon» means in a wild, free way without worrying.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	With	with	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	abandon	abandon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
5	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
8	wild	wild	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
10	free	free	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
12	without	without	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
13	worrying	worry	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	11	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | abandon |  |  |  |  | in a wild free way | vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Pivot in way=Attribute |
| 2 | **worry** | gerund | a wild free way *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
As a matter of fact, he himself abandons the division of the letters into three parts, and rearranges them in a twofold division, one of ten and one of twelve letters. (Mordell, The Origin of Letters and Numerals according to Sefer Yetzirah (1914))

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* As a matter of fact, he himself abandons the division of the letters into three parts, and rearranges them in a twofold division, one of ten and one of twelve letters.

<!-- fold The tree, 31 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:abandon:x1:1
# text = As a matter of fact, he himself abandons the division of the letters into three parts, and rearranges them in a twofold division, one of ten and one of twelve letters.
1	As	as	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	matter	matter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	fact	fact	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
7	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
8	himself	himself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Emp|Reflex=Yes	7	nmod:unmarked	_	_
9	abandons	abandon	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	division	division	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	letters	letter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nmod	_	_
15	into	into	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	17	nummod	_	_
17	parts	part	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
20	rearranges	rearrange	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	conj	_	_
21	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	obj	_	_
22	in	in	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
23	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
24	twofold	twofold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	compound	_	_
25	division	division	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
27	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	25	appos	_	_
28	of	of	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
29	ten	ten	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	27	nmod	_	_
30	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	31	cc	_	_
31	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	27	conj	_	_
32	of	of	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
33	twelve	twelve	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	34	nummod	_	_
34	letters	letter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	31	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **abandon** | present | he | the division of the letters |  | three parts |  | as a matter of fact | vn leave-51.2 «NP V NP.initial\_location PP.destination»: agent=Theme division=Source into part=Destination |
| 2 | **rearrange** | present | he *not said here* | parts *= part* |  | a twofold division |  |  | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Result |
| 3 | **matter** |  | fact |  |  |  |  |  | nom matter «cognition intransitive»: of=agent |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Mordell, The Origin of Letters and Numerals according to Sefer Yetzirah (1914))

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:abandon:x1:2
# text = (Mordell, The Origin of Letters and Numerals according to Sefer Yetzirah (1914))
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Mordell	Mordell	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
4	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	Origin	Origin	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	Letters	letter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	Numerals	numeral	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	conj	_	_
10	according	accord	VERB	VBG	ExtPos=ADP|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	12	case	_	_
11	to	to	ADP	IN	_	10	fixed	_	_
12	Sefer	Sefer	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
13	Yetzirah	Yetzirah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	flat	_	_
14	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	1914	1914	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	list	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	))	))	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **accord** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
For Thou wilt not abandon my soul to the nether-world; neither wilt Thou suffer Thy godly one to see the pit. (Writings PSA.16.10, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* For Thou wilt not abandon my soul to the nether-world; neither wilt Thou suffer Thy godly one to see the pit.

<!-- fold The tree, 22 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:abandon:x2:1
# text = For Thou wilt not abandon my soul to the nether-world; neither wilt Thou suffer Thy godly one to see the pit.
1	For	for	SCONJ	IN	_	5	mark	_	_
2	Thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	5	nsubj	_	_
3	wilt	will	AUX	MD	Style=Arch|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	5	advmod	_	_
5	abandon	abandon	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	17	advcl	_	_
6	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	soul	soul	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	to	to	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
10	nether	nether	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	world	world	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	17	punct	_	_
14	neither	neither	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	17	nsubj	_	_
15	wilt	will	AUX	MD	Style=Arch|VerbForm=Fin	17	aux	_	_
16	Thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	17	nsubj	_	_
17	suffer	suffer	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
18	Thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	20	nmod:poss	_	_
19	godly	godly	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	one	one	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obj	_	_
21	to	to	PART	TO	_	22	mark	_	_
22	see	see	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	17	advcl	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	pit	pit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	17	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **abandon** | future | Thou | my soul |  | the nether world |  |  | vn leave-51.2 «NP V NP.initial\_location PP.destination»: agent=Theme soul=Source to world=Destination |
| 2 | **suffer** | future | neither | Thy godly one |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer one=Stimulus |
| 3 | **see** | to-infinitive | neither *not said here* | the pit |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer pit=Stimulus |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings PSA.16.10, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:abandon:x2:2
# text = (Writings PSA.16.10, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	PSA.16.10	PSA.16.10	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
For the fortified city is solitary, a habitation abandoned and forsaken, like the wilderness; there shall the calf feed, and there shall he lie down, and consume the branches thereof. (Prophets ISA.27.10, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* For the fortified city is solitary, a habitation abandoned and forsaken, like the wilderness; there shall the calf feed, and there shall he lie down, and consume the branches thereof.

<!-- fold The tree, 30 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:abandon:x3:1
# text = For the fortified city is solitary, a habitation abandoned and forsaken, like the wilderness; there shall the calf feed, and there shall he lie down, and consume the branches thereof.
1	For	for	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	fortified	fortify	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	amod	_	_
4	city	city	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
6	solitary	solitary	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	habitation	habitation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
10	abandoned	abandon	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	acl	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	forsaken	forsake	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
14	like	like	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	wilderness	wilderness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	22	punct	_	_
18	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	22	advmod	_	_
19	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	22	aux	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
21	calf	calf	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	compound	_	_
22	feed	feed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
24	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
25	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	28	expl	_	_
26	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	28	aux	_	_
27	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	28	nsubj	_	_
28	lie	lie	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	22	conj	_	_
29	down	down	ADP	RP	_	28	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
31	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	32	cc	_	_
32	consume	consume	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	28	conj	_	_
33	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
34	branches	branch	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	32	obj	_	_
35	thereof	thereof	ADV	RB	_	32	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fortify** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn equip-13.4.2-1-1 «NP.theme V NP»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | for the fortified city; solitary *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **abandon** | participle |  | a habitation *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn leave-51.2 «NP V NP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **forsake** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | like the wilderness | tree rules |
| 5 | **lie down** | shall | he |  |  | there |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 6 | **consume** | infinitive | he *not said here* | the branches |  |  |  | thereof *property* | vn consume-66 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent branch=Asset |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Prophets ISA.27.10, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:abandon:x3:2
# text = (Prophets ISA.27.10, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	ISA.27.10	ISA.27.10	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They found an abandoned puppy by the road.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:abandon:x4:1
# text = They found an abandoned puppy by the road.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	found	find	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	abandoned	abandon	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	amod	_	_
5	puppy	puppy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	by	by	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	road	road	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **find** | past | They | a abandoned puppy |  |  |  | by the road | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent puppy=Topic |
| 2 | **abandon** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn leave-51.2 «NP V NP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The football match was abandoned because of the storm.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:abandon:x5:1
# text = The football match was abandoned because of the storm.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	football	football	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	match	match	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	abandoned	abandon	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	because	because	ADP	IN	ExtPos=ADP	9	case	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	fixed	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	storm	storm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **abandon** | past · passive |  | the football match |  |  |  | because the storm | vn leave-51.2 «NP V NP.initial\_location»: subject=Source |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Abandon ship!» shouted the captain.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:abandon:x6:1
# text = «Abandon ship!» shouted the captain.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Abandon	abandon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	ship	ship	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
6	shouted	shout	VERB	VBD	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	captain	captain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shout** *speech: express* | past | Abandon ship | the captain |  |  |  |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent captain=Topic |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Never play in abandoned buildings; they can be unsafe.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:abandon:x7:1
# text = Never play in abandoned buildings; they can be unsafe.
1	Never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	2	advmod	_	_
2	play	play	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	abandoned	abandon	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	amod	_	_
5	buildings	building	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	10	punct	_	_
7	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
8	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
9	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	cop	_	_
10	unsafe	unsafe	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **play** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  | abandoned buildings |  |  | vn performance-26.7-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **abandon** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn leave-51.2 «NP V NP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **is** | can | buildings *= building* |  |  |  |  | unsafe *property* | tree rules |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We abandoned our picnic when it started to rain.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:abandon:x8:1
# text = We abandoned our picnic when it started to rain.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	abandoned	abandon	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	picnic	picnic	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	7	advmod	_	_
6	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	started	start	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	advcl	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	rain	rain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **abandon** | past | We | our picnic |  |  |  |  | vn leave-51.2 «NP V NP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme picnic=Source |
| 2 | **start** | past | picnic | rain |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rain=Eventuality |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The village was abandoned hundreds of years ago.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:abandon:x9:1
# text = The village was abandoned hundreds of years ago.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	village	village	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	abandoned	abandon	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	hundreds	hundred	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl:unmarked	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	_
8	ago	ago	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **abandon** | past · passive |  | the village |  |  |  | ago *property* | vn leave-51.2 «NP V NP.initial\_location»: subject=Source |

## Example 10 {#x10}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Do not abandon your friend when they need help.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:abandon:x10:1
# text = Do not abandon your friend when they need help.
1	Do	do	AUX	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
2	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	3	advmod	_	_
3	abandon	abandon	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	friend	friend	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	8	advmod	_	_
7	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	need	need	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	_
9	help	help	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **abandon** | imperative · do-support | you *not said here* | your friend |  |  |  |  | vn leave-51.2 «NP V NP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme friend=Source |
| 2 | **need** | present | they | help |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot help=Theme |

## Example 11 {#x11}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The children danced with wild abandon.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:abandon:x11:1
# text = The children danced with wild abandon.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	danced	dance	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	wild	wild	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	abandon	abandon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **dance** | past | the children |  |  |  |  | with wild abandon | vn modes\_of\_being\_with\_motion-47.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 12 {#x12}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"A bad fellow, that Ivan! now he's rich, he's abandoned us!"

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:abandon:x12:1
# text = "A bad fellow, that Ivan! now he's rich, he's abandoned us!"
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	bad	bad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	fellow	fellow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nsubj:pass	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
6	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
7	Ivan	Ivan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
9	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	12	advmod	_	_
10	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	cop	_	_
12	rich	rich	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
14	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	aux:pass	_	_
16	abandoned	abandon	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
17	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	16	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	16	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** *in a quote* | present | Ivan |  |  |  | now | rich *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **abandon** *in a quote* | present · passive |  | a bad fellow |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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