---
title: abyss — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «abyss» in the Judaism dictionary: An abyss is a very deep hole or gap in the ground, so deep it seems to have no bottom. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# abyss

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** abyss, it, huge difference, word, sunk, water · **What happens:** be, seem, have, cross, come, accord · **To what, where:** deep hole, bottom, terrible situation, deepest darkest part, OUMQ, viscous stones · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«abyss» in the Judaism dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 11 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [abyss in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/abyss.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An abyss is a very deep hole or gap in the ground, so deep it seems to have no bottom.

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:abyss:m1:1
# text = An abyss is a very deep hole or gap in the ground, so deep it seems to have no bottom.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	abyss	abyss	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
5	very	very	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	deep	deep	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	hole	hole	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	gap	gap	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	ground	ground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
14	so	so	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
15	deep	deep	ADV	RB	_	17	advmod	_	_
16	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj	_	_
17	seems	seem	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	acl:relcl	_	_
18	to	to	PART	TO	_	19	mark	_	_
19	have	have	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	17	xcomp	_	_
20	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	21	det	_	_
21	bottom	bottom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a abyss | a deep hole or gap in the ground |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **seem** | present | it | a deep hole or gap in the ground *not said here* |  |  |  | deep *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **have** | to-infinitive |  | no bottom |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bottom=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: literary — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An abyss is a terrible situation or a huge difference that seems impossible to cross.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:abyss:m2:1
# text = An abyss is a terrible situation or a huge difference that seems impossible to cross.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	abyss	abyss	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	terrible	terrible	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	situation	situation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	huge	huge	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	difference	difference	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
11	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	12	nsubj	_	_
12	seems	seem	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	acl:relcl	_	_
13	impossible	impossible	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	xcomp	_	_
14	to	to	PART	TO	_	15	mark	_	_
15	cross	cross	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a abyss | a terrible situation or a huge difference |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **seem** | present | a huge difference |  |  |  |  | impossible *property* | vn seem-109-1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **cross** | to-infinitive | a huge difference *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn contiguous\_location-47.8-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: science — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The abyss is the deepest, darkest part of the ocean.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:abyss:m3:1
# text = The abyss is the deepest, darkest part of the ocean.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	abyss	abyss	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
5	deepest	deep	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	8	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
7	darkest	dark	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	8	amod	_	_
8	part	part	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	ocean	ocean	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the abyss | the deepest darkest part |  |  |  | of the ocean | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Abyss ; the word is OUMQ for OMQ, a depth, vastness, or valley. (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1893)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Abyss ; the word is OUMQ for OMQ, a depth, vastness, or valley.

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:abyss:x1:1
# text = Abyss ; the word is OUMQ for OMQ, a depth, vastness, or valley.
1	Abyss	abyss	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
2	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	6	punct	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
6	OUMQ	OUMQ	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	_
7	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	OMQ	OMQ	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	depth	depth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
13	vastness	vastness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
15	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	valley	valley	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the word | OUMQ and vastness |  |  |  | for OMQ | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1893)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:abyss:x1:2
# text = (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1893)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Sefer	Sefer	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	Yetzirah	Yetzirah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	Westcott	Westcott	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
6	1893	1893	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
sunk in the abyss, whence water comes forth. (Mordell, The Origin of Letters and Numerals according to Sefer Yetzirah (1914))

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* sunk in the abyss, whence water comes forth.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:abyss:x2:1
# text = sunk in the abyss, whence water comes forth.
1	sunk	sunk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
2	in	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	abyss	abyss	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
6	whence	whence	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	8	advmod	_	_
7	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
8	comes	come	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	forth	forth	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | present | sunk in the abyss |  |  |  |  | forth, whence *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Mordell, The Origin of Letters and Numerals according to Sefer Yetzirah (1914))

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:abyss:x2:2
# text = (Mordell, The Origin of Letters and Numerals according to Sefer Yetzirah (1914))
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Mordell	Mordell	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
4	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	Origin	Origin	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	Letters	letter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	Numerals	numeral	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	conj	_	_
10	according	accord	VERB	VBG	ExtPos=ADP|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	12	case	_	_
11	to	to	ADP	IN	_	10	fixed	_	_
12	Sefer	Sefer	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
13	Yetzirah	Yetzirah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	flat	_	_
14	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	1914	1914	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	list	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	))	))	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **accord** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
refers to viscous stones, sunk in the abyss, whence water comes (Mordell, The Origin of Letters and Numerals according to Sefer Yetzirah (1914))

<!-- fold The tree, 23 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:abyss:x3:1
# text = refers to viscous stones, sunk in the abyss, whence water comes (Mordell, The Origin of Letters and Numerals according to Sefer Yetzirah (1914))
1	refers	refer	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	to	to	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	viscous	viscous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	stones	stone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	sunk	sink	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	acl	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	abyss	abyss	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	whence	whence	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	13	advmod	_	_
12	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
13	comes	come	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	acl:relcl	_	_
14	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	Mordell	Mordell	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
17	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	Origin	Origin	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	appos	_	_
19	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	Letters	letter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	nmod	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
22	Numerals	numeral	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	conj	_	_
23	according	accord	VERB	VBG	ExtPos=ADP|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	25	case	_	_
24	to	to	ADP	IN	_	23	fixed	_	_
25	Sefer	Sefer	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	20	nmod	_	_
26	Yetzirah	Yetzirah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	25	flat	_	_
27	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	28	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	1914	1914	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	15	nmod:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	))	))	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	15	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **refer** | present |  |  |  |  |  | to viscous stones | vn relate-86.2-2 «NP V PP.co-theme»: agent=Theme to stone=Co-Theme |
| 2 | **sink** | participle |  | viscous stones *not said here* |  | the abyss |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **come** | present | water | Mordell  1914 |  |  |  | whence *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **accord** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The climbers looked down into the dark abyss.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:abyss:x4:1
# text = The climbers looked down into the dark abyss.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	climbers	climber	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	looked	look	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	down	down	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	into	into	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	dark	dark	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	abyss	abyss	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **look down** | past | the climbers |  |  |  |  | into the dark abyss; down *property* | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent into abyss=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A rope bridge hung over the abyss.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:abyss:x5:1
# text = A rope bridge hung over the abyss.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	rope	rope	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	bridge	bridge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	hung	hang	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl	_	_
5	over	over	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	abyss	abyss	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hang** | participle |  | a rope bridge *not said here* |  | the abyss |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent over abyss=Location |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Strange glowing fish live in the abyss of the ocean.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:abyss:x6:1
# text = Strange glowing fish live in the abyss of the ocean.
1	Strange	strange	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
2	glowing	glow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	amod	_	_
3	fish	fish	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	live	live	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	abyss	abyss	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	ocean	ocean	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **glow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **live** | present | Strange glowing fish |  |  | the abyss of the ocean |  |  | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in abyss=Location |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Alice wondered if she was falling into a bottomless abyss.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:abyss:x7:1
# text = Alice wondered if she was falling into a bottomless abyss.
1	Alice	Alice	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	wondered	wonder	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
4	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
5	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
6	falling	fall	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	advcl	_	_
7	into	into	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	bottomless	bottomless	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	abyss	abyss	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wonder** *speech: ask* | past | Alice |  |  |  |  |  | vn care-88.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **fall** *a condition, not said to happen* | past · progressive | Alice |  |  |  |  | into a bottomless abyss *result* | vn become-109.1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient into abyss=Result |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The country was close to the abyss of war.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:abyss:x8:1
# text = The country was close to the abyss of war.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	country	country	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	close	close	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	abyss	abyss	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	war	war	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the country |  |  |  |  | to the abyss of war; close *property* | tree rules |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
No light reaches the abyss at the bottom of the sea.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:abyss:x9:1
# text = No light reaches the abyss at the bottom of the sea.
1	No	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	2	det	_	_
2	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	reaches	reach	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	abyss	abyss	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	at	at	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	bottom	bottom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **reach** | present | no light | the abyss |  | the bottom of the sea |  |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.source NP.asset»: agent=Agent abyss=Theme at bottom=Asset |

## Example 10 {#x10}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The dragon's cave opened onto a black abyss.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:abyss:x10:1
# text = The dragon's cave opened onto a black abyss.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	dragon	dragon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	cave	cave	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	opened	open	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	onto	onto	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	black	black	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	abyss	abyss	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **open** | past | the dragon's cave |  |  | a black abyss |  |  | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent onto abyss=Recipient |

## Example 11 {#x11}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The youth ran to look at it, and saw that a huge abyss had opened below the stone.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:abyss:x11:1
# text = The youth ran to look at it, and saw that a huge abyss had opened below the stone.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	youth	youth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	ran	run	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	look	look	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	advcl	_	_
6	at	at	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
11	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	16	mark	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	huge	huge	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	abyss	abyss	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nsubj:pass	_	_
15	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	16	aux	_	_
16	opened	open	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	ccomp	_	_
17	below	below	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	stone	stone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **run** | past | the youth |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **look** | to-infinitive | the youth *not said here* |  |  |  |  | at youth | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent at it=Theme |
| 3 | **see** | past | the youth *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 4 | **open** | past · perfect · passive |  | a huge abyss |  | the stone |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V NP.theme PP»: subject=Theme below stone=Location |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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