---
title: adjure — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «adjure» in the Judaism dictionary: To solemnly command or beg someone, as if under an oath. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# adjure

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** you, that, I, ye · **What happens:** beg, be, adjure, awaken, stir up, find · **To what, where:** someone, us, you, love, beloved, Jerusalem · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«adjure» in the Judaism dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 3 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [adjure in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/adjure.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To solemnly command or beg someone, as if under an oath.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:adjure:m1:1
# text = To solemnly command or beg someone, as if under an oath.
1	To	to	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	solemnly	solemnly	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	command	command	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
4	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	beg	beg	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
8	as	as	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
9	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
10	under	under	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	oath	oath	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **beg** *speech: request* | imperative | you *not said here* |  | someone |  |  | to solemnly command; as a oath | vn beg-58.2-1-1 «NP V NP PP.Topic»: agent=Agent someone=Recipient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
What is thy beloved more than another beloved, that thou dost so adjure us?' (Writings SNG.5.9, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* What is thy beloved more than another beloved, that thou dost so adjure us?'

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:adjure:x1:1
# text = What is thy beloved more than another beloved, that thou dost so adjure us?'
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	beloved	beloved	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	more	more	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	4	obj	_	_
6	than	than	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	another	another	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	8	det	_	_
8	beloved	beloved	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
10	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	14	nsubj:outer	_	_
11	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	14	nsubj	_	_
12	dost	do	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux	_	_
13	so	so	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
14	adjure	adjure	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	conj	_	_
15	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	14	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | beloved *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **adjure** | present · do-support | that | us |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings SNG.5.9, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:adjure:x1:2
# text = (Writings SNG.5.9, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	SNG.5.9	SNG.5.9	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
'I adjure you, O daughters of Jerusalem: Why should ye awaken, or stir up love, until it please?' (Writings SNG.8.4, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* 'I adjure you, O daughters of Jerusalem: Why should ye awaken, or stir up love, until it please?'

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:adjure:x2:1
# text = 'I adjure you, O daughters of Jerusalem: Why should ye awaken, or stir up love, until it please?'
1	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	adjure	adjure	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	O	of	ADP	IN	Abbr=Yes	7	case	_	_
7	daughters	daughter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	Jerusalem	Jerusalem	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	14	punct	_	_
11	Why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	14	advmod	_	_
12	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	14	aux	_	_
13	ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	14	nsubj	_	_
14	awaken	awaken	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
16	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	stir	stir	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	14	conj	_	_
18	up	up	ADP	RP	_	17	compound:prt	_	_
19	love	love	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
21	until	until	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	conj	_	_
23	please	please	INTJ	UH	_	14	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **adjure** | present | I | you |  |  |  | of daughters of Jerusalem | tree rules |
| 2 | **awaken** | should | ye |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **stir up** | infinitive | ye *not said here* | love |  |  |  |  | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition love=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings SNG.8.4, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:adjure:x2:2
# text = (Writings SNG.8.4, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	SNG.8.4	SNG.8.4	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
'I adjure you, O daughters of Jerusalem, if ye find my beloved, what will ye tell him? that I am love-sick.' (Writings SNG.5.8, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* 'I adjure you, O daughters of Jerusalem, if ye find my beloved, what will ye tell him? that I am love-sick.'

<!-- fold The tree, 22 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:adjure:x3:1
# text = 'I adjure you, O daughters of Jerusalem, if ye find my beloved, what will ye tell him? that I am love-sick.'
1	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	adjure	adjure	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	O	of	ADP	IN	Abbr=Yes	7	case	_	_
7	daughters	daughter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	Jerusalem	Jerusalem	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
12	ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	13	nsubj	_	_
13	find	find	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
14	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	15	nmod:poss	_	_
15	beloved	beloved	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
17	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	20	obj	_	_
18	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	20	aux	_	_
19	ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	20	nsubj	_	_
20	tell	tell	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	conj	_	_
21	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	iobj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
23	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	28	mark	_	_
24	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	28	nsubj	_	_
25	am	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	28	cop	_	_
26	love	love	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	28	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	sick	sick	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **adjure** | present | I | you |  |  |  | of daughters of Jerusalem | tree rules |
| 2 | **find** *a condition, not said to happen* | present | ye | my beloved |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent beloved=Topic |
| 3 | **tell** *speech: assert* | future | ye |  | Jerusalem |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent he=Recipient what=Topic |
| 4 | **is** | present | I |  |  |  |  | sick *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings SNG.5.8, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:adjure:x3:2
# text = (Writings SNG.5.8, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	SNG.5.8	SNG.5.8	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

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**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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