---
title: afford — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «afford» in the Judaism dictionary: To have enough money to pay for something (We can't afford a new car). Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# afford

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** We, I, hill, horse, neither, garners · **What happens:** have, pay, not afford, miss, be, do · **To what, where:** enough money, new car, bus, something, mistakes, fine view

<!-- .vabout -->
«afford» in the Judaism dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 10 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [afford in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/afford.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To have enough money to pay for something (We can't afford a new car).

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:afford:m1:1
# text = To have enough money to pay for something (We can't afford a new car).
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	have	have	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	enough	enough	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	money	money	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	pay	pay	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	acl	_	_
7	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	6	obl	_	_
9	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
11	ca	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	13	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	13	advmod	_	_
13	afford	afford	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	appos	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	car	car	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | to-infinitive |  | enough money |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent money=Patient |
| 2 | **pay** | to-infinitive |  | enough money *not said here* |  |  |  | for something | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent for something=Theme |
| 3 | **not** **afford** | can | We | a new car |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To have enough time, space or energy for something (I can't afford to miss the bus).

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:afford:m2:1
# text = To have enough time, space or energy for something (I can't afford to miss the bus).
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	have	have	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	enough	enough	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	space	space	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	energy	energy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
9	for	for	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	4	nmod	_	_
11	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj	_	_
13	ca	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	15	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	15	advmod	_	_
15	afford	afford	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	appos	_	_
16	to	to	PART	TO	_	17	mark	_	_
17	miss	miss	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	15	xcomp	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	bus	bus	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  | time |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **not** **afford** | can | I |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **miss** | to-infinitive | I *not said here* | the bus |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer bus=Stimulus |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To be able to do something without bad results (We can't afford to make mistakes).

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:afford:m3:1
# text = To be able to do something without bad results (We can't afford to make mistakes).
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	3	mark	_	_
2	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	cop	_	_
3	able	able	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	5	obj	_	_
7	without	without	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	bad	bad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	results	result	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	_
10	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
12	ca	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	14	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	14	advmod	_	_
14	afford	afford	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	advcl	_	_
15	to	to	PART	TO	_	16	mark	_	_
16	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	14	xcomp	_	_
17	mistakes	mistake	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | able *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **do** | to-infinitive |  | something |  |  |  | without bad results | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Eventuality |
| 3 | **not** **afford** | can | We |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **make** | to-infinitive | We *not said here* | mistakes |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset mistake=Product |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: formal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To give or provide (The hill affords a fine view).

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:afford:m4:1
# text = To give or provide (The hill affords a fine view).
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	give	give	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	provide	provide	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
5	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	hill	hill	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
8	affords	afford	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	obj	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	fine	fine	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	view	view	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn break\_down-45.8 «NP V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **provide** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn ensure-99 «NP V that S»: agent=Precondition |
| 3 | **afford** | present | the hill | a fine view |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A horse is a vain thing for safety; neither doth it afford escape by its great strength. (Writings PSA.33.17, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* A horse is a vain thing for safety; neither doth it afford escape by its great strength.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:afford:x1:1
# text = A horse is a vain thing for safety; neither doth it afford escape by its great strength.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	horse	horse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	vain	vain	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	thing	thing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	safety	safety	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	11	punct	_	_
10	neither	neither	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	11	nsubj	_	_
11	doth	do	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
12	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	obj	_	_
13	afford	afford	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	xcomp	_	_
14	escape	escape	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	_
15	by	by	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
16	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	18	nmod:poss	_	_
17	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	strength	strength	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a horse | a vain thing |  |  |  | for safety | tree rules |
| 2 | **do** | present | neither | horse |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **afford** | infinitive | neither *not said here* | escape |  |  |  | by horse's great strength | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings PSA.33.17, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:afford:x1:2
# text = (Writings PSA.33.17, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	PSA.33.17	PSA.33.17	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Whose garners are full, affording all manner of store; whose sheep increase by thousands and ten thousands in our fields; (Writings PSA.144.13, JPS 1917)

<!-- fold The tree, 24 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:afford:x2:1
# text = Whose garners are full, affording all manner of store; whose sheep increase by thousands and ten thousands in our fields; (Writings PSA.144.13, JPS 1917)
1	Whose	whose	PRON	WP$	Poss=Yes|PronType=Rel	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	garners	garner	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	full	full	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	affording	afford	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	advcl	_	_
7	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	8	det	_	_
8	manner	manner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	store	store	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	14	punct	_	_
12	whose	whose	PRON	WP$	Poss=Yes|PronType=Rel	13	nmod:poss	_	_
13	sheep	sheep	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	nsubj	_	_
14	increase	increase	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
15	by	by	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	thousands	thousand	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	obl	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
18	ten	ten	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	19	nummod	_	_
19	thousands	thousand	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	conj	_	_
20	in	in	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	22	nmod:poss	_	_
22	fields	field	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	25	punct	_	_
24	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	25	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	parataxis	_	_
26	PSA.144.13	PSA.144.13	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	25	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
28	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	26	flat	_	_
29	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	26	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	25	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | garners |  |  |  |  | full *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **afford** | gerund | garners *not said here* | all manner of store |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **increase** | present | sheep |  |  |  |  | by thousands and ten thousands; in our fields | vn caused\_calibratable\_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP.patient V PP.attribute PP.extent PP.initial\_state PP.result»: agent=Patient by thousand=Extent in field=Attribute |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I can afford the book because I saved $15 and it costs $12.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:afford:x3:1
# text = I can afford the book because I saved $15 and it costs $12.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	afford	afford	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	book	book	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
7	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	saved	save	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	_
9	$	$	SYM	$	_	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	15	15	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	9	nummod	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
12	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
13	costs	cost	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	conj	_	_
14	$	$	SYM	$	_	13	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	12	12	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	14	nummod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **afford** | can | I | the book |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **save** | past | I |  |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent $=Theme |
| 3 | **cost** | present | book |  |  |  |  |  | vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme $=Value |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We can't afford a holiday this year.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:afford:x4:1
# text = We can't afford a holiday this year.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	ca	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	afford	afford	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	holiday	holiday	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	8	det	_	_
8	year	year	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **afford** | can | We | a holiday |  |  | year |  | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Can you afford to buy lunch for both of us?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:afford:x5:1
# text = Can you afford to buy lunch for both of us?
1	Can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
2	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	afford	afford	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	buy	buy	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	lunch	lunch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
7	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	both	both	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	5	obl	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **afford** | can | you |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **buy** | to-infinitive | you *not said here* | lunch |  |  |  | for both | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent lunch=Theme for both=Beneficiary |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I can't afford to be late again.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:afford:x6:1
# text = I can't afford to be late again.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	ca	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	afford	afford	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
6	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	cop	_	_
7	late	late	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	advcl	_	_
8	again	again	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **afford** | can | I |  |  |  | again |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | to-infinitive | I *not said here* |  |  |  |  | late *property* | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Save your pocket money so you can afford the toy.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:afford:x7:1
# text = Save your pocket money so you can afford the toy.
1	Save	save	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
3	pocket	pocket	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	money	money	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	so	so	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
6	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
7	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
8	afford	afford	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	advcl	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	toy	toy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **save** | imperative | you *not said here* | your pocket money |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent money=Theme |
| 2 | **afford** | can | you | the toy |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
These shoes are affordable — they're on sale.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:afford:x8:1
# text = These shoes are affordable — they're on sale.
1	These	this	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	2	det	_	_
2	shoes	shoe	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	affordable	affordable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
6	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	're	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
8	on	on	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	sale	sale	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | this shoes |  |  |  |  | affordable *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | present | shoes *= shoe* |  |  | sale |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Sam has $8; can he afford a ticket that costs $10? No, he needs $2 more.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Sam has $8; can he afford a ticket that costs $10?

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:afford:x9:1
# text = Sam has $8; can he afford a ticket that costs $10?
1	Sam	Sam	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	$	$	SYM	$	_	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	8	8	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	nummod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	8	punct	_	_
6	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
7	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	afford	afford	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	conj	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	ticket	ticket	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
11	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	12	nsubj	_	_
12	costs	cost	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	acl:relcl	_	_
13	$	$	SYM	$	_	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	10	10	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	13	nummod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | Sam |  |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent $=Patient |
| 2 | **afford** | can | Sam | a ticket |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **cost** | present | a ticket |  |  |  |  |  | vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme $=Value |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* No, he needs $2 more.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:afford:x9:2
# text = No, he needs $2 more.
1	No	no	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Neg	4	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
3	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	needs	need	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	$	$	SYM	$	_	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	2	2	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
7	more	more	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	5	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **need** | present | Sam |  |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot $=Theme |

## Example 10 {#x10}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
How can you afford to bring up the boy?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:afford:x10:1
# text = How can you afford to bring up the boy?
1	How	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	4	advmod	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	afford	afford	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	bring	bring	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
7	up	up	ADP	RP	_	6	compound:prt	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	boy	boy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **afford** | can | you |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **bring up** | to-infinitive | you *not said here* | the boy |  |  |  |  | vn remedy-45.7 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent boy=Patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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- ↑ back to [A in Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/A/)