---
title: agony — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «agony» in the Judaism dictionary: Very great pain of the body. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# agony

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** waiting, he, I, agony, life, you · **What happens:** pain, be, say, pray, slay, have · **To what, where:** body, agony, Stand, me, taken hold, arm · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«agony» in the Judaism dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [agony in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/agony.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Very great pain of the body.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:agony:m1:1
# text = Very great pain of the body.
1	Very	very	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	pain	pain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	body	body	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pain** |  |  | the body |  |  |  |  | nom pain «state transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Very great worry or sadness of the mind.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:agony:m2:1
# text = Very great worry or sadness of the mind.
1	Very	very	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	worry	worry	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	sadness	sadness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	mind	mind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: informal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Something very annoying or hard: «The waiting was agony!».

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:agony:m3:1
# text = Something very annoying or hard: «The waiting was agony!».
1	Something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	0	root	_	_
2	very	very	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	annoying	annoying	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	amod	_	_
4	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	hard	hard	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	11	punct	_	_
7	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	waiting	waiting	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
10	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
11	agony	agony	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** *in a quote* | past | the waiting | agony |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And he said unto me: Stand, I pray thee, beside me, and slay me, for the agony hath taken hold of me; because my life is just yet in me. (Prophets 2SA.1.9, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* And he said unto me: Stand, I pray thee, beside me, and slay me, for the agony hath taken hold of me; because my life is just yet in me.

<!-- fold The tree, 30 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:agony:x1:1
# text = And he said unto me: Stand, I pray thee, beside me, and slay me, for the agony hath taken hold of me; because my life is just yet in me.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	7	punct	_	_
7	Stand	Stand	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
10	pray	pray	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	ccomp	_	_
11	thee	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
13	beside	beside	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	slay	slay	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	10	conj	_	_
18	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	17	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
20	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	23	mark	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	agony	agony	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	nsubj	_	_
23	hath	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	17	parataxis	_	_
24	taken	take	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	25	amod	_	_
25	hold	hold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obj	_	_
26	of	of	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
27	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	25	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	34	punct	_	_
29	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	34	mark	_	_
30	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	31	nmod:poss	_	_
31	life	life	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	34	nsubj	_	_
32	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	34	cop	_	_
33	just	just	ADV	RB	_	34	advmod	_	_
34	yet	yet	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
35	in	in	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
36	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	34	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | he |  |  |  |  | unto me | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **pray** | present | I | Stand |  |  |  | beside me | tree rules |
| 3 | **slay** | infinitive | I *not said here* | me |  |  |  |  | vn murder-42.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent i=Patient |
| 4 | **have** | present | the agony | taken hold of me |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hold=Patient |
| 5 | **take** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 6 | **is** | present | my life |  |  |  |  | in me; yet *property* | tree rules |
| 7 | **hold** |  |  | me |  |  |  |  | nom hold «act transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Prophets 2SA.1.9, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:agony:x1:2
# text = (Prophets 2SA.1.9, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	2SA.1.9	2SA.1.9	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod:unmarked	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He was in agony after breaking his arm.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:agony:x2:1
# text = He was in agony after breaking his arm.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	agony	agony	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	after	after	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
6	breaking	break	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	acl	_	_
7	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	arm	arm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | He |  |  | agony |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **break** | gerund | agony *not said here* | his arm |  |  |  |  | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer arm=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Waiting for the results was agony.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:agony:x3:1
# text = Waiting for the results was agony.
1	Waiting	wait	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	csubj	_	_
2	for	for	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	results	result	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obl	_	_
5	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
6	agony	agony	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wait** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | for the results | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **is a** | past | Waiting | agony |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The agony of losing the final stayed with her.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:agony:x4:1
# text = The agony of losing the final stayed with her.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	agony	agony	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	4	mark	_	_
4	losing	lose	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	acl	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	final	final	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	stayed	stay	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	with	with	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lose** | gerund | the agony *not said here* | the final |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent final=Eventuality |
| 2 | **stay** | past | the agony |  |  |  |  | with her *= she* | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme with she=Location |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Call for help if someone is in agony.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:agony:x5:1
# text = Call for help if someone is in agony.
1	Call	call	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	for	for	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	help	help	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
4	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
5	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	8	nsubj	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	agony	agony	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **call** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | for help | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V PP.recipient S\_INF»: agent=Agent for help=Recipient |
| 2 | **is** *a condition, not said to happen* | present | someone |  |  | agony |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My new shoes were agony on the long walk.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:agony:x6:1
# text = My new shoes were agony on the long walk.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
2	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	shoes	shoe	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
4	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	agony	agony	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	walk	walk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | My new shoes | agony |  | the long walk |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The magazine has an agony aunt.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:agony:x7:1
# text = The magazine has an agony aunt.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	magazine	magazine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	agony	agony	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	aunt	aunt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | the magazine | a agony aunt |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent aunt=Patient |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A cry of agony escaped from him; he struggled to get free, and tottered from her.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:agony:x8:1
# text = A cry of agony escaped from him; he struggled to get free, and tottered from her.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	cry	cry	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	agony	agony	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	escaped	escape	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
10	struggled	struggle	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
11	to	to	PART	TO	_	12	mark	_	_
12	get	get	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	xcomp	_	_
13	free	free	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	tottered	totter	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
17	from	from	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **escape** | past | a cry of agony |  |  |  |  | from him *= he* | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from he=Initial\_Location |
| 2 | **struggle** | past | cry |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **get** | to-infinitive | cry *not said here* |  |  |  |  | free *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer |
| 4 | **totter** | past | a cry of agony *not said here* |  |  |  |  | from her *= she* | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme from she=Trajectory |
| 5 | **cry** |  | agony |  |  |  |  |  | nom cry «communication intransitive»: of=agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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