---
title: alter — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «alter» in the Judaism dictionary: To alter something is to change it, usually a little. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# alter

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** something, it, Hebrew Bible, Genesis, I, that · **What happens:** alter, be, become, fit, shorten, mean · **To what, where:** something, clothes, Most, English, וָבֹהוּ, supplement

<!-- .vabout -->
«alter» in the Judaism dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 13 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [alter in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/alter.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To alter something is to change it, usually a little.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:alter:m1:1
# text = To alter something is to change it, usually a little.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	alter	alter	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	csubj	_	_
3	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	obj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	change	change	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
7	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	usually	usually	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **alter** | to-infinitive |  | something |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent something=Patient |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | change *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **be** |  |  |  |  |  |  | usually *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
If something alters, it becomes different.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:alter:m2:1
# text = If something alters, it becomes different.
1	If	if	SCONJ	IN	_	3	mark	_	_
2	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	3	nsubj	_	_
3	alters	alter	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	becomes	become	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	different	different	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **alter** *a condition, not said to happen* | present | something |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **become** | present | it |  |  |  |  | different *property* | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To alter clothes is to make them fit better, for example by shortening them.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:alter:m3:1
# text = To alter clothes is to make them fit better, for example by shortening them.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	alter	alter	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	csubj	_	_
3	clothes	clothes	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan	2	obj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
7	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	obj	_	_
8	fit	fit	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	xcomp	_	_
9	better	well	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	8	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
11	for	for	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	example	example	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
13	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	14	mark	_	_
14	shortening	shorten	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	8	advcl	_	_
15	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **alter** | to-infinitive |  | clothes |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent clothes=Patient |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | make *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **fit** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | for example; well *property* | vn adjust-26.9 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **shorten** | gerund |  | clothes |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent they=Patient |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Most literally, it means ‘waste(land)’, the lifeless open desert, a translation of \[Genesis 1:2\] so far captured in English only by Robert Alter’s The Hebrew Bible (2019), who poetically renders תֹהוּ וָבֹהוּ tohu vavohu as “waste and welter”; cf. (Sefer Yetzirah, Sefaria community translation)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Most literally, it means ‘waste(land)’, the lifeless open desert, a translation of \[Genesis 1:2\] so far captured in English only by Robert Alter’s The Hebrew Bible (2019), who poetically renders תֹהוּ וָבֹהוּ tohu vavohu as “waste and welter”; cf.

<!-- fold The tree, 41 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:alter:x1:1
# text = Most literally, it means ‘waste(land)’, the lifeless open desert, a translation of [Genesis 1:2] so far captured in English only by Robert Alter’s The Hebrew Bible (2019), who poetically renders תֹהוּ וָבֹהוּ tohu vavohu as “waste and welter”; cf.
1	Most	most	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	5	obl	_	_
2	literally	literally	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
4	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
5	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	‘	'	PUNCT	``	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	waste	waste	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	’	'	PUNCT	''	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
14	lifeless	lifeless	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
15	open	open	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	desert	desert	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
18	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	translation	translation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	conj	_	_
20	of	of	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	[	[	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	22	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	Genesis	Genesis	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	nmod	_	_
23	1:2	1:2	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	22	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	]	]	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	16	punct	_	_
25	so	so	ADV	RB	_	27	advmod	_	_
26	far	far	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	27	advmod	_	_
27	captured	capture	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	parataxis	_	_
28	in	in	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
29	English	English	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	27	obl	_	_
30	only	only	ADV	RB	_	32	advmod	_	_
31	by	by	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
32	Robert	Robert	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	27	obl:agent	_	_
33	Alter	Alter	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	32	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	’s	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	32	acl:relcl	_	_
35	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	37	det	_	_
36	Hebrew	Hebrew	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	37	compound	_	_
37	Bible	Bible	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	34	obj	_	_
38	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	39	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
39	2019	2019	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	37	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
40	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	39	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
41	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	45	punct	_	_
42	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	45	nsubj	_	_
43	poetically	poetically	ADV	RB	_	45	advmod	_	_
44	renders	render	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	45	nsubj	_	_
45	תֹהוּ	תֹהוּ	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	37	conj	_	_
46	וָבֹהוּ	וָבֹהוּ	X	FW	Foreign=Yes	45	obj	_	_
47	tohu	tohu	X	FW	Foreign=Yes	46	flat:foreign	_	_
48	vavohu	vavohu	X	FW	Foreign=Yes	46	flat:foreign	_	_
49	as	as	ADP	IN	_	51	case	_	_
50	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	51	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
51	waste	waste	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	45	obl	_	_
52	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	53	cc	_	_
53	welter	welter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	51	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
54	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	45	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
55	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	56	punct	_	_
56	cf	cf	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
57	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | it | Most |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent waste=Topic |
| 2 | **capture** | participle |  |  |  | English |  | far *property* | vn steal-10.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **תֹהוּ** | present | the Hebrew Bible | וָבֹהוּ |  |  |  | as waste and welter; poetically *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **translate** |  | Genesis |  |  |  |  |  | nom translation «communication intransitive»: of=agent |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Sefer Yetzirah, Sefaria community translation)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:alter:x1:2
# text = (Sefer Yetzirah, Sefaria community translation)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Sefer	Sefer	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	Yetzirah	Yetzirah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
5	Sefaria	Sefaria	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
6	community	community	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	translation	translation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
'Alter having written this supplement I lound that Mr. S. (Mordell, The Origin of Letters and Numerals according to Sefer Yetzirah (1914))

<!-- fold The tree, 22 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:alter:x2:1
# text = 'Alter having written this supplement I lound that Mr. S. (Mordell, The Origin of Letters and Numerals according to Sefer Yetzirah (1914))
1	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Alter	alter	SCONJ	IN	_	4	mark	_	_
3	having	have	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	aux	_	_
4	written	write	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	6	det	_	_
6	supplement	supplement	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	lound	lound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	appos	_	_
9	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	11	nsubj	_	_
10	Mr.	Mr.	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	nmod:desc	_	_
11	S.	S.	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	appos	_	_
12	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	Mordell	Mordell	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
15	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	Origin	Origin	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	_
17	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	Letters	letter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	nmod	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
20	Numerals	numeral	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	conj	_	_
21	according	accord	VERB	VBG	ExtPos=ADP|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	23	case	_	_
22	to	to	ADP	IN	_	21	fixed	_	_
23	Sefer	Sefer	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	nmod	_	_
24	Yetzirah	Yetzirah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	23	flat	_	_
25	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	26	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	1914	1914	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	23	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	))	))	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	26	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **write** | gerund · perfect |  | this supplement |  |  |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent supplement=Theme |
| 2 | **lound** |  | I |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **accord** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My covenant will I not profane, nor alter that which is gone out of My lips. (Writings PSA.89.35, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* My covenant will I not profane, nor alter that which is gone out of My lips.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:alter:x3:1
# text = My covenant will I not profane, nor alter that which is gone out of My lips.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	covenant	covenant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
4	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
5	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	6	advmod	_	_
6	profane	profane	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
8	nor	nor	CCONJ	CC	Polarity=Neg	13	cc	_	_
9	alter	alter	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
10	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	13	nsubj	_	_
11	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	13	nsubj	_	_
12	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	cop	_	_
13	gone	go	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	conj	_	_
14	out	out	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	17	nmod:poss	_	_
17	lips	lip	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | that |  |  | My lips |  | go *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **covenant** |  | My |  |  |  |  |  | nom covenant «communication intransitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings PSA.89.35, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:alter:x3:2
# text = (Writings PSA.89.35, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	PSA.89.35	PSA.89.35	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
and may the God that hath caused His name to dwell there overthrow all kings and peoples, that shall put forth their hand to alter the same, to destroy this house of God which is at Jerusalem. (Writings EZR.6.12, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* and may the God that hath caused His name to dwell there overthrow all kings and peoples, that shall put forth their hand to alter the same, to destroy this house of God which is at Jerusalem.

<!-- fold The tree, 37 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:alter:x4:1
# text = and may the God that hath caused His name to dwell there overthrow all kings and peoples, that shall put forth their hand to alter the same, to destroy this house of God which is at Jerusalem.
1	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
2	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	God	God	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
5	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	6	nsubj	_	_
6	hath	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	advcl	_	_
7	caused	cause	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	ccomp	_	_
8	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
10	to	to	PART	TO	_	11	mark	_	_
11	dwell	dwell	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	xcomp	_	_
12	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	11	advmod	_	_
13	overthrow	overthrow	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
14	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	15	det	_	_
15	kings	king	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obj	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	peoples	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
19	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	21	nsubj	_	_
20	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	21	aux	_	_
21	put	put	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	15	parataxis	_	_
22	forth	forth	ADV	RB	_	21	advmod	_	_
23	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	24	nmod:poss	_	_
24	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obj	_	_
25	to	to	PART	TO	_	26	mark	_	_
26	alter	alter	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	21	advcl	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	same	same	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	26	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	31	punct	_	_
30	to	to	PART	TO	_	31	mark	_	_
31	destroy	destroy	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	26	conj	_	_
32	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	33	det	_	_
33	house	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	obj	_	_
34	of	of	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
35	God	God	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	33	nmod	_	_
36	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	39	nsubj	_	_
37	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	39	cop	_	_
38	at	at	ADP	IN	_	39	case	_	_
39	Jerusalem	Jerusalem	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	35	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
40	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	13	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | the God |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **cause** | past | the God *not said here* | God's name |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **dwell** | to-infinitive | God's name *not said here* |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **overthrow** | present |  | all kings and peoples |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **put** | shall | that | peoples's hand |  |  |  | forth *property* | vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent hand=Goal |
| 6 | **alter** | to-infinitive | that *not said here* | the same |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent same=Patient |
| 7 | **destroy** | to-infinitive | that *not said here* | this house of God |  |  |  |  | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent house=Patient |
| 8 | **is** | present | God |  |  | Jerusalem |  |  | tree rules |
| 9 | **name** |  | God |  |  |  |  |  | nom name «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings EZR.6.12, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:alter:x4:2
# text = (Writings EZR.6.12, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	EZR.6.12	EZR.6.12	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Also I have made a decree, that whosoever shall alter this word, let a beam be pulled out from his house, and let him be lifted up and fastened thereon; and let his house be made a dunghill for this; (Writings EZR.6.11, JPS 1917)

<!-- fold The tree, 44 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:alter:x5:1
# text = Also I have made a decree, that whosoever shall alter this word, let a beam be pulled out from his house, and let him be lifted up and fastened thereon; and let his house be made a dunghill for this; (Writings EZR.6.11, JPS 1917)
1	Also	also	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
2	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
3	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	decree	decree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
8	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	11	nsubj	_	_
9	whosoever	whosoever	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	11	nsubj	_	_
10	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	_
11	alter	alter	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	parataxis	_	_
12	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	13	det	_	_
13	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
15	let	let	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	conj	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	beam	beam	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nsubj:pass	_	_
18	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	19	aux:pass	_	_
19	pulled	pull	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	15	xcomp	_	_
20	out	out	ADP	RP	_	19	compound:prt	_	_
21	from	from	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	23	nmod:poss	_	_
23	house	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
25	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
26	let	let	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	15	conj	_	_
27	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	26	obj	_	_
28	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	29	aux:pass	_	_
29	lifted	lift	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	26	xcomp	_	_
30	up	up	ADP	RP	_	29	compound:prt	_	_
31	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	32	cc	_	_
32	fastened	fasten	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	29	conj	_	_
33	thereon	thereon	ADV	RB	_	32	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	36	punct	_	_
35	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	36	cc	_	_
36	let	let	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
37	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	38	nmod:poss	_	_
38	house	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	36	obj	_	_
39	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	40	aux:pass	_	_
40	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	36	xcomp	_	_
41	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	42	det	_	_
42	dunghill	dunghill	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	40	obj	_	_
43	for	for	ADP	IN	_	44	case	_	_
44	this	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	42	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
45	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	47	punct	_	_
46	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	47	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
47	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
48	EZR.6.11	EZR.6.11	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	47	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
49	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	50	punct	_	_
50	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	48	flat	_	_
51	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	48	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
52	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	47	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present · perfect | I | a decree |  |  |  | Writings *obl* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent decree=Product |
| 2 | **alter** | shall | that | this word |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent word=Patient |
| 3 | **let** | infinitive | that *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **pull out** | infinitive · passive |  | a beam |  | his house |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **let** | infinitive | that *not said here* | him *= he* |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 6 | **lift up** | infinitive · passive | him *= he* *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP» |
| 7 | **fasten** | past | him *= he* *not said here* |  |  |  |  | thereon *property* | vn shake-22.3-2-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient |
| 8 | **let** | infinitive |  | his house |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 9 | **make** | infinitive · passive | his house *not said here* | a dunghill |  |  |  | for this | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP P.asset»: dunghill=Product for this=Asset |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We had to alter our plans because of the rain.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:alter:x6:1
# text = We had to alter our plans because of the rain.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	4	mark	_	_
4	alter	alter	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
5	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	plans	plan	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
7	because	because	ADP	IN	ExtPos=ADP	10	case	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	fixed	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	rain	rain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | We |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **alter** | to-infinitive | We *not said here* | our plans |  |  |  | because the rain | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent plan=Patient |
| 3 | **plan** |  | our |  |  |  |  |  | nom plan «cognition transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Grandma altered my school trousers so they fit.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:alter:x7:1
# text = Grandma altered my school trousers so they fit.
1	Grandma	grandma	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	altered	alter	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
4	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	trousers	trousers	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
6	so	so	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
7	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	fit	fit	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **alter** | past | Grandma | my school trousers |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent trousers=Patient |
| 2 | **fit** | present | trousers |  |  |  |  |  | vn adjust-26.9 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Heating can alter the shape of chocolate.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:alter:x8:1
# text = Heating can alter the shape of chocolate.
1	Heating	heating	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	alter	alter	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	shape	shape	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	chocolate	chocolate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **alter** | can | Heating | the shape of chocolate |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent shape=Patient |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The road was altered to make room for a cycle lane.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:alter:x9:1
# text = The road was altered to make room for a cycle lane.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	road	road	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	altered	alter	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	advcl	_	_
7	room	room	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
8	for	for	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	cycle	cycle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	lane	lane	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **alter** | past · passive |  | the road |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient |
| 2 | **make** | to-infinitive |  | room |  |  |  | for a cycle lane | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP P.asset»: agent=Agent room=Product for lane=Asset |

## Example 10 {#x10}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
If you alter one number in the sum, the total changes.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:alter:x10:1
# text = If you alter one number in the sum, the total changes.
1	If	if	SCONJ	IN	_	3	mark	_	_
2	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	alter	alter	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	number	number	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	sum	sum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	total	total	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	changes	change	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **alter** | present | you | one number |  | the sum and the total changes |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent number=Patient |

## Example 11 {#x11}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Nothing can alter the fact that we lost.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:alter:x11:1
# text = Nothing can alter the fact that we lost.
1	Nothing	nothing	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	3	nsubj	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	alter	alter	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	fact	fact	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
7	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	lost	lose	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **alter** | can | Nothing | the fact |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent fact=Patient |
| 2 | **lose** | past | we | the fact *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fact=Eventuality |

## Example 12 {#x12}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The caterpillar's body altered completely inside the cocoon.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:alter:x12:1
# text = The caterpillar's body altered completely inside the cocoon.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	caterpillar	caterpillar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	body	body	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	altered	alter	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	completely	completely	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
7	inside	inside	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	cocoon	cocoon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **alter** | past | the caterpillar's body |  |  | the cocoon |  | completely *property* | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

## Example 13 {#x13}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Thus may circumstances alter the course of a man's life!

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:alter:x13:1
# text = Thus may circumstances alter the course of a man's life!
1	Thus	thus	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
2	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	circumstances	circumstance	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	alter	alter	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	course	course	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	's	's	PART	POS	_	9	case	_	_
11	life	life	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **alter** | may | circumstances | the course of a man's life |  |  |  | thus *property* | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent course=Patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [altar](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/A/altar/)
- next →: [altered](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/A/altered/)
- ↑ back to [A in Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/A/)