---
title: anguish — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «anguish» in the Judaism dictionary: Anguish is very great pain or sorrow of the mind or heart. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# anguish

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Anguish, you, mine, commandments, Thy, peoples · **What happens:** be, remember, anguish, overtake, command, gather · **To what, where:** great pain, mine, wormwood, me, delight, anguish · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«anguish» in the Judaism dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [anguish in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/anguish.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Anguish is very great pain or sorrow of the mind or heart.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:anguish:m1:1
# text = Anguish is very great pain or sorrow of the mind or heart.
1	Anguish	anguish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	very	very	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	pain	pain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	sorrow	sorrow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	mind	mind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
11	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	heart	heart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Anguish | great pain or sorrow |  |  |  | of the mind or heart | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Remember mine affliction and mine anguish, the wormwood and the gall. (Writings LAM.3.19, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Remember mine affliction and mine anguish, the wormwood and the gall.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:anguish:x1:1
# text = Remember mine affliction and mine anguish, the wormwood and the gall.
1	Remember	remember	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	mine	my	PRON	PRP	Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	1	obj	_	_
3	affliction	affliction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
5	mine	my	PRON	PRP	Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	anguish	anguish	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	wormwood	wormwood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	gall	gall	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **remember** | imperative | you *not said here* | mine |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **anguish** | present | mine | the wormwood and the gall |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings LAM.3.19, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:anguish:x1:2
# text = (Writings LAM.3.19, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	LAM.3.19	LAM.3.19	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Trouble and anguish have overtaken me; yet Thy commandments are my delight. (Writings PSA.119.143, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Trouble and anguish have overtaken me; yet Thy commandments are my delight.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:anguish:x2:1
# text = Trouble and anguish have overtaken me; yet Thy commandments are my delight.
1	Trouble	trouble	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
2	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
3	anguish	anguish	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	conj	_	_
4	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	overtaken	overtake	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	3	ccomp	_	_
6	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
8	yet	yet	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
9	Thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	commandments	commandment	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	nsubj	_	_
11	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	cop	_	_
12	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	_
13	delight	delight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **anguish** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **overtake** | present · perfect |  | me |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **is a** | present | Thy commandments | my delight |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **command** |  | Thy |  |  |  |  |  | nom commandment «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings PSA.119.143, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:anguish:x2:2
# text = (Writings PSA.119.143, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	PSA.119.143	PSA.119.143	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
At their presence the peoples are in anguish; all faces have gathered blackness. (Prophets JOL.2.6, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* At their presence the peoples are in anguish; all faces have gathered blackness.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:anguish:x3:1
# text = At their presence the peoples are in anguish; all faces have gathered blackness.
1	At	at	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	presence	presence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	peoples	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	_
6	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	anguish	anguish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	13	punct	_	_
10	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	11	det	_	_
11	faces	face	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	nsubj:pass	_	_
12	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	aux	_	_
13	gathered	gather	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	parataxis	_	_
14	blackness	blackness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the peoples |  |  | anguish |  | at their presence | tree rules |
| 2 | **gather** | present · perfect · passive |  | all faces |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP.beneficiary NP»: subject=Beneficiary blackness=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Prophets JOL.2.6, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:anguish:x3:2
# text = (Prophets JOL.2.6, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	JOL.2.6	JOL.2.6	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She wept in anguish.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:anguish:x4:1
# text = She wept in anguish.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	wept	weep	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	anguish	anguish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **weep** | past | She |  |  |  |  | in anguish | vn nonverbal\_expression-40.2 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent in anguish=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
His anguish grew as the storm came.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:anguish:x5:1
# text = His anguish grew as the storm came.
1	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	anguish	anguish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	grew	grow	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	storm	storm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grow** | past | His anguish |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **come** | past | the storm |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **anguish** |  | His *= he* |  |  |  |  |  | nom anguish «feeling intransitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Fionn cried out in anguish for his son.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:anguish:x6:1
# text = Fionn cried out in anguish for his son.
1	Fionn	Fionn	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	cried	cry	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	out	out	ADP	RP	_	2	compound:prt	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	anguish	anguish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cry out** *speech: express* | past | Fionn |  |  | anguish |  | for Fionn's son | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in anguish=Location |

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**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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