---
title: apprentice — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «apprentice» in the Judaism dictionary: A young person who learns a trade or skill by working with a skilled worker, usually for a set time and a small wage. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# apprentice

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** young person, beginner, Haran, brother, apprentice, Apprentices · **What happens:** learn, work, apprentice, mean, send, be · **To what, where:** trade, expert, master, traffic, apprentice plumber, flood · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«apprentice» in the Judaism dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [apprentice in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/apprentice.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A young person who learns a trade or skill by working with a skilled worker, usually for a set time and a small wage.

<!-- fold The tree, 24 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:apprentice:m1:1
# text = A young person who learns a trade or skill by working with a skilled worker, usually for a set time and a small wage.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	young	young	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	5	nsubj	_	_
5	learns	learn	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	acl:relcl	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	trade	trade	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	skill	skill	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	_
10	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	11	mark	_	_
11	working	work	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	5	advcl	_	_
12	with	with	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	skilled	skilled	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	worker	worker	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
17	usually	usually	ADV	RB	_	21	advmod	_	_
18	for	for	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
19	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
20	set	set	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	compound	_	_
21	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
22	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
23	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
24	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	25	amod	_	_
25	wage	wage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **learn** | present | a young person | a trade or skill |  |  |  |  | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent trade=Topic |
| 2 | **work** | gerund | a young person *not said here* |  |  |  | time | with a skilled worker | vn cooperate-73.1-3 «NP V PP.co-agent PP.theme»: agent=Agent with worker=Co-Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A beginner learning from an expert in any field.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:apprentice:m2:1
# text = A beginner learning from an expert in any field.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	beginner	beginner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	learning	learn	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	acl	_	_
4	from	from	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	expert	expert	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	9	det	_	_
9	field	field	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **learn** | gerund | a beginner *not said here* |  |  | a expert in any field |  |  | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V PP.source»: agent=Agent from expert=Source |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: verb, passive — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«be apprenticed to» means to be sent to work and learn under a master.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:apprentice:m3:1
# text = «be apprenticed to» means to be sent to work and learn under a master.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	apprenticed	apprentice	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	nsubj	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	3	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
6	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
8	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	aux:pass	_	_
9	sent	send	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	ccomp	_	_
10	to	to	PART	TO	_	11	mark	_	_
11	work	work	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	xcomp	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	learn	learn	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	conj	_	_
14	under	under	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	master	master	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **apprentice** *in a quote* | infinitive · passive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn orphan-29.7 «NP V NP» |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **send** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive · passive |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **work** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **learn** | infinitive |  |  |  | a master |  |  | vn learn-14-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Haran and Canneh and Eden, the traffickers of Sheba, Asshur was as thine apprentice in traffic. (Prophets EZK.27.23, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Haran and Canneh and Eden, the traffickers of Sheba, Asshur was as thine apprentice in traffic.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:apprentice:x1:1
# text = Haran and Canneh and Eden, the traffickers of Sheba, Asshur was as thine apprentice in traffic.
1	Haran	Haran	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	nsubj	_	_
2	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
3	Canneh	Canneh	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	conj	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	Eden	Eden	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	traffickers	trafficker	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	conj	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	Sheba	Sheba	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
12	Asshur	Asshur	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	_
13	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	16	cop	_	_
14	as	as	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	thine	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	16	nmod:poss	_	_
16	apprentice	apprentice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
17	in	in	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	traffic	traffic	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	16	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | Haran and Canneh and Eden and the traffickers of Sheba and Asshur |  |  | traffic |  | as thine apprentice | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Prophets EZK.27.23, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:apprentice:x1:2
# text = (Prophets EZK.27.23, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	EZK.27.23	EZK.27.23	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My brother is an apprentice plumber.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:apprentice:x2:1
# text = My brother is an apprentice plumber.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	brother	brother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	apprentice	apprentice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	plumber	plumber	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | My brother | a apprentice plumber |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In the story the wizard's apprentice caused a flood.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:apprentice:x3:1
# text = In the story the wizard's apprentice caused a flood.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	story	story	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	wizard	wizard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	's	's	PART	POS	_	5	case	_	_
7	apprentice	apprentice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
8	caused	cause	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	flood	flood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cause** | past | the wizard's apprentice | a flood |  | the story |  |  | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition flood=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She was apprenticed to a dressmaker.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:apprentice:x4:1
# text = She was apprenticed to a dressmaker.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	apprenticed	apprentice	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	dressmaker	dressmaker	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **apprentice** | past · passive |  | She |  |  |  | to a dressmaker | vn orphan-29.7 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Apprentices learn by watching and doing.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:apprentice:x5:1
# text = Apprentices learn by watching and doing.
1	Apprentices	apprentice	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	learn	learn	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	4	mark	_	_
4	watching	watch	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	advcl	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	doing	do	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **learn** | present | Apprentices |  |  |  |  |  | vn learn-14-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **watch** | gerund | Apprentices *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn search-35.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **do** | gerund | Apprentices *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The apprentice swept the workshop floor every morning.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:apprentice:x6:1
# text = The apprentice swept the workshop floor every morning.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	apprentice	apprentice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	swept	sweep	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	workshop	workshop	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	floor	floor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	8	det	_	_
8	morning	morning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sweep** | past | the apprentice | the workshop floor |  |  | morning |  | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme floor=Trajectory |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
After four years the apprentice became a master carpenter.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:apprentice:x7:1
# text = After four years the apprentice became a master carpenter.
1	After	after	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	four	four	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	3	nummod	_	_
3	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	apprentice	apprentice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	became	become	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	master	master	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	carpenter	carpenter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **become** | past | the apprentice | a master carpenter |  |  | year |  | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"What should you say, uncle, to taking me as an apprentice?

<!-- fold The tree, 11 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:apprentice:x8:1
# text = "What should you say, uncle, to taking me as an apprentice?
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	5	obj	_	_
3	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
5	say	say	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	uncle	uncle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	to	to	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
10	taking	take	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	5	advcl	_	_
11	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	10	obj	_	_
12	as	as	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	apprentice	apprentice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* *in a quote* | should | you | uncle |  |  |  |  | vn pronounce-29.3.1 «NP V NP NP»: agent=Agent what=Theme uncle=Manner |
| 2 | **take** *in a quote* | gerund | you *not said here* | me |  |  |  | as a apprentice | vn characterize-29.2 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent i=Theme as apprentice=Attribute |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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