---
title: approval — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «approval» in the Judaism dictionary: Thinking that someone or something is good or right; liking it. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# approval

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** someone, trip, parents, She, my, plan · **What happens:** think, be, like, do, need, approve · **To what, where:** it, something, approval, drawing, good sense, words · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«approval» in the Judaism dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [approval in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/approval.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Thinking that someone or something is good or right; liking it.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:approval:m1:1
# text = Thinking that someone or something is good or right; liking it.
1	Thinking	think	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
2	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
3	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	7	nsubj	_	_
4	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	3	conj	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
7	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	ccomp	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	right	right	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
11	liking	like	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	1	conj	_	_
12	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **think** *speech: other* | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** | present | someone |  |  |  |  | good *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **be** |  | someone *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **like** | gerund |  | it |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot it=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Official permission or agreement to do something.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:approval:m2:1
# text = Official permission or agreement to do something.
1	Official	official	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	permission	permission	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	agreement	agreement	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	acl	_	_
7	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** | to-infinitive |  | something |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Eventuality |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The trip needs your parents' approval.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:approval:x1:1
# text = The trip needs your parents' approval.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	trip	trip	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	needs	need	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	parents	parent	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	'	's	PART	POS	_	5	case	_	_
7	approval	approval	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **need** | present | the trip | your parents's approval |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot approval=Theme |
| 2 | **approve** |  | your parents |  |  |  |  |  | nom approval «act transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She smiled with approval at my drawing.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:approval:x2:1
# text = She smiled with approval at my drawing.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	smiled	smile	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	with	with	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	approval	approval	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
5	at	at	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	drawing	drawing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **smile** | past | She |  |  | my drawing |  | with approval | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **draw** |  | my |  |  |  |  |  | nom drawing «communication intransitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The plan got the head teacher's approval.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:approval:x3:1
# text = The plan got the head teacher's approval.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	plan	plan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	got	get	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	teacher	teacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	's	's	PART	POS	_	6	case	_	_
8	approval	approval	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **get** | past | the plan | the head teacher's approval |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer approval=Stimulus |
| 2 | **approve** |  | the head teacher |  |  |  |  |  | nom approval «act transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He nodded his approval.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:approval:x4:1
# text = He nodded his approval.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	nodded	nod	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	approval	approval	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **nod** | past | He | his approval |  |  |  |  | vn wink-40.3.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent approval=Patient |
| 2 | **approve** |  | his *= he* |  |  |  |  |  | nom approval «act transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The new park is waiting for approval from the council.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:approval:x5:1
# text = The new park is waiting for approval from the council.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	park	park	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	waiting	wait	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	approval	approval	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
8	from	from	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	council	council	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wait** | present · progressive | the new park |  |  |  |  | for approval from the council | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The leader's approval rating rose to 60%.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:approval:x6:1
# text = The leader's approval rating rose to 60%.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	leader	leader	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	approval	approval	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	rating	rating	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	rose	rise	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	to	to	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	60	60	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	9	nummod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	%	%	SYM	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **rise** | past | the leader's approval rating |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to %=Initial\_Location |
| 2 | **rate** |  | the leader |  |  |  |  |  | nom rating «cognition transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
All saw the good sense of his words and showed their approval.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:approval:x7:1
# text = All saw the good sense of his words and showed their approval.
1	All	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	2	advmod	_	_
2	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	sense	sense	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	words	word	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	showed	show	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
11	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
12	approval	approval	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **see** | past |  | the good sense of his words |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer sense=Stimulus |
| 2 | **show** | past |  | words's approval |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent approval=Recipient |
| 3 | **sense** |  |  | his words |  |  |  |  | nom sense «cognition transitive»: of=patient |
| 4 | **word** |  | his *= he* |  |  |  |  |  | nom word «communication transitive»: poss=agent |
| 5 | **approve** |  | words *= word* |  |  |  |  |  | nom approval «act transitive»: poss=agent |

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**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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