---
title: aramean — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «aramean» in the Judaism dictionary: A person from Aram, an ancient land in what is now Syria. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# aramean

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Jacob, Isaac · **What happens:** be, outwit, not tell, flee, send away, go · **To what, where:** Syria, Laban, Jacob, Paddan aram, Rebekah, wife · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«aramean» in the Judaism dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 3 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [aramean in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/aramean.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A person from Aram, an ancient land in what is now Syria.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:aramean:m1:1
# text = A person from Aram, an ancient land in what is now Syria.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	from	from	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	Aram	Aram	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
6	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	ancient	ancient	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	8	nmod	_	_
11	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	cop	_	_
12	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	13	advmod	_	_
13	Syria	Syria	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present |  | Syria |  |  | now |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And Jacob outwitted Laban the Aramean, in that he told him not that he fled. (Torah GEN.31.20, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* And Jacob outwitted Laban the Aramean, in that he told him not that he fled.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:aramean:x1:1
# text = And Jacob outwitted Laban the Aramean, in that he told him not that he fled.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	Jacob	Jacob	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	outwitted	outwit	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	Laban	Laban	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	Aramean	Aramean	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
8	in	in	SCONJ	IN	_	11	mark	_	_
9	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	11	mark	_	_
10	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
11	told	tell	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
12	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	iobj	_	_
13	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	11	advmod	_	_
14	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	16	mark	_	_
15	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj	_	_
16	fled	flee	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **outwit** | past | Jacob | Laban |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **not** **tell** *speech: assert* | past | Jacob |  | Laban |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent he=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 3 | **flee** | past | Jacob |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah GEN.31.20, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:aramean:x1:2
# text = (Torah GEN.31.20, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	GEN.31.20	GEN.31.20	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And Isaac sent away Jacob; and he went to Paddan-aram unto Laban, son of Bethuel the Aramean, the brother of Rebekah, Jacob's and Esau's mother. (Torah GEN.28.5, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* And Isaac sent away Jacob; and he went to Paddan-aram unto Laban, son of Bethuel the Aramean, the brother of Rebekah, Jacob's and Esau's mother.

<!-- fold The tree, 28 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:aramean:x2:1
# text = And Isaac sent away Jacob; and he went to Paddan-aram unto Laban, son of Bethuel the Aramean, the brother of Rebekah, Jacob's and Esau's mother.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	Isaac	Isaac	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	sent	send	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	away	away	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	Jacob	Jacob	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
8	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
10	to	to	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	Paddan	Paddan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	aram	aram	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
14	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	Laban	Laban	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
17	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	appos	_	_
18	of	of	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	Bethuel	Bethuel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	nmod	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	Aramean	Aramean	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	brother	brother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	appos	_	_
25	of	of	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
26	Rebekah	Rebekah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	24	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
28	Jacob	Jacob	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	26	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	's	's	PART	POS	_	28	case	_	_
30	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	33	cc	_	_
31	Esau	Esau	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	33	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	's	's	PART	POS	_	31	case	_	_
33	mother	mother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **send away** | past | Isaac | Jacob |  |  |  | away *property* | vn fire-10.10 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent jacob=Theme |
| 2 | **go** | past | Isaac |  |  | Paddan aram |  | unto Laban | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to aram=Initial\_Location |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah GEN.28.5, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:aramean:x2:2
# text = (Torah GEN.28.5, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	GEN.28.5	GEN.28.5	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And Isaac was forty years old when he took Rebekah, the daughter of Bethuel the Aramean, of Paddan-aram, the sister of Laban the Aramean, to be his wife. (Torah GEN.25.20, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* And Isaac was forty years old when he took Rebekah, the daughter of Bethuel the Aramean, of Paddan-aram, the sister of Laban the Aramean, to be his wife.

<!-- fold The tree, 29 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:aramean:x3:1
# text = And Isaac was forty years old when he took Rebekah, the daughter of Bethuel the Aramean, of Paddan-aram, the sister of Laban the Aramean, to be his wife.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
2	Isaac	Isaac	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	forty	forty	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl:unmarked	_	_
6	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
7	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	9	advmod	_	_
8	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	acl:relcl	_	_
10	Rebekah	Rebekah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	daughter	daughter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	appos	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	Bethuel	Bethuel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	Aramean	Aramean	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
19	of	of	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
20	Paddan	Paddan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	22	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	20	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	aram	aram	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	sister	sister	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	appos	_	_
26	of	of	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
27	Laban	Laban	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	25	nmod	_	_
28	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
29	Aramean	Aramean	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	27	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	34	punct	_	_
31	to	to	PART	TO	_	34	mark	_	_
32	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	34	cop	_	_
33	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	34	nmod:poss	_	_
34	wife	wife	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | Isaac |  |  |  | year | old *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **take** | past | Isaac | Rebekah |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Instrument rebekah=Theme aram=Destination |
| 3 | **is a** | to-infinitive |  | Isaac's wife |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah GEN.25.20, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:aramean:x3:2
# text = (Torah GEN.25.20, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	GEN.25.20	GEN.25.20	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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