---
title: arc — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «arc» in the Judaism dictionary: An arc is part of the curved line of a circle, or any curved line shaped like this. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# arc

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** arc, story arc, story, character, electric arc, bright spark · **What happens:** be, curve, shape, arc, follow, change · **To what, where:** part, curved line, curve, ball, air, shape

<!-- .vabout -->
«arc» in the Judaism dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [arc in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/arc.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An arc is part of the curved line of a circle, or any curved line shaped like this.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:arc:m1:1
# text = An arc is part of the curved line of a circle, or any curved line shaped like this.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	arc	arc	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	part	part	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	curved	curve	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	amod	_	_
8	line	line	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	circle	circle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
13	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
14	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	16	det	_	_
15	curved	curve	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	16	amod	_	_
16	line	line	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
17	shaped	shape	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	16	acl	_	_
18	like	like	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	this	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	17	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a arc | part or any curved line |  |  |  | of the curved line of a circle | tree rules |
| 2 | **curve** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn knead-26.5 «NP.material V PP.product»: agent=Material |
| 3 | **curve** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn knead-26.5 «NP.material V PP.product»: agent=Material |
| 4 | **shape** | participle |  | any curved line *not said here* |  |  |  | like this | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To arc is to move in a curve: the ball arced through the air.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:arc:m2:1
# text = To arc is to move in a curve: the ball arced through the air.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	arc	arc	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	advcl	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	move	move	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	curve	curve	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	11	punct	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	ball	ball	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	appos	_	_
12	arced	arc	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	11	acl	_	_
13	through	through	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present |  |  |  | a curve |  | move *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **arc** | participle |  | the ball *not said here* |  | the air |  |  | tree rules |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A story arc is the shape a story or a character's change follows from beginning to end.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:arc:m3:1
# text = A story arc is the shape a story or a character's change follows from beginning to end.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	story	story	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	arc	arc	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	shape	shape	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	story	story	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	character	character	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	's	's	PART	POS	_	11	case	_	_
13	change	change	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	_
14	follows	follow	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	acl:relcl	_	_
15	from	from	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	beginning	beginning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
17	to	to	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	end	end	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a story arc | the shape |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **follow** | present | a story or a character's change | the shape *not said here* |  |  | from beginning; to end |  | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent shape=Theme from beginning=Trajectory |
| 3 | **change** |  | a character |  |  |  |  |  | nom change «event intransitive»: poss=agent |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: science — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An electric arc is a bright spark that jumps across a gap.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:arc:m4:1
# text = An electric arc is a bright spark that jumps across a gap.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	electric	electric	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	arc	arc	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	bright	bright	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	spark	spark	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	9	nsubj	_	_
9	jumps	jump	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	acl:relcl	_	_
10	across	across	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	gap	gap	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a electric arc | a bright spark |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **jump** | present | a bright spark |  |  | a gap |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme across gap=Trajectory |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Use a compass to draw an arc.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:arc:x1:1
# text = Use a compass to draw an arc.
1	Use	use	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	compass	compass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	draw	draw	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	1	advcl	_	_
6	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	arc	arc	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | imperative | you *not said here* | a compass |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent compass=Patient |
| 2 | **draw** | to-infinitive | you *not said here* | a arc |  |  |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent arc=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An arc is part of the edge of a circle.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:arc:x2:1
# text = An arc is part of the edge of a circle.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	arc	arc	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	part	part	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	edge	edge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	circle	circle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a arc | part |  |  |  | of the edge of a circle | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The ball arced high over the goalkeeper's head.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:arc:x3:1
# text = The ball arced high over the goalkeeper's head.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	ball	ball	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	arced	arc	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	high	high	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	3	advmod	_	_
5	over	over	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	goalkeeper	goalkeeper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	's	's	PART	POS	_	7	case	_	_
9	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **arc** | participle |  | the ball *not said here* |  | the goalkeeper's head |  | high *property* | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A rainbow is an arc of colours.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:arc:x4:1
# text = A rainbow is an arc of colours.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	rainbow	rainbow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	arc	arc	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	colours	colour	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a rainbow | a arc |  |  |  | of colours | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The hero's character arc goes from scared to brave.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:arc:x5:1
# text = The hero's character arc goes from scared to brave.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	hero	hero	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	character	character	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	arc	arc	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	goes	go	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	from	from	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	scared	scared	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	xcomp	_	_
9	to	to	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	brave	brave	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go** | present | the hero's character arc |  |  |  |  | scared *property* | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The welder's arc was so bright we could not look at it.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:arc:x6:1
# text = The welder's arc was so bright we could not look at it.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	welder	welder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	arc	arc	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
5	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
6	so	so	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	bright	bright	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
8	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
9	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	_
10	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	11	advmod	_	_
11	look	look	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	parataxis	_	_
12	at	at	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the welder's arc |  |  |  |  | bright *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **not** **look** | could | we |  |  |  |  | at arc | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent at it=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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