---
title: ard — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «ard» in the Judaism dictionary: A man's name in the Bible, used as a personal name and as the name of a family. It is not an everyday English word. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# ard

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** man, name, sons · **What happens:** use, name, not be, be · **To what, where:** name, Bible, family, everyday English word, Ard

<!-- .vabout -->
«ard» in the Judaism dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 2 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [ard in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/ard.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A man's name in the Bible, used as a personal name and as the name of a family. It is not an everyday English word.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* A man's name in the Bible, used as a personal name and as the name of a family.

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:ard:m1:1
# text = A man's name in the Bible, used as a personal name and as the name of a family.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	Bible	Bible	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	acl	_	_
10	as	as	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	personal	personal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
15	as	as	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	conj	_	_
18	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	family	family	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | participle |  | a man's name in the Bible *not said here* |  |  |  | as a personal name and the name of a family | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **name** |  | a man |  |  | the Bible |  |  | nom name «communication transitive»: poss=agent in=place |
| 3 | **name** |  |  | a family |  |  |  |  | nom name «communication transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* It is not an everyday English word.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:ard:m1:2
# text = It is not an everyday English word.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
3	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	7	advmod	_	_
4	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
5	everyday	everyday	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
6	English	English	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **is a** | present | name | a everyday English word |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And the sons of Benjamin: Bela, and Becher, and Ashbel, Gera, and Naaman, Ehi, and Rosh, Muppim, and Huppim, and Ard. (Torah GEN.46.21, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* And the sons of Benjamin: Bela, and Becher, and Ashbel, Gera, and Naaman, Ehi, and Rosh, Muppim, and Huppim, and Ard.

<!-- fold The tree, 21 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:ard:x1:1
# text = And the sons of Benjamin: Bela, and Becher, and Ashbel, Gera, and Naaman, Ehi, and Rosh, Muppim, and Huppim, and Ard.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	sons	son	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	Benjamin	Benjamin	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	7	punct	_	_
7	Bela	Bela	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	Becher	Becher	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	Ashbel	Ashbel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
15	Gera	Gera	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
18	Naaman	Naaman	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
20	Ehi	Ehi	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
22	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
23	Rosh	Rosh	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
25	Muppim	Muppim	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
27	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
28	Huppim	Huppim	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	31	punct	_	_
30	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	31	cc	_	_
31	Ard	Ard	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah GEN.46.21, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:ard:x1:2
# text = (Torah GEN.46.21, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	GEN.46.21	GEN.46.21	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And the sons of Bela were Ard and Naaman; of Ard, the family of the Ardites; of Naaman, the family of the Naamites. (Torah NUM.26.40, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* And the sons of Bela were Ard and Naaman; of Ard, the family of the Ardites; of Naaman, the family of the Naamites.

<!-- fold The tree, 23 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:ard:x2:1
# text = And the sons of Bela were Ard and Naaman; of Ard, the family of the Ardites; of Naaman, the family of the Naamites.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	sons	son	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	Bela	Bela	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
6	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
7	Ard	Ard	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	Naaman	Naaman	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	Ard	Ard	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	family	family	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	appos	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	Ardites	Ardite	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	15	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	21	punct	_	_
20	of	of	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	Naaman	Naaman	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	family	family	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	appos	_	_
25	of	of	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	Naamites	Naamite	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	24	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	12	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | the sons of Bela | Ard and Naaman |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah NUM.26.40, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:ard:x2:2
# text = (Torah NUM.26.40, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	NUM.26.40	NUM.26.40	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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