---
title: arithmetical — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «arithmetical» in the Judaism dictionary: About arithmetic: adding, subtracting, multiplying and dividing numbers. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# arithmetical

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Decad, I, 2, Quick arithmetical skills, puzzle, you · **What happens:** add, subtract, multiply, divide, teach, typify · **To what, where:** numbers, digits, Tetraktys, whole arithmetical system, sum, arithmetical proportions

<!-- .vabout -->
«arithmetical» in the Judaism dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [arithmetical in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/arithmetical.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
About arithmetic: adding, subtracting, multiplying and dividing numbers.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:arithmetical:m1:1
# text = About arithmetic: adding, subtracting, multiplying and dividing numbers.
1	About	about	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	arithmetic	arithmetic	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	4	punct	_	_
4	adding	add	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	subtracting	subtract	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	multiplying	multiply	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	conj	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	dividing	divide	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	8	conj	_	_
11	numbers	number	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **add** *speech: assert* | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **subtract** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn multiply-108-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **multiply** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **divide** | gerund |  | numbers |  |  |  |  | vn multiply-108-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent number=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
7) Like Pythagoras, who taught that the digits inclusive number ten which are typified in Tetraktys, (Τετρακτὺς) namely: 1 plus 2 plus 3 plus 4 equal 10, and which comprise the whole arithmetical system of nature, etc. (Sefer Yetzirah, Kalisch 1877)

<!-- fold The tree, 41 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:arithmetical:x1:1
# text = 7) Like Pythagoras, who taught that the digits inclusive number ten which are typified in Tetraktys, (Τετρακτὺς) namely: 1 plus 2 plus 3 plus 4 equal 10, and which comprise the whole arithmetical system of nature, etc. (Sefer Yetzirah, Kalisch 1877)
1	7	7	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	nummod	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	1	punct	_	_
3	Like	like	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	Pythagoras	Pythagoras	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
7	taught	teach	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	33	mark	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	digits	digit	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	33	nsubj	_	_
11	inclusive	inclusive	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	number	number	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	appos	_	_
13	ten	ten	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	12	flat	_	_
14	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	16	nsubj:pass	_	_
15	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	aux:pass	_	_
16	typified	typify	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	acl:relcl	_	_
17	in	in	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	Tetraktys	Tetraktys	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
20	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	21	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	Τετρακτὺς	Τετρακτὺς	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	21	punct	_	_
23	namely	namely	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	25	punct	_	_
25	1	1	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	33	nsubj	_	_
26	plus	plus	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
27	2	2	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	25	conj	_	_
28	plus	plus	CCONJ	CC	_	29	cc	_	_
29	3	3	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	25	conj	_	_
30	plus	plus	CCONJ	CC	_	33	cc	_	_
31	4	4	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	33	compound	_	_
32	equal	equal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	33	amod	_	_
33	10	10	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	7	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	37	punct	_	_
35	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	37	cc	_	_
36	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	37	nsubj	_	_
37	comprise	comprise	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	parataxis	_	_
38	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	41	det	_	_
39	whole	whole	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	41	amod	_	_
40	arithmetical	arithmetical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	41	amod	_	_
41	system	system	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	37	obj	_	_
42	of	of	ADP	IN	_	43	case	_	_
43	nature	nature	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	41	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
44	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	45	punct	_	_
45	etc.	etc.	NOUN	FW	Abbr=Yes|Number=Plur	41	conj	_	_
46	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	47	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
47	Sefer	Sefer	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	41	appos	_	_
48	Yetzirah	Yetzirah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	47	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
49	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	50	punct	_	_
50	Kalisch	Kalisch	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	47	conj	_	_
51	1877	1877	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	50	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
52	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	47	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **teach** *speech: other* | past |  |  |  |  |  | like Pythagoras | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **typify** | present · passive |  | the digits |  | Tetraktys |  | namely *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **comprise** | present |  | the whole arithmetical system of nature and etc. |  |  |  |  | vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme system=Pivot |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Decad, which is the sum of the four former, comprehends all arithmetical and musical proportions. (Mordell, The Origin of Letters and Numerals according to Sefer Yetzirah (1914))

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* The Decad, which is the sum of the four former, comprehends all arithmetical and musical proportions.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:arithmetical:x2:1
# text = The Decad, which is the sum of the four former, comprehends all arithmetical and musical proportions.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Decad	Decad	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
4	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	sum	sum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	four	four	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	11	nummod	_	_
11	former	former	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
13	comprehends	comprehend	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
14	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	18	det	_	_
15	arithmetical	arithmetical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	musical	musical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	conj	_	_
18	proportions	proportion	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	13	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the Decad | the sum |  |  |  | of the four former | tree rules |
| 2 | **comprehend** | present | the Decad | all arithmetical proportions |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer proportion=Stimulus |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Mordell, The Origin of Letters and Numerals according to Sefer Yetzirah (1914))

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:arithmetical:x2:2
# text = (Mordell, The Origin of Letters and Numerals according to Sefer Yetzirah (1914))
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Mordell	Mordell	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
4	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	Origin	Origin	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	Letters	letter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	Numerals	numeral	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	conj	_	_
10	according	accord	VERB	VBG	ExtPos=ADP|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	12	case	_	_
11	to	to	ADP	IN	_	10	fixed	_	_
12	Sefer	Sefer	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
13	Yetzirah	Yetzirah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	flat	_	_
14	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	1914	1914	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	list	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	))	))	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **accord** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I made an arithmetical mistake in the sum.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:arithmetical:x3:1
# text = I made an arithmetical mistake in the sum.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	arithmetical	arithmetical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	mistake	mistake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	sum	sum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past | I | a arithmetical mistake |  | the sum |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mistake=Product |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
2, 5, 8, 11 is an arithmetical sequence.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:arithmetical:x4:1
# text = 2, 5, 8, 11 is an arithmetical sequence.
1	2	2	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	11	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
3	5	5	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	1	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	8	8	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	1	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	11	11	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	conj	_	_
8	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
9	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	arithmetical	arithmetical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	sequence	sequence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | 2  8 | a arithmetical sequence |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Quick arithmetical skills help in shops.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:arithmetical:x5:1
# text = Quick arithmetical skills help in shops.
1	Quick	quick	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
2	arithmetical	arithmetical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	skills	skill	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	help	help	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	shops	shop	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **help** | present | Quick arithmetical skills |  |  | shops |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The puzzle needs only arithmetical steps.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:arithmetical:x6:1
# text = The puzzle needs only arithmetical steps.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	puzzle	puzzle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	needs	need	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	only	only	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
5	arithmetical	arithmetical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	steps	step	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **need** | present | the puzzle | arithmetical steps |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot step=Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Check your arithmetical working.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:arithmetical:x7:1
# text = Check your arithmetical working.
1	Check	check	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
3	arithmetical	arithmetical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	working	working	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **check** | imperative | you *not said here* | your arithmetical working |  |  |  |  | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent working=Theme |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An arithmetical slip cost me a mark.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:arithmetical:x8:1
# text = An arithmetical slip cost me a mark.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	arithmetical	arithmetical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	slip	slip	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	cost	cost	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	iobj	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	mark	mark	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cost** | past | a arithmetical slip | a mark | me |  |  |  | vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP NP»: agent=Theme i=Beneficiary mark=Value |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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