---
title: aspirate — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «aspirate» in the Judaism dictionary: To aspirate a sound is to say it with a puff of breath, like the «h» in «hat» or the «p» in «pin». Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# aspirate

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** aspirate, food, two sounds, each, London speakers, b · **What happens:** aspirate, be, puff, say, soften, form · **To what, where:** sound, hat, breath, h sound, air, something · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«aspirate» in the Judaism dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [aspirate in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/aspirate.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: speech — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To aspirate a sound is to say it with a puff of breath, like the «h» in «hat» or the «p» in «pin».

<!-- fold The tree, 23 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:aspirate:m1:1
# text = To aspirate a sound is to say it with a puff of breath, like the «h» in «hat» or the «p» in «pin».
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	aspirate	aspirate	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	advcl	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	sound	sound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	say	say	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	obj	_	_
9	with	with	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	puff	puff	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	breath	breath	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
15	like	like	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
17	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	h	H	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	18	punct	_	_
20	in	in	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	22	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	hat	hat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	22	punct	_	_
24	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
26	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	27	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	p	p	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	27	punct	_	_
29	in	in	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
30	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	31	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	pin	pin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	27	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **aspirate** | to-infinitive |  | a sound |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  | hat or the p in pin |  | with a puff of breath; like the h; say *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **puff** |  |  | breath |  |  |  |  | nom puff «phenomenon transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: noun, phonetics — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An aspirate is an «h» sound or a sound said with a puff of air.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:aspirate:m2:1
# text = An aspirate is an «h» sound or a sound said with a puff of air.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	aspirate	aspirate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
4	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
5	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	h	H	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	6	punct	_	_
8	sound	sound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	sound	sound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	_
12	said	say	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	11	acl	_	_
13	with	with	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	puff	puff	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a aspirate | a h sound or a sound |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | participle |  | a sound *not said here* |  |  |  | with a puff of air | vn pronounce-29.3.1 «NP V NP PP.manner»: agent=Agent with puff=Manner |
| 3 | **puff** |  |  | air |  |  |  |  | nom puff «phenomenon transitive»: of=patient |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: medicine — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To aspirate something is to suck it out with a tube or needle, such as fluid from the body.

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:aspirate:m3:1
# text = To aspirate something is to suck it out with a tube or needle, such as fluid from the body.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	aspirate	aspirate	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	advcl	_	_
3	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	obj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	suck	suck	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	obj	_	_
8	out	out	ADP	RP	_	6	compound:prt	_	_
9	with	with	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	tube	tube	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
12	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	needle	needle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
15	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	17	case	_	_
16	as	as	ADP	IN	_	15	fixed	_	_
17	fluid	fluid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	_
18	from	from	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	body	body	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **aspirate** | to-infinitive |  | something |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | with a tube or needle and fluid from the body; suck *property* | tree rules |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: medicine — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To aspirate food or liquid is to breathe it into the lungs by accident.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:aspirate:m4:1
# text = To aspirate food or liquid is to breathe it into the lungs by accident.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	aspirate	aspirate	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
4	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	liquid	liquid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	breathe	breathe	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	ccomp	_	_
9	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	obj	_	_
10	into	into	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	lungs	lung	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
13	by	by	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	accident	accident	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **aspirate** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | present | food or liquid |  |  | the lungs |  | by accident; breathe *property* | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The two sounds of each letter are the hard and the soft—the aspirated and the softened. (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1893)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* The two sounds of each letter are the hard and the soft—the aspirated and the softened.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:aspirate:x1:1
# text = The two sounds of each letter are the hard and the soft—the aspirated and the softened.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	3	nummod	_	_
3	sounds	sound	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nsubj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	6	det	_	_
6	letter	letter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
7	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	hard	hard	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	soft	soft	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	aspirated	aspirate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	conj	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	softened	soften	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	15	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the two sounds of each letter |  |  |  |  | hard *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** |  | the two sounds of each letter *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **aspirate** | participle | the two sounds of each letter *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **soften** | participle | the two sounds of each letter *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1893)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:aspirate:x1:2
# text = (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1893)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Sefer	Sefer	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	Yetzirah	Yetzirah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	Westcott	Westcott	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
6	1893	1893	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The two sounds of each letter are the hard and the soft — the aspirated and the softened. (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1893)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* The two sounds of each letter are the hard and the soft — the aspirated and the softened.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:aspirate:x2:1
# text = The two sounds of each letter are the hard and the soft — the aspirated and the softened.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	3	nummod	_	_
3	sounds	sound	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nsubj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	6	det	_	_
6	letter	letter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
7	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	hard	hard	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	soft	soft	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	conj	_	_
13	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	15	punct	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	aspirated	aspirate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	conj	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	softened	soften	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	15	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the two sounds of each letter |  |  |  |  | hard *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** |  | the two sounds of each letter *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **aspirate** | participle | the two sounds of each letter *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **soften** | participle | the two sounds of each letter *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1893)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:aspirate:x2:2
# text = (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1893)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Sefer	Sefer	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	Yetzirah	Yetzirah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	Westcott	Westcott	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
6	1893	1893	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
There were formed seven double letters, Beth, Gimel, Daleth, Kaph, Pe, Resh, Tau, each has two voices, either aspirated or softened. (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1887)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* There were formed seven double letters, Beth, Gimel, Daleth, Kaph, Pe, Resh, Tau, each has two voices, either aspirated or softened.

<!-- fold The tree, 21 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:aspirate:x3:1
# text = There were formed seven double letters, Beth, Gimel, Daleth, Kaph, Pe, Resh, Tau, each has two voices, either aspirated or softened.
1	There	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	3	expl	_	_
2	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	formed	form	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	seven	seven	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
5	double	double	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	letters	letter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	Beth	Beth	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	Gimel	Gimel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
12	Daleth	Daleth	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
14	Kaph	Kaph	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
16	Pe	Pe	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
18	Resh	Resh	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
20	Tau	Tau	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
22	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	23	nsubj	_	_
23	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
24	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	25	nummod	_	_
25	voices	voice	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	23	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
27	either	either	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc:preconj	_	_
28	aspirated	aspirate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	parataxis	_	_
29	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	30	cc	_	_
30	softened	soften	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	28	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **form** | past · passive |  | seven double letters |  | there |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: letter=Theme |
| 2 | **have** | present | each | two voices |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent voice=Patient |
| 3 | **aspirate** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **soften** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1887)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:aspirate:x3:2
# text = (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1887)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Sefer	Sefer	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	Yetzirah	Yetzirah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	Westcott	Westcott	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
6	1887	1887	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In «pin», the «p» is aspirated; hold your hand in front of your mouth to feel the puff.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:aspirate:x4:1
# text = In «pin», the «p» is aspirated; hold your hand in front of your mouth to feel the puff.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	pin	pin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	p	p	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj:pass	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	8	punct	_	_
10	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux:pass	_	_
11	aspirated	aspirate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	13	punct	_	_
13	hold	hold	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	conj	_	_
14	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	15	nmod:poss	_	_
15	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	_
16	in	in	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	front	front	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
18	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	20	nmod:poss	_	_
20	mouth	mouth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nmod	_	_
21	to	to	PART	TO	_	22	mark	_	_
22	feel	feel	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	advcl	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	puff	puff	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **aspirate** | present · passive |  | the p |  | pin |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **hold** | infinitive |  | your hand |  | front of your mouth |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent hand=Theme in front=Location |
| 3 | **feel** | to-infinitive |  | the puff |  |  |  |  | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent puff=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Some London speakers do not aspirate the «h» in «house».

<!-- fold The tree, 10 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:aspirate:x5:1
# text = Some London speakers do not aspirate the «h» in «house».
1	Some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	3	det	_	_
2	London	London	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	speakers	speaker	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
4	do	do	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
5	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	6	advmod	_	_
6	aspirate	aspirate	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	h	H	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	6	punct	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	house	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **aspirate** | present · do-support | some London speakers | the h |  | house |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In Mandarin, «p» is aspirated and «b» is not.

<!-- fold The tree, 9 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:aspirate:x6:1
# text = In Mandarin, «p» is aspirated and «b» is not.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	Mandarin	Mandarin	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
4	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	p	p	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj:pass	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux:pass	_	_
8	aspirated	aspirate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
10	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	b	B	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	11	punct	_	_
13	is	be	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	conj	_	_
14	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	13	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **aspirate** | present · passive |  | p |  | Mandarin |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **not** **be** | present | b |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The doctor aspirated fluid from the swollen knee.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:aspirate:x7:1
# text = The doctor aspirated fluid from the swollen knee.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	doctor	doctor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	aspirated	aspirate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	fluid	fluid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	swollen	swollen	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	knee	knee	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **aspirate** | participle | the doctor *not said here* | fluid |  | the swollen knee |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Babies can aspirate milk if they are fed lying flat.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:aspirate:x8:1
# text = Babies can aspirate milk if they are fed lying flat.
1	Babies	baby	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	aspirate	aspirate	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	milk	milk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
6	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj:pass	_	_
7	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux:pass	_	_
8	fed	feed	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	advcl	_	_
9	lying	lie	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	8	xcomp	_	_
10	flat	flat	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **aspirate** | can | Babies | milk |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **feed** *a condition, not said to happen* | present · passive |  | Babies *= baby* |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **lie** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | flat *property* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Old grammar books call «h» an aspirate.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:aspirate:x9:1
# text = Old grammar books call «h» an aspirate.
1	Old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
2	grammar	grammar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	books	book	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	call	call	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	h	H	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	6	punct	_	_
8	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	aspirate	aspirate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **call** | present | Old grammar books | h |  |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent h=Recipient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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