---
title: axis — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «axis» in the Judaism dictionary: An axis is an imaginary straight line that something spins around, like the Earth's axis. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/A/axis/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [dictionaries](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/) / [Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/) / [A](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/A/) / axis

# axis

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** axis, something, x axis, y axis, line, Cassel · **What happens:** be, spin around, go, go up, cut, match · **To what, where:** imaginary straight line, one, maths, line, shape, two matching halves

<!-- .vabout -->
«axis» in the Judaism dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 11 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [axis in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/axis.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An axis is an imaginary straight line that something spins around, like the Earth's axis.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:axis:m1:1
# text = An axis is an imaginary straight line that something spins around, like the Earth's axis.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	axis	axis	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
4	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
5	imaginary	imaginary	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
6	straight	straight	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	line	line	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
9	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	10	nsubj	_	_
10	spins	spin	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	advcl	_	_
11	around	around	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
13	like	like	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	Earth	Earth	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	's	's	PART	POS	_	15	case	_	_
17	axis	axis	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a axis | a imaginary straight line |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **spin around** | present | something |  |  |  |  | like the Earth's axis; around *property* | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In maths, an axis is one of the main lines on a graph, the x-axis going across and the y-axis going up.

<!-- fold The tree, 24 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:axis:m2:1
# text = In maths, an axis is one of the main lines on a graph, the x-axis going across and the y-axis going up.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	maths	math	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	axis	axis	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
7	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	0	root	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	main	main	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	lines	line	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nmod	_	_
12	on	on	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	graph	graph	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
17	x	x	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	axis	axis	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	appos	_	_
20	going	go	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	19	acl	_	_
21	across	across	ADV	RB	_	20	advmod	_	_
22	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
24	y	y	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	24	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	axis	axis	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	conj	_	_
27	going	go	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	26	acl	_	_
28	up	up	ADV	RB	_	27	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a axis | one |  | maths |  | of the main lines on a graph and the y axis | tree rules |
| 2 | **go** | gerund | the x axis *not said here* |  |  |  |  | across *property* | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **go up** | gerund | the y axis *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An axis of symmetry is a line that cuts a shape into two matching halves.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:axis:m3:1
# text = An axis of symmetry is a line that cuts a shape into two matching halves.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	axis	axis	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	symmetry	symmetry	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	line	line	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	9	nsubj	_	_
9	cuts	cut	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	acl:relcl	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	shape	shape	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
12	into	into	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
13	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	15	nummod	_	_
14	matching	match	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	15	amod	_	_
15	halves	half	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a axis of symmetry | a line |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **cut** | present | a line | a shape |  | two matching halves |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP.material PP.product»: agent=Agent shape=Material into half=Product |
| 3 | **match** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn amalgamate-22.2-1 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Dr. Cassel is of the opinion that our author meant here, probably the invisible, celestial or universal axis that carries the whole Universe. (Sefer Yetzirah, Kalisch 1877)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Dr. Cassel is of the opinion that our author meant here, probably the invisible, celestial or universal axis that carries the whole Universe.

<!-- fold The tree, 23 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:axis:x1:1
# text = Dr. Cassel is of the opinion that our author meant here, probably the invisible, celestial or universal axis that carries the whole Universe.
1	Dr.	Dr.	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nmod:desc	_	_
2	Cassel	Cassel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	opinion	opinion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	10	obj	_	_
8	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	author	author	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
10	meant	mean	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	acl:relcl	_	_
11	here	here	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	10	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
13	probably	probably	ADV	RB	_	17	advmod	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
15	invisible	invisible	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
17	celestial	celestial	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
18	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
19	universal	universal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	axis	axis	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	conj	_	_
21	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	22	nsubj	_	_
22	carries	carry	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	17	parataxis	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
24	whole	whole	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	25	amod	_	_
25	Universe	universe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Cassel  Dr. |  |  |  |  | of the opinion and the invisible celestial or universal axis | tree rules |
| 2 | **mean** | past | our author | the opinion and the invisible celestial or universal axis |  | here |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent that=Topic |
| 3 | **carry** | present | that | the whole Universe |  |  |  |  | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent universe=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Sefer Yetzirah, Kalisch 1877)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:axis:x1:2
# text = (Sefer Yetzirah, Kalisch 1877)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Sefer	Sefer	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	Yetzirah	Yetzirah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	Kalisch	Kalisch	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
6	1877	1877	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
\[paragraph continues\] God stands in close connection with the Universe, and just so is Tali connected with the world, that is, an invisible, celestial or universal axis carries the whole fabric. (Sefer Yetzirah, Kalisch 1877)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* \[paragraph continues\] God stands in close connection with the Universe, and just so is Tali connected with the world, that is, an invisible, celestial or universal axis carries the whole fabric.

<!-- fold The tree, 31 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:axis:x2:1
# text = [paragraph continues] God stands in close connection with the Universe, and just so is Tali connected with the world, that is, an invisible, celestial or universal axis carries the whole fabric.
1	[	[	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	paragraph	paragraph	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	continues	continue	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	]	]	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
5	God	God	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	stands	stand	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	close	close	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	connection	connection	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
10	with	with	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	Universe	universe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
15	just	just	ADV	RB	_	18	advmod	_	_
16	so	so	ADV	RB	_	18	advmod	_	_
17	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	18	cop	_	_
18	Tali	Tali	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	34	nsubj	_	_
19	connected	connect	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	18	acl	_	_
20	with	with	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	world	world	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
24	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	30	nsubj	_	_
25	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	30	cop	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
27	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
28	invisible	invisible	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	30	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
30	celestial	celestial	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	34	nsubj	_	_
31	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	33	cc	_	_
32	universal	universal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	33	amod	_	_
33	axis	axis	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	conj	_	_
34	carries	carry	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
35	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	37	det	_	_
36	whole	whole	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	37	amod	_	_
37	fabric	fabric	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	34	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
38	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **continue** | present | paragraph |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **stand** | present | God |  |  | close connection with the Universe |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in connection=Location |
| 3 | **is a** | present |  | Tali |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **connect** | participle |  | Tali *not said here* |  |  |  | with the world | vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V PP.patient»: agent=Patient with world=Co-Patient |
| 5 | **is a** | present | that | a invisible celestial or universal axis |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 6 | **carry** | present | Tali | the whole fabric |  |  |  |  | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fabric=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Sefer Yetzirah, Kalisch 1877)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:axis:x2:2
# text = (Sefer Yetzirah, Kalisch 1877)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Sefer	Sefer	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	Yetzirah	Yetzirah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	Kalisch	Kalisch	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
6	1877	1877	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Just as the sphere remains the same during the rotation on its axis in its setting and in its rising; yet it appears to us as if it had undergone a great change on account of its different position. (Sefer Yetzirah, Kalisch 1877)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Just as the sphere remains the same during the rotation on its axis in its setting and in its rising; yet it appears to us as if it had undergone a great change on account of its different position.

<!-- fold The tree, 39 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:axis:x3:1
# text = Just as the sphere remains the same during the rotation on its axis in its setting and in its rising; yet it appears to us as if it had undergone a great change on account of its different position.
1	Just	just	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
2	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	5	mark	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	sphere	sphere	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	remains	remain	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	same	same	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	obj	_	_
8	during	during	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	rotation	rotation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
11	on	on	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	_
13	axis	axis	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	_
14	in	in	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	16	nmod:poss	_	_
16	setting	setting	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
18	in	in	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	20	nmod:poss	_	_
20	rising	rising	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
22	yet	yet	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
23	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	24	nsubj	_	_
24	appears	appear	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
25	to	to	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
26	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	24	obl	_	_
27	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	31	mark	_	_
28	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	31	mark	_	_
29	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	31	nsubj:pass	_	_
30	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	31	aux	_	_
31	undergone	undergo	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	24	advcl	_	_
32	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
33	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	34	amod	_	_
34	change	change	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	obj	_	_
35	on	on	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
36	account	account	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	34	nmod	_	_
37	of	of	ADP	IN	_	40	case	_	_
38	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	40	nmod:poss	_	_
39	different	different	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	40	amod	_	_
40	position	position	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	34	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
41	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **remain** | present | the sphere | the same |  | sphere's setting and sphere's rising | during the rotation on sphere's axis |  | vn seem-109-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme same=Attribute |
| 2 | **appear** | present | it |  | us |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **undergo** | past · perfect · passive |  | sphere |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **rise** |  | sphere |  |  |  |  |  | nom rising «event intransitive»: poss=agent |
| 5 | **change** |  | sphere's different position |  |  | account |  |  | nom change «event intransitive»: on=place of=agent |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Sefer Yetzirah, Kalisch 1877)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:axis:x3:2
# text = (Sefer Yetzirah, Kalisch 1877)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Sefer	Sefer	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	Yetzirah	Yetzirah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	Kalisch	Kalisch	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
6	1877	1877	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Earth spins on its axis once every 24 hours.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:axis:x4:1
# text = The Earth spins on its axis once every 24 hours.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Earth	Earth	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	spins	spin	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	axis	axis	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	once	once	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult	9	advmod	_	_
8	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	9	det	_	_
9	24	24	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	10	nummod	_	_
10	hours	hour	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spin** | present | the Earth |  |  | Earth's axis | hour |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme on axis=Trajectory |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Earth's axis is tilted, which gives us seasons.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:axis:x5:1
# text = The Earth's axis is tilted, which gives us seasons.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Earth	Earth	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	axis	axis	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux:pass	_	_
6	tilted	tilt	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	9	nsubj	_	_
9	gives	give	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
10	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	9	iobj	_	_
11	seasons	season	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **tilt** | present · passive |  | the Earth's axis |  |  |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «PP.location V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **give** | present |  |  | us |  | season |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent we=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Label the x-axis «days» and the y-axis «temperature».

<!-- fold The tree, 10 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:axis:x6:1
# text = Label the x-axis «days» and the y-axis «temperature».
1	Label	label	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
3	x	x	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	axis	axis	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
6	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	days	day	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	7	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
11	y	y	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	axis	axis	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	compound	_	_
14	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	temperature	temperature	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **label** | imperative | you *not said here* | the x axis |  |  | day |  | vn butter-9.9 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent axis=Destination |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The point (3, 5) is 3 along the x-axis and 5 up.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:axis:x7:1
# text = The point (3, 5) is 3 along the x-axis and 5 up.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	point	point	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
3	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	3	3	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	5	5	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	4	punct	_	_
8	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
9	3	3	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	0	root	_	_
10	along	along	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
12	x	x	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	axis	axis	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
16	5	5	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	17	nummod	_	_
17	up	up	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the point | 3 |  |  |  | along the x axis and 5 up | tree rules |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A square has four axes of symmetry.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:axis:x8:1
# text = A square has four axes of symmetry.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	square	square	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	four	four	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	axes	ax	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	symmetry	symmetry	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | a square | four axes of symmetry |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ax=Patient |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Draw the axis of symmetry on the butterfly.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:axis:x9:1
# text = Draw the axis of symmetry on the butterfly.
1	Draw	draw	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	axis	axis	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	symmetry	symmetry	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	butterfly	butterfly	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **draw** | imperative | you *not said here* | the axis of symmetry |  |  |  | on the butterfly | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent axis=Theme on butterfly=Destination |

## Example 10 {#x10}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The bar chart's vertical axis goes up in fives.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:axis:x10:1
# text = The bar chart's vertical axis goes up in fives.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	bar	bar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	chart	chart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	's	's	PART	POS	_	3	case	_	_
5	vertical	vertical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	axis	axis	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	goes	go	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	up	up	ADP	RP	_	7	compound:prt	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	fives	fives	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go up** | present | the bar chart's vertical axis |  |  |  |  | in fives | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.patient V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient in fives=Attribute |

## Example 11 {#x11}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A spinning top turns around its axis.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:axis:x11:1
# text = A spinning top turns around its axis.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	spinning	spin	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	amod	_	_
3	top	top	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	turns	turn	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	around	around	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	axis	axis	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spin** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **turn** | present | a spinning top |  |  | top's axis |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme around axis=Trajectory |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [axe](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/A/axe/)
- next →: [axle](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/A/axle/)
- ↑ back to [A in Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/A/)