---
title: be — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «be» in the Judaism dictionary: To be means to exist, to be there. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# be

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** someone, something, maths, you, we, ai · **What happens:** be, exist, mean, drop, bend, come · **To what, where:** equals, 3 7, chatty speech forms, 2 dollar, voice, total · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«be» in the Judaism dictionary: its 8 meanings for a pupil and its 19 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [be in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/be.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To be means to exist, to be there.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:be:m1:1
# text = To be means to exist, to be there.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	3	mark	_	_
2	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	cop	_	_
3	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	exist	exist	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
8	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	cop	_	_
9	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	5	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | mean *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **exist** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **is** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | there *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
There is a cat in the garden.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:be:m1e:1
# text = There is a cat in the garden.
1	There	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	2	expl	_	_
2	is	be	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	cat	cat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	garden	garden	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | present | a cat |  |  | the garden; there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in garden=Location |

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To be tells what someone or something is like.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:be:m2:1
# text = To be tells what someone or something is like.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	3	mark	_	_
2	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	cop	_	_
3	tells	tell	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	9	obj	_	_
5	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	9	nsubj	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	5	conj	_	_
8	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
9	like	like	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** *speech: assert* | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | tell *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | present | someone |  |  |  |  | like *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She is tall. The soup is hot.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* She is tall.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:be:m2e:1
# text = She is tall.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	tall	tall	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | She |  |  |  |  | tall *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* The soup is hot.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:be:m2e:2
# text = The soup is hot.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	soup	soup	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	hot	hot	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the soup |  |  |  |  | hot *property* | tree rules |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To be tells where something is.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:be:m3:1
# text = To be tells where something is.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	3	mark	_	_
2	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	cop	_	_
3	tells	tell	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	6	advmod	_	_
5	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	6	nsubj	_	_
6	is	be	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** *speech: assert* | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | tell *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** | present | something |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The keys are on the table.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:be:m3e:1
# text = The keys are on the table.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	keys	key	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	table	table	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the keys |  |  | the table |  |  | tree rules |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To be tells someone's age or job.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:be:m4:1
# text = To be tells someone's age or job.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	3	mark	_	_
2	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	cop	_	_
3	tells	tell	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	6	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	's	's	PART	POS	_	4	case	_	_
6	age	age	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	job	job	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | tell *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ben is 7. Mum is a doctor.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Ben is 7.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:be:m4e:1
# text = Ben is 7.
1	Ben	Ben	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	7	7	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Ben | 7 |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* Mum is a doctor.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:be:m4e:2
# text = Mum is a doctor.
1	Mum	mum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	doctor	doctor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Mum | a doctor |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Meaning 5 {#m5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Be also helps other verbs.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:be:m5:1
# text = Be also helps other verbs.
1	Be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	cop	_	_
2	also	also	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	helps	help	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	verbs	verb	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | help *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I am running; the cake was eaten.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:be:m5e:1
# text = I am running; the cake was eaten.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	am	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	running	run	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	cake	cake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
7	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux:pass	_	_
8	eaten	eat	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **run** | present · progressive | I |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **eat** | past · passive |  | the cake |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |

## Meaning 6 {#m6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In maths «is» often means «equals»: 3 + 4 is 7.

<!-- fold The tree, 11 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:be:m6:1
# text = In maths «is» often means «equals»: 3 + 4 is 7.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	maths	math	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	_
3	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	is	be	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
6	often	often	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	equals	equal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
12	3	3	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	16	nummod	_	_
13	+	+	SYM	SYM	_	14	cc	_	_
14	4	4	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	12	conj	_	_
15	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	cop	_	_
16	7	7	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** *in a quote* | present | maths *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  | equals |  |  |  | in maths; often *property* | vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Pivot equal=Theme in math=Attribute |
| 3 | **is a** | present |  | 3 7 |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Meaning 7 {#m7}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: casual — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In chatty speech forms of be are dropped or bent: «you coming?», «we was late», «them sweets is 2 dollar», «ain't» for «isn't» or «am not»; (US casual) «I'm like» and «she was all» mean «I said» and «she said».

<!-- fold The tree, 43 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:be:m7:1
# text = In chatty speech forms of be are dropped or bent: «you coming?», «we was late», «them sweets is 2 dollar», «ain't» for «isn't» or «am not»; (US casual) «I'm like» and «she was all» mean «I said» and «she said».
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	chatty	chatty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
3	speech	speech	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	forms	form	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj:pass	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	acl	_	_
7	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux:pass	_	_
8	dropped	drop	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	bent	bend	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	8	punct	_	_
12	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
14	coming	come	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	8	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
18	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	21	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	21	nsubj	_	_
20	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	21	cop	_	_
21	late	late	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	21	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
24	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	29	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	29	nmod	_	_
26	sweets	sweet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	25	nmod:unmarked	_	_
27	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	29	cop	_	_
28	2	2	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	29	nummod	_	_
29	dollar	dollar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	29	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	54	punct	_	_
32	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	54	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	ai	ai	X	FW	Foreign=Yes	54	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	54	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	34	punct	_	_
36	for	for	ADP	IN	_	39	case	_	_
37	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	39	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
38	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	39	cop	_	SpaceAfter=No
39	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	54	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
40	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	39	punct	_	_
41	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	43	cc	_	_
42	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	43	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
43	am	a.m.	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	39	conj	_	_
44	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	45	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
45	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	43	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
46	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	54	punct	_	_
47	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	49	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
48	US	US	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	49	compound	_	_
49	casual	casual	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	54	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
50	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	49	punct	_	_
51	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	54	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
52	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	54	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
53	'm	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	54	cop	_	_
54	like	like	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
55	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	54	punct	_	_
56	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	62	cc	_	_
57	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	62	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
58	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	62	nsubj	_	_
59	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	62	cop	_	_
60	all	all	ADV	RB	_	62	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
61	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	60	punct	_	_
62	mean	mean	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	conj	_	_
63	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	65	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
64	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	65	nsubj	_	_
65	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	62	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
66	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	65	punct	_	_
67	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	70	cc	_	_
68	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	70	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
69	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	70	nsubj	_	_
70	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	65	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
71	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	70	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
72	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **drop** | present · passive |  | chatty speech forms |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **bend** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **come** *in a quote* | gerund | you |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **is** *in a quote* | past | we |  |  |  |  | late *property* | tree rules |
| 5 | **is a** *in a quote* | present |  | 2 dollar |  |  |  | forms *= form* *nmod* | tree rules |
| 6 | **not** **is** *in a quote* | present | ai |  |  |  |  | US casual *obl*; like *property* | tree rules |
| 7 | **is** | past | she |  |  |  |  | all, mean *property* | tree rules |
| 8 | **say** *speech: assert* *in a quote* | past | I |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 9 | **say** *speech: assert* *in a quote* | past | she |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |

## Meaning 8 {#m8}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: formal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The exam voice uses be in stiff passive and «shall be» forms: «It is given that …», «A total of 12 apples is distributed …», «Answers shall be expressed in whole numbers».

<!-- fold The tree, 30 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:be:m8:1
# text = The exam voice uses be in stiff passive and «shall be» forms: «It is given that …», «A total of 12 apples is distributed …», «Answers shall be expressed in whole numbers».
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	exam	exam	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	voice	voice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	uses	use	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	cop	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	stiff	stiff	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	passive	passive	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	ccomp	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
10	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	14	aux	_	_
12	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	14	cop	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	14	punct	_	_
14	forms	form	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	19	punct	_	_
16	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	19	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	nsubj:pass	_	_
18	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	19	aux:pass	_	_
19	given	give	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	advcl	_	_
20	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	19	obj	_	_
21	…	.	PUNCT	.	_	19	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	19	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	31	punct	_	_
24	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	26	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	total	total	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	nsubj:pass	_	_
27	of	of	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
28	12	12	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	29	nummod	_	_
29	apples	apple	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	26	nmod	_	_
30	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	31	aux:pass	_	_
31	distributed	distribute	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	parataxis	_	_
32	…	.	PUNCT	.	_	31	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	31	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	39	punct	_	_
35	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	39	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	Answers	answer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	39	nsubj:pass	_	_
37	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	39	aux	_	_
38	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	39	aux:pass	_	_
39	expressed	express	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	parataxis	_	_
40	in	in	ADP	IN	_	42	case	_	_
41	whole	whole	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	42	amod	_	_
42	numbers	number	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	39	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
43	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	39	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
44	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | present | the exam voice |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | infinitive | the exam voice *not said here* |  |  |  |  | passive *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **is** | shall | the exam voice *not said here* |  |  |  |  | form *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **give** *in a quote* | present · passive |  | voice |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: subject=Recipient that=Theme |
| 5 | **distribute** *in a quote* | present · passive |  | a total of 12 apples |  |  |  |  | vn contribute-13.2-1 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: subject=Theme |
| 6 | **express** *in a quote* | shall · passive |  | Answers |  | whole numbers |  |  | vn reflexive\_appearance-48.1.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
These are the generations of Noah. (Torah GEN.6.9, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* These are the generations of Noah.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:be:x1:1
# text = These are the generations of Noah.
1	These	this	PRON	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	4	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	generations	generation	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	Noah	Noah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | These | the generations |  |  |  | of Noah | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah GEN.6.9, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:be:x1:2
# text = (Torah GEN.6.9, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	GEN.6.9	GEN.6.9	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
These are the generations of Shem. (Torah GEN.11.10, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* These are the generations of Shem.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:be:x2:1
# text = These are the generations of Shem.
1	These	this	PRON	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	4	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	generations	generation	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	Shem	Shem	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | These | the generations |  |  |  | of Shem | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah GEN.11.10, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:be:x2:2
# text = (Torah GEN.11.10, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	GEN.11.10	GEN.11.10	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
These are the sons of Adah. (Torah GEN.36.16, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* These are the sons of Adah.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:be:x3:1
# text = These are the sons of Adah.
1	These	this	PRON	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	4	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	sons	son	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	Adah	Adah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | These | the sons |  |  |  | of Adah | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah GEN.36.16, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:be:x3:2
# text = (Torah GEN.36.16, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	GEN.36.16	GEN.36.16	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
So his strength was not known. (Prophets JDG.16.9, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* So his strength was not known.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:be:x4:1
# text = So his strength was not known.
1	So	so	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
2	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	strength	strength	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux:pass	_	_
5	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	6	advmod	_	_
6	known	know	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **know** | past · passive |  | his strength |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: subject=Stimulus |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Prophets JDG.16.9, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:be:x4:2
# text = (Prophets JDG.16.9, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	JDG.16.9	JDG.16.9	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And the days were not expired; (Prophets 1SA.18.26, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:be:x5:1
# text = And the days were not expired; (Prophets 1SA.18.26, JPS 1917)
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	days	day	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux:pass	_	_
5	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	6	advmod	_	_
6	expired	expire	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
8	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	_
10	1SA.18.26	1SA.18.26	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	9	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
12	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	parataxis	_	_
13	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	12	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	12	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **expire** | past · passive |  | the days |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And I answered: Here am I. (Prophets 2SA.1.7, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:be:x6:1
# text = And I answered: Here am I. (Prophets 2SA.1.7, JPS 1917)
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	answered	answer	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
5	Here	here	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	9	advmod	_	_
6	am	am	X	GW	_	5	cop	_	_
7	I.	I.	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
8	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	ccomp	_	_
10	2SA.1.7	2SA.1.7	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	9	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
12	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	appos	_	_
13	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	12	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	12	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **answer** *speech: assert* | past | I |  |  |  |  |  | vn reciprocate-112-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** |  |  |  |  |  |  | here *property* | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
How many apples are on the table?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:be:x7:1
# text = How many apples are on the table?
1	How	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	2	advmod	_	_
2	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	apples	apple	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
4	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	table	table	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | many apples |  |  | the table |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
There were 9 apples. Tom ate 1 of them.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* There were 9 apples.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:be:x8:1
# text = There were 9 apples.
1	There	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	2	expl	_	_
2	were	be	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	9	9	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	apples	apple	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | past | 9 apples |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* Tom ate 1 of them.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:be:x8:2
# text = Tom ate 1 of them.
1	Tom	Tom	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	ate	eat	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	1	1	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	obj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **eat** | past | Tom | 1 of apples |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent 1=Patient |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
There are 5 rows with 4 chairs in each row.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:be:x9:1
# text = There are 5 rows with 4 chairs in each row.
1	There	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	2	expl	_	_
2	are	be	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	5	5	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	rows	row	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	4	4	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	7	nummod	_	_
7	chairs	chair	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	10	det	_	_
10	row	row	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **does** | present | 5 rows with 4 chairs in each row |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 10 {#x10}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ben is 7 and Kate is 10.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:be:x10:1
# text = Ben is 7 and Kate is 10.
1	Ben	Ben	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	7	7	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	0	root	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
5	Kate	Kate	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
7	10	10	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Ben | 7 |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is a** | present | Kate | 10 |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 11 {#x11}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Three plus four is seven.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:be:x11:1
# text = Three plus four is seven.
1	Three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	5	compound	_	_
2	plus	plus	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
3	four	four	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	1	conj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	seven	seven	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present |  | Three seven |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 12 {#x12}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Be careful near the pool.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:be:x12:1
# text = Be careful near the pool.
1	Be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	cop	_	_
2	careful	careful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
3	near	near	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	pool	pool	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  | the pool |  | careful *property* | tree rules |

## Example 13 {#x13}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I am hungry; are you?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:be:x13:1
# text = I am hungry; are you?
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	am	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	hungry	hungry	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
5	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
6	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | I |  |  |  |  | hungry *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **is a** | present | I *not said here* | you |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 14 {#x14}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The children were very happy at the zoo.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:be:x14:1
# text = The children were very happy at the zoo.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
3	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	very	very	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	happy	happy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	at	at	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	zoo	zoo	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the children |  |  | the zoo |  | happy *property* | tree rules |

## Example 15 {#x15}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ice is frozen water.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:be:x15:1
# text = Ice is frozen water.
1	Ice	ice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	frozen	freeze	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **freeze** | present · passive |  | Ice |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 16 {#x16}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
you coming or what? bus is here

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:be:x16:1
# text = you coming or what? bus is here
1	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	coming	come	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
3	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
6	bus	bus	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
8	here	here	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	2	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | gerund | you | bus |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | here *property* | tree rules |

## Example 17 {#x17}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
them sweets is 2 dollar each, we ain't got enough

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:be:x17:1
# text = them sweets is 2 dollar each, we ain't got enough
1	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	sweets	sweet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	parataxis	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	2	2	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	dollar	dollar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	5	nmod:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
8	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
9	ai	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	11	advmod	_	_
11	got	get	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
12	enough	enough	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sweet** |  | them *= they* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is a** | present |  | 2 dollar |  |  |  | each *nmod:unmarked* | tree rules |
| 3 | **not** **get** | present · passive | we |  |  |  |  | enough *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer |

## Example 18 {#x18}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is given that a quantity of 9 apples was present upon the table, of which 1 was subsequently consumed.

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:be:x18:1
# text = It is given that a quantity of 9 apples was present upon the table, of which 1 was subsequently consumed.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	given	give	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	11	mark	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	quantity	quantity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	9	9	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	9	nummod	_	_
9	apples	apple	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	_
10	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
11	present	present	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	advcl	_	_
12	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	table	table	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	21	obl	_	_
18	1	1	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	21	nsubj:pass	_	_
19	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	21	aux:pass	_	_
20	subsequently	subsequently	ADV	RB	_	21	advmod	_	_
21	consumed	consume	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | present · passive |  | It |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | past | a quantity of 9 apples |  |  |  |  | upon the table; present *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **consume** | past · passive |  | 1 |  |  |  | subsequently *property* | vn consume-66 «NP V NP»: subject=Asset |

## Example 19 {#x19}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"Why are you knocking me about?"

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:be:x19:1
# text = "Why are you knocking me about?"
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	5	advmod	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
5	knocking	knock	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
6	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	5	obj	_	_
7	about	about	ADP	IN	_	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **knock** *in a quote* | present · progressive | you | me |  |  |  |  | vn split-23.2 «NP V NP apart»: agent=Agent i=Patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [bdellium](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/B/bdellium/)
- next →: [beacon](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/B/beacon/)
- ↑ back to [B in Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/B/)