---
title: benumbed — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «benumbed» in the Judaism dictionary: Made numb, so that a person cannot feel or move properly, usually from cold. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# benumbed

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**Who acts:** person, I, He · **What happens:** make, not feel, move, benumb, crush, groan · **To what, where:** I, fingers, snow

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«benumbed» in the Judaism dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 3 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [benumbed in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/benumbed.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Made numb, so that a person cannot feel or move properly, usually from cold.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:benumbed:m1:1
# text = Made numb, so that a person cannot feel or move properly, usually from cold.
1	Made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
2	numb	numb	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
4	so	so	SCONJ	IN	ExtPos=SCONJ	10	mark	_	_
5	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	4	fixed	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
8	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	10	advmod	_	_
10	feel	feel	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	advcl	_	_
11	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	move	move	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	conj	_	_
13	properly	properly	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
15	usually	usually	ADV	RB	_	17	advmod	_	_
16	from	from	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	cold	cold	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | numb *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |
| 2 | **not** **feel** | can | a person |  |  |  |  |  | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus |
| 3 | **move** | infinitive | a person *not said here* |  |  |  |  | properly *property* | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I am benumbed and sore crushed; I groan by reason of the moaning of my heart. (Writings PSA.38.9, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* I am benumbed and sore crushed; I groan by reason of the moaning of my heart.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:benumbed:x1:1
# text = I am benumbed and sore crushed; I groan by reason of the moaning of my heart.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	am	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	benumbed	benumb	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	sore	sore	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	conj	_	_
6	crushed	crush	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	groan	groan	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
10	by	by	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	reason	reason	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	moaning	moaning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	17	nmod:poss	_	_
17	heart	heart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **benumb** | present · passive |  | I |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **crush** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **groan** | present | I |  |  |  |  | by reason of the moaning of my heart | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme by reason=Location |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings PSA.38.9, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:benumbed:x1:2
# text = (Writings PSA.38.9, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	PSA.38.9	PSA.38.9	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
His fingers were benumbed with cold.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:benumbed:x2:1
# text = His fingers were benumbed with cold.
1	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	fingers	finger	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	benumbed	benumb	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	cold	cold	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **benumb** | past · passive |  | His fingers |  |  |  | with cold | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He sat still, benumbed and cold, in the snow.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:benumbed:x3:1
# text = He sat still, benumbed and cold, in the snow.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	sat	sit	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	still	still	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	benumbed	benumb	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	conj	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	cold	cold	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	snow	snow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sit** | past | He |  |  |  | still |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **benumb** | participle | He *not said here* |  |  | the snow |  |  | tree rules |

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**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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