---
title: bereavement — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «bereavement» in the Judaism dictionary: The loss of a close relative or friend because they have died. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# bereavement

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** relative, They, children, place, I, thy · **What happens:** die, repay, come, say, be, give · **To what, where:** close relative, me, bereavement, ears, place, bereavement support · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«bereavement» in the Judaism dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [bereavement in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/bereavement.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: formal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The loss of a close relative or friend because they have died.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:bereavement:m1:1
# text = The loss of a close relative or friend because they have died.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	loss	loss	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	close	close	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	relative	relative	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	friend	friend	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
9	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
10	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
11	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	_
12	died	die	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	6	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **die** | present · perfect | relative | a close relative or friend *not said here* |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The sadness and time after such a loss.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:bereavement:m2:1
# text = The sadness and time after such a loss.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	sadness	sadness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
5	after	after	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	such	such	DET	PDT	PronType=Ind	8	det:predet	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	loss	loss	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They repay me evil for good; bereavement is come to my soul. (Writings PSA.35.12, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* They repay me evil for good; bereavement is come to my soul.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:bereavement:x1:1
# text = They repay me evil for good; bereavement is come to my soul.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	repay	repay	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	obj	_	_
4	evil	evil	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	xcomp	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	bereavement	bereavement	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
9	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux:pass	_	_
10	come	come	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	parataxis	_	_
11	to	to	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	_
13	soul	soul	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **repay** | present | They |  | me |  |  | evil *property* | vn equip-13.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent i=Recipient |
| 2 | **come** | present · passive |  | bereavement |  |  |  | to my soul | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: subject=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings PSA.35.12, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:bereavement:x1:2
# text = (Writings PSA.35.12, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	PSA.35.12	PSA.35.12	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The children of thy bereavement shall yet say in thine ears: 'The place is too strait for me; give place to me that I may dwell.' (Prophets ISA.49.20, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* The children of thy bereavement shall yet say in thine ears: 'The place is too strait for me; give place to me that I may dwell.'

<!-- fold The tree, 26 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:bereavement:x2:1
# text = The children of thy bereavement shall yet say in thine ears: 'The place is too strait for me; give place to me that I may dwell.'
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	bereavement	bereavement	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
7	yet	yet	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	say	say	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	thine	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	ears	ear	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	18	punct	_	_
13	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nsubj	_	_
16	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	18	cop	_	_
17	too	too	ADV	RB	_	18	advmod	_	_
18	strait	strait	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	conj	_	_
19	for	for	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	18	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	22	punct	_	_
22	give	give	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	conj	_	_
23	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obj	_	_
24	to	to	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
25	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	22	obl	_	_
26	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	29	mark	_	_
27	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	29	nsubj	_	_
28	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	29	aux	_	_
29	dwell	dwell	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	22	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | shall | the children of thy bereavement |  |  | thine ears | yet |  | vn pronounce-29.3.1 «NP V NP PP.manner»: agent=Agent in ear=Manner |
| 2 | **is** | present | the place |  |  |  |  | for me; strait *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **give** | infinitive | the children of thy bereavement *not said here* | place | me |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent place=Theme to i=Recipient |
| 4 | **dwell** | may | I |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 5 | **bereave** |  | thy |  |  |  |  |  | nom bereavement «state transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Prophets ISA.49.20, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:bereavement:x2:2
# text = (Prophets ISA.49.20, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	ISA.49.20	ISA.49.20	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She was off school because of a family bereavement.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:bereavement:x3:1
# text = She was off school because of a family bereavement.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	off	off	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	because	because	ADP	IN	ExtPos=ADP	9	case	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	fixed	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	family	family	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	bereavement	bereavement	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | She |  |  |  |  | off school; because a family bereavement | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The school offers bereavement support to pupils.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:bereavement:x4:1
# text = The school offers bereavement support to pupils.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	offers	offer	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	bereavement	bereavement	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	support	support	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	pupils	pupil	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **offer** | present | the school | bereavement support | pupils |  |  |  | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP PP.goal»: agent=Agent support=Theme to pupil=Goal |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
After a bereavement, it's normal to feel very sad.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:bereavement:x5:1
# text = After a bereavement, it's normal to feel very sad.
1	After	after	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	bereavement	bereavement	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
7	normal	normal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	feel	feel	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	csubj	_	_
10	very	very	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
11	sad	sad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | it |  |  |  | after a bereavement | normal *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **feel** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | sad *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He took bereavement leave from work.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:bereavement:x6:1
# text = He took bereavement leave from work.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	bereavement	bereavement	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	leave	leave	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	ccomp	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	work	work	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | past | He |  |  |  |  |  | vn require-103 «NP V for NP S\_INF»: agent=Theme clause=Precondition |
| 2 | **leave** | infinitive | bereavement |  |  | work |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from work=Initial\_Location |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Talking to someone helps after a bereavement.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:bereavement:x7:1
# text = Talking to someone helps after a bereavement.
1	Talking	talk	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	csubj	_	_
2	to	to	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	1	obl	_	_
4	helps	help	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	after	after	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	bereavement	bereavement	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **talk** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | to someone | vn talk-37.5 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent to someone=Co-Agent |
| 2 | **help** | present | Talking |  |  |  | after a bereavement |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We sent a card to show we cared about their bereavement.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:bereavement:x8:1
# text = We sent a card to show we cared about their bereavement.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	sent	send	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	card	card	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	show	show	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
7	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	cared	care	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	ccomp	_	_
9	about	about	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	bereavement	bereavement	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **send** | past | We | a card |  |  |  |  | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent card=Theme |
| 2 | **show** | to-infinitive | We *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **care** | past | we |  |  |  |  | about their bereavement | vn care-88.1-1 «NP V PP.stimulus what S»: agent=Experiencer about bereavement=Stimulus |
| 4 | **bereave** |  | their *= they* |  |  |  |  |  | nom bereavement «state transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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